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  • Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering  (38)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (38)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Springer Nature
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerosol Charge Neutralization by a Radioactive Alpha Source (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 3 (1986), S. 111-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The performance of a Po-210 radioactive ionizer for aerosol charge neutralization and bipolar charging has been evaluated. Monodisperse neutral and singly charged aerosols have been passed through the ionizer and their approach to the steady-state Boltzmann charge measured by measuring the fraction of particles that are electrically charged. The result shows that an Nt of approximately 2.5 × 105 cm-3 s is needed for the development of a steady-state charge fraction equal to that given by the Boltzmann' s law where N is the ion concentration and t is the residence time of the aerosol in the neutralizer. In addition, the performance of the ionizer for particle charge neutralization in a vibrating-orifice aerosol generator has been evaluated and the result shows that the source is less effective for this application and the residual charge on the particles is considerably higher than that given by the Boltzmann's law.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19860030304
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an Automatic System for Measuring Particle Charge and Size distributions in a clean room (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 8 (1991), S. 200-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An automatic measuring system was developed to perform simultaneous measurements of particle size and charge distributions in a clean room and other aerosol sources. The system consists of an electrostatic condenser (EC) and an optical particle counter (OPC), which are controlled by a personal computer (PC). The PC automatically varies the voltage on the EC and converts the corresponding OPC counts to charge distributions. The reliabilities of the data inversion method and the automatic measuring system were confirmed by theoretical and experimental examinations, respectively. In the theoretical examination, inverted charge distributions were tested and compared with various assumed input distributions. In the experiment where monodisperse aerosols neutralized by a 85Kr neutralizer were used, the measurement results agreed well with the theoretical Boltzmann charge distribution. The application of this technique is demonstrated by the measurement of charge and size distributions of aerosols in a clean room.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19910080137
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Optical Particle Counting System for Testing Industrial Pulse-Cleaned Cartridge Dust Collectors (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 3 (1986), S. 68-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An optical particle counting system has been developed for testing industrial pulse-cleaned cartridge dust collectors. The system is applied to measure fractional penetration of a full scale dust collector and to study its short term and long term dynamic behavior. Results show collector efficiencies for dust loadings of 23 g/m3 exceeding 99.999% over the particle size range from 0.5 μm to 10 μm, with a minimum fractional penetration occurring at approximately 2 μm.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19860030205
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inulin hydrolysis to fructose by a novel catalyst (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 18 (1995), S. 440-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0930-7516
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Acidic zeolite LZ-M-8 was used to catalyse the hydrolysis reaction of inulin into fructose. Fructose contents of 96% and 75% were obtained when commercial inulin and Jerusalem artichoke extract were used respectively as substrates. Zeolite LZ-M-8 was found to be extremely selective towards inulin hydrolysis as compared to fructose decomposition. Formation of hydroxymethyl furfural (HmF) was not detected and it was confirmed that zeolite LZ-M-8 does not adsorb HMF. The catalytic activity of the zeolite remained intact upon repeated use of the catalyst. The superiority of the zeolite over other catalysts used in inulin hydrolysis was demonstrated experimentally.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270180612
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibration of the electrical aerosol analyzer at subambient pressures (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 11 (1994), S. 159-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A commercial Electrical Aerosol Analyzer (EAA, TSI Inc. model 3030) was calibrated experimentally at three subambient pressures (i. e., 0.901, 0.878, and 0.853 atm). Each calibration resulted in a 19 × 11 response matrix and a size dependent sensitivity curve \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left({\frac{{pA}}{{{\# \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {\# {cm^3}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {cm^3}}}}} \right) $\end{document}. The results of the calibration were incorporated into a data reduction computer program for size distribution inversion. The accuracy of the calibration was tested by measuring the size distribution of a NaCl polydisperse aerosol at the three subambient pressures. All the tests gave good agreement in the inverted mean geometric diameter and geometric standard deviation of the aerosol number size distribution.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19940110209
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport and Deposition of Wear Particles in Computer Disk Drives (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 9 (1992), S. 31-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To understand the roles that wear particles play in disk crashes, analytical and numerical approaches have been used to study three dimensional fluid flow and wear particle transport and deposition in computer disk drives. The study shows that wear particles are flying very close to the disk surface. They can deposit on the disk surface and cause damage to disk drives. Cooling air flow through the disk hub of corotating disks has been found to play important roles in removing wear particles from disk drives. Parametric study has shown that the optimum cooling air flow rate is 12 slpm for 8″ disk with the Reynolds number of 150,000.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19920090106
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of extraction techniques for butyltin compounds in sediment (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 5 (1991), S. 431-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Butyltin ; analysis ; sediment ; extraction ; ethylation ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: There have been many methods available for the determination of butyltin compounds in sediment. The variations of these methods are not in the methods of determination but rather in the extraction of these compounds from the complex matrices. All of these methods have not been critically compared or evaluated, mainly because of the lack of a suitable reference sediment for butyltin compounds.Recently, the National Research Council of Canada has introduced a reference sediment (PACS-1) which contains certified values of butyltin compounds. The present study compares the recoveries of ten extraction techniques for butyltin species using ethylation derivatization and GC AA as the method of determination. Of these ten methods, only four were found satisfactory for extraction of the dibutyltin and tributyltin species. None of the methods evaluated, however, could quantitatively extract monobutyltin from sediment.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590050510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size Characterization of Liquid-Borne Particles by light scattering counters (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 6 (1989), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The sizing accuracy of a commercially available laser optical liquid-borne particle counter is investigated. A calibration study, using aqueous suspensions of non-absorbing, monodisperse, spherical polymer particles, and a study using suspensions of non-spherical polydisperse, alumina particles are conducted. The experimental results from the spherical polymer study show an excellent agreement with the theoretical Mie light scattering calculations. The accuracy of the spherical polymer sizing is shown to be within 20% of the actual size. The alumina particle readings are compared to the readings of four different particle sizing instruments and to scanning electron microscope pictures. Although quantitative comparisons are difficult to make between the instruments, the results show a good agreement for the batch of particles with a narrower size distribution.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19890060117
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aerosol Generation from the Sanding, Cutting, and Breaking of Floor Tiles (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 7 (1990), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Various types of floor tile were tested in a controlled and isolated environment to determine quantitatively the wear rate and size characteristics of material generated from floor tile during operations of sanding, cutting, and breaking. Size characteristics were determined for the aerosolized fractions as well as the settled material worn from the tile surface. In addition to the vinyl composition tile, tests were also conducted with floor tile containing various amounts of glass fiber and sodium phosphate fibers. The tests were conducted in a specially designed glove box which allowed complete sampling and fractionization of the generated aerosol. Due to good measurement repeatability, aerosol generation differences from the various flooring types were determinable.A Frick-Taber accelerated wear machine was employed to establish comparative wear rates of the different flooring materials. Test results were repeatable and measured relative wear rates correlate well with published measurements. Results indicate that the presence of up to 13% glass fibers or phosphate fibers in the tile does not improve the tile's wear characteristics or significantly alter the size distribution of the generated material. Although asbestos-containing floor tile was not tested in this study, results from the simulant fiber tile tests may enable prediction of the behavior of vinyl-asbestos tile under the influence of similar wear mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19900070123
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sieving Capture of Liquidborne Particles by microporous membrane filtration media (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 8 (1991), S. 142-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Test methodology has been developed to measure the particle removal efficiency of microporous membrane filtration media under conditions in which sieving is the dominant particle capture mechanism. The methodology was used to determine the particle capture efficiency of a 0.45 μm membrane filter for removal of submicrometer sized particles from DI water. Particle capture was found to be a strong function of particle diameter, filter media thickness, and filter loading. Particle removal efficiency increased with increasing particle diameter and media thickness. It decreased with increased filter loading when the filters were challenged with the smaller particles used in this study. Removal efficiency initially decreased then subsequently increased during loading with larger particles. Capture was independent of filtration velocity and particle concentration. A sieving model was developed to predict particle capture by the filter media as a function of particle diameter, filter thickness and filter loading. The model was found to accurately predict breakthrough of monodisperse particle suspensions through the media. Particle breakthrough occurred more slowly than predicted when the filters were challenged with a polydisperse particle suspension.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.19910080126
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