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  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International  (121)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (29)
  • 1
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    Coding and Non-Coding RNA Abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder (2019)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-19
    Description: The molecular mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder (BPD) have remained largely unknown. Postmortem brain tissue studies comparing BPD patients with healthy controls have produced a heterogeneous array of potentially implicated protein-coding RNAs. We hypothesized that dysregulation of not only coding, but multiple classes of RNA (coding RNA, long non-coding (lnc) RNA, circular (circ) RNA, and/or alternative splicing) underlie the pathogenesis of BPD. Using non-polyadenylated libraries we performed RNA sequencing in postmortem human medial frontal gyrus tissue from BPD patients and healthy controls. Twenty genes, some of which not previously implicated in BPD, were differentially expressed (DE). PCR validation and replication confirmed the implication of these DE genes. Functional in silico analyses identified enrichment of angiogenesis, vascular system development and histone H3-K4 demethylation. In addition, ten lncRNA transcripts were differentially expressed. Furthermore, an overall increased number of alternative splicing events in BPD was detected, as well as an increase in the number of genes carrying alternative splicing events. Finally, a large reservoir of circRNAs populating brain tissue not affected by BPD is described, while in BPD altered levels of two circular transcripts, cNEBL and cEPHA3, are reported. cEPHA3, hitherto unlinked to BPD, is implicated in developmental processes in the central nervous system. Although we did not perform replication analyses of non-coding RNA findings, our findings hint that RNA dysregulation in BPD is not limited to coding regions, opening avenues for future pharmacological investigations and biomarker research.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4425
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic excitation and oscillator strength of ethyl bromide by vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption and electron energy loss spectroscopy (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 6285-6292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The high resolution vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption spectrum of ethyl bromide has been recorded between 5 and 10.15 eV (248–122 nm) using synchrotron radiation. It exhibits a broad structureless valence band centred at 6.1 eV of low cross section followed by a region dominated by excitation of Rydberg states. A high resolution photoelectron spectrum (PES) of the lowest energy ionization band has been obtained and provides ionization energies necessary for identification of related Rydberg-excited states. Also, analysis of the vibrational fine structure in the PES has allowed identification of the normal vibrational modes excited and their wave numbers in the ion. These data, in turn, have been used in the assignment of the lowest energy photoabsorption bands arising from electron excitation into the 5s Rydberg orbital. The electron energy loss spectrum, recorded from 6.5 to 14.1 eV, under electric-dipole conditions, confirms the magnitude of the photoabsorption cross-section values obtained using the synchrotron radiation and extends the differential and optical oscillator strength values up to 14.004 eV. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481273
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    InP/GaAs self-assembled nanostructures: Modelization and experiment (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 1931-1933 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The initial stages of the three-dimensional metal organic vapor phase epitaxy growth of InP/GaAs have been studied by atomic force microscopy and Rutherford backscattering. The results are compared with the predictions of an equilibrium model that predicts an in-plane critical size for island formation. At low growth rates the model fits well the experiments while it needs to be further developed to include kinetic effects at higher growth rates. The experiments indicate a Stranski–Krastanow growth mode with a critical thickness of 2.1 ML. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362944
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic excitation and oscillator strength of ethyl iodide by VUV photoabsorption and electron energy loss spectroscopy (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 10307-10315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A high resolution VUV photoabsorption spectrum of ethyl iodide has been recorded between 4 and 10.2 eV (310–120 nm) using synchrotron radiation. The spectrum consists of a broad structureless absorption band centered at 4.78 eV, followed by a region dominated by excitation of Rydberg states. A high resolution photoelectron spectrum (PES) of the lowest energy ionization band has been obtained and provides ionization energies necessary for identification of related Rydberg-excited states. Also, analysis of the vibrational fine structure in the PES has allowed identification of the normal vibrational modes excited and their wave numbers in the ion. These, in turn, have been used in the assignment of the lowest energy photoabsorption bands arising from electron excitation into the 6s Rydberg orbital. An electron energy loss spectrum has also been recorded from 5.8 to 14.2 eV, under electric-dipole conditions. It confirms the magnitude of the photoabsorption cross section values obtained using the synchrotron radiation and extends the differential and optical oscillator strength values up to 14.2 eV. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.478964
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dense radiating deuterium Z-pinch plasma (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 4154-4162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The radiative emission from a frozen deuterium Z-pinch driven by a slowly rising current (∼3 kA/ns) is investigated. This approach is in marked contrast to the standard radiating Z-pinch plasma which is driven by a rapid-current rise leading to a fast implosion. The slow pinch is modeled as a quasistatic contraction subject to Bennett-pressure equilibrium and driven by a constant generator voltage of 200 kV. Electron degeneracy is approximately accounted for in the pressure, however, the resistivity is taken as purely classical. The bremsstrahlung spectrum transitions from thin to nearly thick during the collapse phase. The predictions from this simple model suggests that this approach may have interesting applications as a radiation source in the kilovolt regime. In particular, we find that a deuterium plasma of 1018 cm−1 line density yields ∼60 kJ of radiation above 3 keV while undergoing a radiative collapse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344000
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron energy deposition in an electron-beam pumped KrF amplifier: Impact of the gas composition (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1200-1206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Calculations for electron deposition in electron beam generated KrF laser at atmospheric pressure have been performed. The impact of the Ar/Kr/F2 gas mixture on the electron energy distribution function, electron density, and mean energy, energy per electron–ion pair, attachment, dissociation, excitation, and ionization rates have been investigated. The F2 abundance controls the low energy ((approximately-less-than)9 eV) component of the distribution function, while both the fluorine and krypton mole fraction affect the distribution in the midenergy domain (9 to ∼25 eV). Consequently, the F2 attachment rate coefficient varies with the F2 mole fraction (xF2) such that the electron density scales as 1/xF20.7. The rate coefficient for direct dissociation of F2 is smaller than for attachment but the former contributes more to the total power dissipation (∼8% at xF2=0.01). The excitation-to-ionization ratio for Kr is not constant, as generally assumed, but increases by a factor of two with a decrease in either the Kr or F2 abundance. Combining the former and present investigations leads to a set of fitting formulas to be used in beam kinetics codes for various collision rates as a function of both the electron beam power density and the composition. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1491592
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of coolants for achieving short-wavelength recombination lasing (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A promising approach for reducing the operating wavelength of x-ray lasers is the generation of population inversions via recombination in rapidly cooling plasmas. We have examined the relative merits of radiative and hydrodynamic cooling in a freely expanding plasma. The specific lasing scheme studied is recombination in heliumlike silicon, but the general results apply to other elements and ionization stages which are capable of generating gain in the soft x-ray region. We find that the higher radiative cooling rates obtained by mixing the silicon lasant with a high atomic number coolant are more than offset by the reduced expansion cooling brought on by the higher mass density associated with the high-Z elements. Specific results are presented for hydrogen, carbon, aluminum, and selenium coolants mixed with silicon lasant. The present results do not apply to magnetically confined lasant plasmas where high-Z radiators might be valuable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347139
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A systematic investigation and characterization of interfacial hydrated n-alkane films by total internal multiple reflection (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 82 (1985), S. 1021-1024 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present the first systematic investigation by the technique of total internal optical reflection of a homologous series of low molecular weight alkanes adsorbed as hydrated films on a glass surface. The detected optical signals for these hydrated alkanes can be shown to depend empirically on the square of their molar refractivity times an optical depolarization scaling parameter. Relative scattering cross-section measurements between a hydrated film of methane and a water film allowed for an estimate to be made of the number of water molecules which surround the methane molecule in the "cage-like'' hydrate structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.448569
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical detection and comparison of rare gas clathrate hydrate interfacial films with those of the simple n-alkane series (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 5998-6000 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stable rare gas clathrate hydrate films adsorbed on a glass surface have been successfully produced under saturated air–gas dynamic equilibrium flow conditions at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. With the exception of helium, these structures could be detected by transmittance changes employing the technique of total internal multiple reflection. It is shown experimentally that the measured transmittance variations between these hydrated gas films depend nearly linearly on their molar refractions as contrasted with the previously studied simple n-alkane series, which exhibited a highly nonlinear behavior as a function of molar refraction. The differences in the optical behavior contrasted between these two series of nonpolar gases were compared with their measured bulk solubility properties in water as a function of their size and shape within the clathrate structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449633
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient tabulated collisional radiative equilibrium radiation transport model suitable for multidimensional hydrodynamics calculations (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 3480-3489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A computationally efficient method for transporting radiation in multidimensional plasmas has been developed and evaluated. The basis of this method is a uniform plasma approximation that allows one to utilize existing escape probability techniques that are successfully used in one-dimensional (1D) calculations to approximately solve the multidimensional radiation transport problem. This method is superior to diffusion methods because (1) the probability of escape technique insures that the plasma goes to the correct optically thin and thick limits, (2) the effects of line absorption due to photoexcitations are modeled, and (3) this method uses source functions that are based on a self-consistent nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium calculation, not an ad hoc assumption that the source functions are Planckian. This method is highly efficient because equation of state information from 1D calculations is tabulated as a function of plasma internal energy, ion density, and the line probability of escape from a uniform plasma, and then used in multidimensional calculations. Given the internal energy and ion density, and by calculating the line probability of escape from a zone of the multidimensional plasma, the equation of state, including emissivities and absorption coefficients, of the zone is determined from the table. Total radiative power, K-shell radiative power, total radiative yield, K-shell radiative yield, and plasma density and temperature profiles obtained from 1D Z-pinch calculations employing this method are in good agreement with the same powers, yields, and profiles calculated using a full radiation transport model. This method has been implemented in the 2D plasma radiating imploding source model code [F. L. Cochran et al., Phys. Plasmas 2, 2765 (1995)] to determine the influence of radiation transport in argon Z-pinch experiments performed on the Z machine [R. B. Spielman et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)] at Sandia National Laboratories. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1373415
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