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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (11)
  • Institute of Physics (IOP)  (7)
  • Seismological Society of America (SSA)  (2)
  • 11
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    Environmental impact analysis of mine tailing reservoir (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Under certain conditions landscape topography which utilizes mine tailing reservoir construction using is likely to increase lateral recharge source regions, resulting in dramatic changes to the local hydrological dynamic field and recharge of downstream areas initiated by runoff, excretion state, elevated groundwater depth, shallow groundwater, rainfall direct communication, and thinning of the vadose zone. Corrosive leaching of topsoil over many years of exposure to chemical fertilizers and pesticides may result in their dissolution into the groundwater system, which may lead to excessive amounts of many harmful chemicals, therby affecting the physical and mental health of human residents and increase environmental vulnerability and risk associated with the water and soil. According to field survey data from Yujiakan, Qian'an City, and Hebei provinces, this paper analyzes the hydrogeological environmental mechanisms of areas adjacent to mine tailing reservoirs and establishes ...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and adhesion of ZrN films formed by reactive magnetron sputtering ion plating and dynamic ion mixing (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 2886-2891 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ceramic coatings of zirconium nitride have been fabricated on nickel, silicon, and M2 high-speed steel by methods of reactive magnetron sputtering ion plating (RMSP) and the dynamic ion mixing (DIM). The microhardness values of ZrN film prepared by RMSP with different nitrogen partial pressure have been discussed. The scratch tests provide that the adhesion of ZrN film produced by dynamic ion mixing is better than that by reactive magnetron sputtering ion plating. Auger electron spectroscopy analysis is used to analyze the composition distribution of ZrN film prepared by DIM and indicates that there is a transitional layer between the ZrN film and substrate. Meanwhile, by cross-sectional and the plan-view transmission electron microscopy, it is observed that the interlayer of amorphous structure exists in the interface zone between ZrN film and substrate. According to the analysis of energy-dispersive x-ray analysis patterns, the composition of this amorphous region fabricated by RMSP is Ni51Zr49 (≈NiZr), as is that fabricated by DIM. (Up to now it has not been reported that the amorphous transitional layer occurs in reactive magnetron sputtering ion plating). The reason why the adhesion of coating by DIM is better than that by RMSP is not the formation of the transitional layer in ion-beam-assisted deposition but the particle bombardment effects on the bulk of the thin film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354642
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lithographic processing of YBa2Cu3O7 thin films: Impact on electrical contacts (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 6167-6171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Silver contact pads to c-axis-oriented thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) were defined using three different techniques: (1) deposition through stencil masks; (2) liftoff; and (3) Ar plasma etching of in situ deposited Ag. A specific contact resistance of ρc(77 K) = 1 × 10−7 Ω cm2 was found for the in situ deposited contacts. Contacts defined with stencil masks and liftoff showed a ρc(77 K) ∼ 10−5 and ∼ 10−2 Ω cm2, respectively. Core-level photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate that the resist and acetone applied to the YBCO thin film during patterning do not introduce surface impurity phases in addition to those formed upon air exposure. Distinct chemical shifts originating from process-induced surface impurity phases were observed in photoelectron spectra taken on films prepared for contact definition by liftoff, i.e., exposed to the lithographic developer and deionized water. These findings correlate with the measured increase in contact resistance. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy images of an in situ deposited Ag contact unveil a 20–30-A(ring)-thick interface layer, in which the 12 A(ring) periodicity along the YBCO c axis vanishes. The presence of this layer could explain the absence of Josephson effects in YBCO/noble-metal/low-Tc superconductor junctions where the currents are forced to flow perpendicular to the a-b planes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350425
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion beam syntheses and microstructure studies of a new FeSi2 phase (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 3306-3309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Iron-silicide has been formed by ion implantation of iron into silicon (111). In the as-implanted sample, a new type of orthorhombic FeSi2 phase was found. Although the lattice parameters of the new phase are the same as those of the known semiconductor β-FeSi2, its point group and space group were different and determined to be mmm and Pbca, respectively. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363240
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Processing dependence of the interfacial microstructure of Ag contacts to YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 836-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interfacial microstructure of three differently prepared silver contacts on c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) thin films was examined using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). For contacts prepared in situ by Ag sputter deposition on films maintained at elevated temperature and ex situ by Ag vapor deposition on films annealed in ultrahigh vacuum prior to metallization, regions of atomically sharp YBCO(001)/Ag interfaces were observed. In contrast, the cross-section HRTEM images of contacts prepared by in situ Ag deposition at room temperature reveal an amorphous interfacial zone, typically 20 A(ring) thick. Scattered Y2O3 precipitates are found at the YBCO surface of all three contacts. The data suggest that intrinsic reactions between Ag and YBCO(001) are negligible, and that the amorphous interface layer for in situ contacts to cold films must be ascribed to reactions with gaseous impurities in the sputter chamber ambient. In conclusion, we strongly emphasize the importance of using ultrahigh purity process gases in order to avoid formation of a resistive interfacial barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.109870
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission electron microscopy study of Ag contacts to a- and c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7 thin films (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 498-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interface atomic structure of in situ sputter deposited silver contacts to a- and c-axis oriented thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) was investigated with cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A structurally disordered interface layer, approximately 25 A(ring) thick, was found for Ag contacts to c-axis oriented films. Electron diffraction analysis provides clear evidence for loss of the 11.7 A(ring) lattice periodicity along the YBCO c-axis in this zone. No such disordered interface layer could be identified in TEM images of Ag contacts to a-axis oriented films. These findings may have important bearing on fabrication of high Tc proximity coupled superconductor/normal metal/superconductor Josephson devices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.106612
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  • 17
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    Coseismic Surface Ruptures Associated with the 2014 Mw 6.9 Yutian Earthquake on the Altyn Tagh Fault, Tibetan Plateau (2016)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-07
    Description: Field investigations reveal that the 2014 M w  6.9 Yutian earthquake on the left-lateral strike-slip Altyn Tagh fault (ATF) system, Tibetan Plateau, produced an ~25-km-long surface rupture zone that contains conjugate Riedel shear faults. The coseismic surface ruptures occurred mainly along two parallel east-northeast-trending active left-lateral strike-slip faults. Rupture also occurred in a conjugate, west-northwest-trending zone along an active right-lateral strike-slip fault. The east-northeast-trending ruptures are concentrated in a zone of 〈500-m wide and ~25-km long, and are characterized by Riedel shear structures including distinct shear faults (Y) with a maximum sinistral displacement of ~1 m, right-stepping en echelon cracks, and mole tracks. In contrast, the west-northwest-trending ruptures occur within a zone of up to 1.5-km wide and ~4-km long in the jog area between the two parallel east-northeast-trending faults, and this zone is characterized by discontinuous shear faults with dextral displacements of 〈0.5 m, left-stepping en echelon cracks, and mole tracks, all oriented oblique to the east-northeast-trending rupture zones at an angle of 30°–40°. The lengths and displacements of the coseismic surface ruptures measured in the field are comparable with those obtained from the empirical relationships between magnitude and coseismic surface rupture length and displacement. Our findings demonstrate that the coseismic conjugate Riedel faulting was controlled mainly by preexisting active faults of the ATF system, reflecting the present-day tectonic stress field associated with the ongoing penetration of the Indian Plate into the Eurasian Plate.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 18
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    Modeling and characterization of carbon nanotube agglomeration effect on electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube polymer composites (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-20
    Description: This paper investigated the effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) agglomeration on the electrical conductivity of CNT-polymer composites by experimental characterization and theoretical modeling. The present experimental results show that the acid treatment of CNTs has significantly alleviated the CNT agglomeration in CNT-polymer composites and improved the electrical conductivity of the composites compared with CNT-polymer composites made from the same pristine CNTs. The improvement by the acid treatment is further studied by a multiscale CNT percolation network model that considers the CNT agglomeration based on experimental observation. Numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The smaller the size of CNT agglomerates is in the experiments, the closer the measured electrical conductivity of CNT-polymer composites is to its theoretical limit. The current study verifies that (i) the CNT agglomeration is the main cause that leads to a lower electrical conductivity of CNT-polymer composites than their theoretical limit, and (ii) the current multiscale percolation network model can quantitatively predict the electrical conductivity of CNT-polymer composites with CNT agglomeration. The comprehensiveness of the developed modeling approach enables an evaluation of results in conjunction with experimental data in future works.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 19
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    Coseismic Surface Ruptures Associated with the 2014 Mw 6.9 Yutian Earthquake on the Altyn Tagh Fault, Tibetan Plateau [Article] (2016)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-15
    Description: Field investigations reveal that the 2014 M w  6.9 Yutian earthquake on the left-lateral strike-slip Altyn Tagh fault (ATF) system, Tibetan Plateau, produced an ~25-km-long surface rupture zone that contains conjugate Riedel shear faults. The coseismic surface ruptures occurred mainly along two parallel east-northeast-trending active left-lateral strike-slip faults. Rupture also occurred in a conjugate, west-northwest-trending zone along an active right-lateral strike-slip fault. The east-northeast-trending ruptures are concentrated in a zone of 〈500-m wide and ~25-km long, and are characterized by Riedel shear structures including distinct shear faults (Y) with a maximum sinistral displacement of ~1 m, right-stepping en echelon cracks, and mole tracks. In contrast, the west-northwest-trending ruptures occur within a zone of up to 1.5-km wide and ~4-km long in the jog area between the two parallel east-northeast-trending faults, and this zone is characterized by discontinuous shear faults with dextral displacements of 〈0.5 m, left-stepping en echelon cracks, and mole tracks, all oriented oblique to the east-northeast-trending rupture zones at an angle of 30°–40°. The lengths and displacements of the coseismic surface ruptures measured in the field are comparable with those obtained from the empirical relationships between magnitude and coseismic surface rupture length and displacement. Our findings demonstrate that the coseismic conjugate Riedel faulting was controlled mainly by preexisting active faults of the ATF system, reflecting the present-day tectonic stress field associated with the ongoing penetration of the Indian Plate into the Eurasian Plate.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 20
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    Hydraulic analysis and optimization design in Guri rehabilitation project (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-14
    Description: Recently Dongfang was awarded the contract for rehabilitation of 6 units in Guri power plant, the biggest hydro power project in Venezuela. The rehabilitation includes, but not limited to, the extension of output capacity by about 50% and enhancement of efficiency level. To achieve the targets the runner and the guide vanes will be replaced by the newly optimized designs. In addition, the out-of-date stay vanes with straight plate shape will be modified into proper profiles after considering the application feasibility in field. The runner and vane profiles were optimized by using state-of-the-art flow simulation techniques. And the hydraulic performances were confirmed by the following model tests. This paper describes the flow analysis during the optimization procedure and the comparison between various technical concepts.
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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