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  • Articles  (83)
  • Springer  (68)
  • American Geophysical Union  (9)
  • American Chemical Society  (6)
  • Physics  (50)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (30)
  • Geosciences  (16)
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  • Articles  (83)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure dependence of vibrational Raman scattering of narrow-band, 248-nm, laser light by H2, N2, O2, CO2, CH4, C2H6, and C3H8 as high as 97 bar (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 865-871 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 33.20; 82.40; 82.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have previously investigated methods that image high-pressure processes such as combustion inside automobile cylinders and aircraft engines, or chemical phenomena in supercritical fluids. Here we show that vibrational Raman scattering can simply obtain, quantitatively, densities of some combustion-relevant molecules. We use narrow-band KrF excimer-laser light. Measurements for H2, N2, O2, CO2, and CH4 are in the pressure range from 1 to 60 bar, whereas those for C2H6 and C3H8 are up to their respective vapor pressures. All these species are at ambient temperature. Additional measurements are described for CO2 up to 96.8 bar and 318 K, where CO2 is a supercritical fluid. The O2 measurements are complicated by a photochemical formation of O3; those in supercritical CO2 by drastic bending of the laser beam within this medium. We show that, for each gas, the Raman signal is directly proportional to gas density, thereby making quantitative analysis particularly convenient. For each species, we present an estimate of its Raman cross-section relative to that of N2. However we recommend that future diagnostics users calibrate their own systems for relative species sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400000412
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cu-like Pd and Ag inner-shell photoionization phenomena (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 619-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 52.50.Jm ; 52.25.Nr
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have obtained results for converting focused laser radiation to X-ray line emissions in laser-heated NaF and Cu plasmas. These plasmas were used as the pump source for studying the phenomena of inner-shell photoionization of Zn-like ionic states. Soft X-ray emissions from transitions of 3d 94s 2 → 3d 104p in Cu-like Pd and Ag ions were observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081701
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of laser intensity and of lower-state rotational energy transfer upon temperature measurements made with laser-induced predissociative fluorescence (1998)
    Springer
    Applied physics 66 (1998), S. 251-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 32; 33; 42.30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: 2 (8) and Q2(11) in OH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400050384
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method in combination with finite element and boundary element approaches (2000)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 26 (2000), S. 536-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The meshless local Petrov–Galerkin (MLPG) method is an effective truly meshless method for solving partial differential equations using moving least squares (MLS) interpolants. It is, however, computationally expensive for some problems. A coupled MLPG/finite element (FE) method and a coupled MLPG/boundary element (BE) method are proposed in this paper to improve the solution efficiency. A procedure is developed for the coupled MLPG/FE method and the coupled MLPG/BE method so that the continuity and compatibility are preserved on the interface of the two domains where the MLPG and FE or BE methods are applied. The validity and efficiency of the MLPG/FE and MLPG/BE methods are demonstrated through a number of examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004660000203
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coupling of element free Galerkin and hybrid boundary element methods using modified variational formulation (2000)
    Springer
    Computational mechanics 26 (2000), S. 166-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  A novel method is proposed by coupling the element free Galerkin (EFG) and the hybrid boundary element (HBE) methods to achieve solution efficiency and accuracy for stress analysis in solids. A modified variational formulation is derived for the present coupled EFG/HBE method so that the continuity and compatibility can be preserved on the interface between the domains of EFG and HBE. The coupled EFG/HBE method has been coded in FORTRAN. The validity and efficiency of the proposed method are demonstrated through a number of example problems. It is found that the present method can take advantages of both EFG and HBE methods. The present method is very easy to implement, and very flexible for obtaining displacements and stresses of desired accuracy in solids, as the efforts for meshing the problem domain have been significantly reduced due to the use of boundary element method (BEM).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004660000164
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural shape optimization integrated with CAD environment (1990)
    Springer
    Structural and multidisciplinary optimization 2 (1990), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-1488
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The research work presented here is based on the concept of the integration of optimization techniques and numerical analysis with the finite element method (FEM) and computer-aided design (CAD). A microcomputer aided optimum design system, MCADS, has been developed for general structures. Certain techniques to be discussed in the paper, e.g. the semi-analytical method for design sensitivity analysis, optimization analysis modelling for shape design, application oriented user interfaces and the coupling of automated optimization and user intervention have rendered MCADS pratical and versatile in applications for engineering structures. The above techniques and an application are presented in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01743517
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural modelling and sensitivity analysis of shape optimization (1993)
    Springer
    Structural and multidisciplinary optimization 6 (1993), S. 29-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-1488
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract It is presented in this paper that the structural modelling of shape optimization is composed of, in general cases, four distinct processes on geometry, design, analysis and perturbation models. The relationships between these models are discussed. An integrated modelling approach based on geometric shape parameterization and automatic mesh generation is proposed. In cooperation with this modelling approach, the semi-analytic sensitivity analysis has been effectively employed. These techniques join shape optimization with FEM and CAD packages and apply it versatilely to optimum designs of general structures. The implementation and applications of the integrated modelling approach and semi-analytic sensitivity analysis to shape optimization of structures with coupling of stress and temperature fields are illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01743172
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon nitride films prepared by ion implantation (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 15 (1996), S. 1355-1357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240806
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric resonance, local field distribution, and optical response in 3D resonant composites (2004)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 42 (2004), S. 165-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We extend the Green’s function formalism in a binary 2D composite to 3D. Using the formalism, we investigate the dielectric resonances, local-field distribution, and effective linear optical responses for one-bond, two-bond and three-bond clusters, as well as for various disordered composites. Due to the different values of Green’s function in 2D and 3D, for the same cluster, the values of the dielectric resonances in 3D are smaller than those in 2D, but the fields are more localized than those in 2D. The sum rule of dielectric resonance in three-component composites is extended to d dimensions. For the same resonance, the intensity of the local-field in 3D is also weaker than that in the 2D case, but the fields are more localized than those in 2D. For the disordered composites in 2D and 3D, inverse participation ratios (IPR) with q = 2 are used to represent the localization of the field. When we increase the concentration of impurity bonds, a blue shift of IPR peaks occurs in 3D, while in 2D, these peaks are very stable. Finally, both for 2D and 3D disordered composites, the absorption range broadens with increasing impurity concentration, and a red shift of the absorption peak is observed in 3D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2004-00368-5
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of Two-Dimensional Effect in the Measurement of Thermal Diffusivity of Thin Films with an AC Calorimetric Method1 (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 21 (2000), S. 525-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: ac calorimetric method ; thermal diffusivity ; thin film ; two-dimensional effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An ac calorimetric method for measuring the thermal diffusivity of thin-film materials has been widely applied. In the application of this method, the systematic errors caused by the heat loss effect, the edge reflection effect, etc., have been analyzed and corresponding correction methods have been developed. But when measuring films with low thermal diffusivity or with thickness comparable to the thermal diffusion length, a two-dimensional effect which will also result in a systematic error of the measurement is present. In this paper, the mechanism of two-dimensional heat conduction within a thin sample which is supplied a periodic heat flux by a chopped light beam is analyzed. A numerical analysis method is developed to study the effect of the two-dimensional heat conduction on the measured thermal diffusivity values. The relations between the measured thermal diffusivity and independent parameters such as frequency, thickness of sample, width of light spot, etc., are demonstrated to indicate the two-dimensional effect. The experimental precondition for minimizing the systematic error caused by the two-dimensional effect is determined. In addition, the analysis method presented in this paper should be useful for more difficult problems such as error estimation of the thermal diffusivity measurement of coatings or composite films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006608302119
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