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  • Articles  (17)
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA  (6)
  • Base Sequence  (5)
  • Population Dynamics  (5)
  • Chemistry  (4)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (17)
  • Medicine  (17)
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  • Articles  (17)
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (17)
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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-05-27
    Description: Biomass-degrading microorganisms use lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) enzymes to help digest cellulose, chitin, and starch. By cleaving otherwise inaccessible crystalline cellulose chains, these enzymes provide access to hydrolytic enzymes. LPMOs are of interest to biotechnology because efficient depolymerization of cellulose is a major bottleneck for the production of biologically based chemicals and fuels. On page 1098 of this issue, Kracher et al. (1) compare LPMO-reducing substrates in fungi from different taxonomic groups and lifestyles, based on both biochemical and genomic evidence. The results provide insights into reductive activation of LPMO that are important for developing more efficient industrial enzymes for lignocellulose biorefineries. Author: Angel T. Martínez
    Keywords: Chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2002-12-14
    Description: The first chordates appear in the fossil record at the time of the Cambrian explosion, nearly 550 million years ago. The modern ascidian tadpole represents a plausible approximation to these ancestral chordates. To illuminate the origins of chordate and vertebrates, we generated a draft of the protein-coding portion of the genome of the most studied ascidian, Ciona intestinalis. The Ciona genome contains approximately 16,000 protein-coding genes, similar to the number in other invertebrates, but only half that found in vertebrates. Vertebrate gene families are typically found in simplified form in Ciona, suggesting that ascidians contain the basic ancestral complement of genes involved in cell signaling and development. The ascidian genome has also acquired a number of lineage-specific innovations, including a group of genes engaged in cellulose metabolism that are related to those in bacteria and fungi.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dehal, Paramvir -- Satou, Yutaka -- Campbell, Robert K -- Chapman, Jarrod -- Degnan, Bernard -- De Tomaso, Anthony -- Davidson, Brad -- Di Gregorio, Anna -- Gelpke, Maarten -- Goodstein, David M -- Harafuji, Naoe -- Hastings, Kenneth E M -- Ho, Isaac -- Hotta, Kohji -- Huang, Wayne -- Kawashima, Takeshi -- Lemaire, Patrick -- Martinez, Diego -- Meinertzhagen, Ian A -- Necula, Simona -- Nonaka, Masaru -- Putnam, Nik -- Rash, Sam -- Saiga, Hidetoshi -- Satake, Masanobu -- Terry, Astrid -- Yamada, Lixy -- Wang, Hong-Gang -- Awazu, Satoko -- Azumi, Kaoru -- Boore, Jeffrey -- Branno, Margherita -- Chin-Bow, Stephen -- DeSantis, Rosaria -- Doyle, Sharon -- Francino, Pilar -- Keys, David N -- Haga, Shinobu -- Hayashi, Hiroko -- Hino, Kyosuke -- Imai, Kaoru S -- Inaba, Kazuo -- Kano, Shungo -- Kobayashi, Kenji -- Kobayashi, Mari -- Lee, Byung-In -- Makabe, Kazuhiro W -- Manohar, Chitra -- Matassi, Giorgio -- Medina, Monica -- Mochizuki, Yasuaki -- Mount, Steve -- Morishita, Tomomi -- Miura, Sachiko -- Nakayama, Akie -- Nishizaka, Satoko -- Nomoto, Hisayo -- Ohta, Fumiko -- Oishi, Kazuko -- Rigoutsos, Isidore -- Sano, Masako -- Sasaki, Akane -- Sasakura, Yasunori -- Shoguchi, Eiichi -- Shin-i, Tadasu -- Spagnuolo, Antoinetta -- Stainier, Didier -- Suzuki, Miho M -- Tassy, Olivier -- Takatori, Naohito -- Tokuoka, Miki -- Yagi, Kasumi -- Yoshizaki, Fumiko -- Wada, Shuichi -- Zhang, Cindy -- Hyatt, P Douglas -- Larimer, Frank -- Detter, Chris -- Doggett, Norman -- Glavina, Tijana -- Hawkins, Trevor -- Richardson, Paul -- Lucas, Susan -- Kohara, Yuji -- Levine, Michael -- Satoh, Nori -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- HD-37105/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 13;298(5601):2157-67.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12481130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Base Sequence ; Cellulose/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/physiology ; Ciona intestinalis/anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics/physiology ; Computational Biology ; Endocrine System/physiology ; Gene Dosage ; Gene Duplication ; Genes ; Genes, Homeobox ; *Genome ; Heart/embryology/physiology ; Immunity/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Muscle Proteins/genetics ; Organizers, Embryonic/physiology ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity ; Thyroid Gland/physiology ; Urochordata/genetics ; Vertebrates/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1992-03-13
    Description: Oncostatin M, a cytokine produced by activated lymphoid cells, regulates the growth and differentiation of a number of tumor and normal cells. In contrast to its effects on normal endothelial and aortic smooth muscle cell cultures, Oncostatin M was a potent mitogen for cells derived from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma (AIDS-KS). After exposure to Oncostatin M, AIDS-KS cells assumed a spindle morphology, had an increased ability to proliferate in soft agar, and secreted increased amounts of interleukin-6. Oncostatin M RNA and immunoreactive Oncostatin M protein were found in AIDS-KS-derived cell isolates. These results suggest that Oncostatin M may play a role in the pathogenesis of AIDS-KS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miles, S A -- Martinez-Maza, O -- Rezai, A -- Magpantay, L -- Kishimoto, T -- Nakamura, S -- Radka, S F -- Linsley, P S -- AI27660/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA 01588/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1432-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉UCLA AIDS Center 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1542793" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*complications ; Base Sequence ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Growth Substances/biosynthesis/*physiology ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis ; Oncostatin M ; Peptide Biosynthesis ; Peptides/*physiology ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/etiology/metabolism/*pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2007-10-13
    Description: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga whose lineage diverged from land plants over 1 billion years ago. It is a model system for studying chloroplast-based photosynthesis, as well as the structure, assembly, and function of eukaryotic flagella (cilia), which were inherited from the common ancestor of plants and animals, but lost in land plants. We sequenced the approximately 120-megabase nuclear genome of Chlamydomonas and performed comparative phylogenomic analyses, identifying genes encoding uncharacterized proteins that are likely associated with the function and biogenesis of chloroplasts or eukaryotic flagella. Analyses of the Chlamydomonas genome advance our understanding of the ancestral eukaryotic cell, reveal previously unknown genes associated with photosynthetic and flagellar functions, and establish links between ciliopathy and the composition and function of flagella.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2875087/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2875087/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Merchant, Sabeeha S -- Prochnik, Simon E -- Vallon, Olivier -- Harris, Elizabeth H -- Karpowicz, Steven J -- Witman, George B -- Terry, Astrid -- Salamov, Asaf -- Fritz-Laylin, Lillian K -- Marechal-Drouard, Laurence -- Marshall, Wallace F -- Qu, Liang-Hu -- Nelson, David R -- Sanderfoot, Anton A -- Spalding, Martin H -- Kapitonov, Vladimir V -- Ren, Qinghu -- Ferris, Patrick -- Lindquist, Erika -- Shapiro, Harris -- Lucas, Susan M -- Grimwood, Jane -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Cardol, Pierre -- Cerutti, Heriberto -- Chanfreau, Guillaume -- Chen, Chun-Long -- Cognat, Valerie -- Croft, Martin T -- Dent, Rachel -- Dutcher, Susan -- Fernandez, Emilio -- Fukuzawa, Hideya -- Gonzalez-Ballester, David -- Gonzalez-Halphen, Diego -- Hallmann, Armin -- Hanikenne, Marc -- Hippler, Michael -- Inwood, William -- Jabbari, Kamel -- Kalanon, Ming -- Kuras, Richard -- Lefebvre, Paul A -- Lemaire, Stephane D -- Lobanov, Alexey V -- Lohr, Martin -- Manuell, Andrea -- Meier, Iris -- Mets, Laurens -- Mittag, Maria -- Mittelmeier, Telsa -- Moroney, James V -- Moseley, Jeffrey -- Napoli, Carolyn -- Nedelcu, Aurora M -- Niyogi, Krishna -- Novoselov, Sergey V -- Paulsen, Ian T -- Pazour, Greg -- Purton, Saul -- Ral, Jean-Philippe -- Riano-Pachon, Diego Mauricio -- Riekhof, Wayne -- Rymarquis, Linda -- Schroda, Michael -- Stern, David -- Umen, James -- Willows, Robert -- Wilson, Nedra -- Zimmer, Sara Lana -- Allmer, Jens -- Balk, Janneke -- Bisova, Katerina -- Chen, Chong-Jian -- Elias, Marek -- Gendler, Karla -- Hauser, Charles -- Lamb, Mary Rose -- Ledford, Heidi -- Long, Joanne C -- Minagawa, Jun -- Page, M Dudley -- Pan, Junmin -- Pootakham, Wirulda -- Roje, Sanja -- Rose, Annkatrin -- Stahlberg, Eric -- Terauchi, Aimee M -- Yang, Pinfen -- Ball, Steven -- Bowler, Chris -- Dieckmann, Carol L -- Gladyshev, Vadim N -- Green, Pamela -- Jorgensen, Richard -- Mayfield, Stephen -- Mueller-Roeber, Bernd -- Rajamani, Sathish -- Sayre, Richard T -- Brokstein, Peter -- Dubchak, Inna -- Goodstein, David -- Hornick, Leila -- Huang, Y Wayne -- Jhaveri, Jinal -- Luo, Yigong -- Martinez, Diego -- Ngau, Wing Chi Abby -- Otillar, Bobby -- Poliakov, Alexander -- Porter, Aaron -- Szajkowski, Lukasz -- Werner, Gregory -- Zhou, Kemin -- Grigoriev, Igor V -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- Grossman, Arthur R -- GM07185/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM42143/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM032843/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM042143/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM042143-09/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM060992/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM062915-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM030626/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM042143/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Oct 12;318(5848):245-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932292" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algal Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/*genetics/physiology ; Chloroplasts/metabolism ; Computational Biology ; DNA, Algal/genetics ; Flagella/metabolism ; Genes ; *Genome ; Genomics ; Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Photosynthesis/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plants/genetics ; Proteome ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2009-12-08
    Description: Phytoplankton--the microalgae that populate the upper lit layers of the ocean--fuel the oceanic food web and affect oceanic and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels through photosynthetic carbon fixation. Here, we show that multidecadal changes in global phytoplankton abundances are related to basin-scale oscillations of the physical ocean, specifically the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. This relationship is revealed in approximately 20 years of satellite observations of chlorophyll and sea surface temperature. Interaction between the main pycnocline and the upper ocean seasonal mixed layer is one mechanism behind this correlation. Our findings provide a context for the interpretation of contemporary changes in global phytoplankton and should improve predictions of their future evolution with climate change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martinez, Elodie -- Antoine, David -- D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio -- Gentili, Bernard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 27;326(5957):1253-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1177012.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉UPMC University of Paris 06, UMR 7093, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche (LOV), 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France. martinez@obs-vlfr.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965473" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atlantic Ocean ; Biomass ; Chlorophyll/*analysis ; *Climate ; *Ecosystem ; Global Warming ; Indian Ocean ; Oceans and Seas ; Pacific Ocean ; Phytoplankton/*physiology ; Population Dynamics ; Seasons ; *Seawater/chemistry ; Temperature ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2009-12-08
    Description: Maize domestication (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) resulted in a wide diversity of native landraces that represent an invaluable source of genetic information for exploring natural variation and genome evolution. We sequenced de novo the approximately 2-gigabase genome of the Mexican landrace Palomero Toluqueno (Palomero) and compared its features to those of the modern inbred line B73. We revealed differences concordant with its ancient origin and identified chromosomal regions of low nucleotide variability that contain domestication genes involved in heavy-metal detoxification. Our results indicate that environmental changes were important selective forces acting on maize domestication.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vielle-Calzada, Jean-Philippe -- Martinez de la Vega, Octavio -- Hernandez-Guzman, Gustavo -- Ibarra-Laclette, Enrique -- Alvarez-Mejia, Cesar -- Vega-Arreguin, Julio C -- Jimenez-Moraila, Beatriz -- Fernandez-Cortes, Araceli -- Corona-Armenta, Guillermo -- Herrera-Estrella, Luis -- Herrera-Estrella, Alfredo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Nov 20;326(5956):1078. doi: 10.1126/science.1178437.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratorio Nacional de Genomica para la Biodiversidad, CINVESTAV Irapuato, Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-Leon, 36500 Irapuato, Mexico.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19965420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Plant/genetics ; Crops, Agricultural/genetics/growth & development ; *Genes, Plant ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome, Plant ; Metals, Heavy/analysis/*metabolism/toxicity ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Selection, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Soil/analysis ; Zea mays/*genetics/growth & development/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2002-12-10
    Description: We have catalogued the protein kinase complement of the human genome (the "kinome") using public and proprietary genomic, complementary DNA, and expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences. This provides a starting point for comprehensive analysis of protein phosphorylation in normal and disease states, as well as a detailed view of the current state of human genome analysis through a focus on one large gene family. We identify 518 putative protein kinase genes, of which 71 have not previously been reported or described as kinases, and we extend or correct the protein sequences of 56 more kinases. New genes include members of well-studied families as well as previously unidentified families, some of which are conserved in model organisms. Classification and comparison with model organism kinomes identified orthologous groups and highlighted expansions specific to human and other lineages. We also identified 106 protein kinase pseudogenes. Chromosomal mapping revealed several small clusters of kinase genes and revealed that 244 kinases map to disease loci or cancer amplicons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Manning, G -- Whyte, D B -- Martinez, R -- Hunter, T -- Sudarsanam, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 6;298(5600):1912-34.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉SUGEN Inc., 230 East Grand Avenue, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA. gerard-manning@sugen.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12471243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Catalysis ; Chromosome Mapping ; Computational Biology ; Databases, Genetic ; Genes ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Protein Kinases/chemistry/classification/*genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Pseudogenes ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2004-05-29
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palmer, Margaret -- Bernhardt, Emily -- Chornesky, Elizabeth -- Collins, Scott -- Dobson, Andrew -- Duke, Clifford -- Gold, Barry -- Jacobson, Robert -- Kingsland, Sharon -- Kranz, Rhonda -- Mappin, Michael -- Martinez, M Luisa -- Micheli, Fiorenza -- Morse, Jennifer -- Pace, Michael -- Pascual, Mercedes -- Palumbi, Stephen -- Reichman, O J -- Simons, Ashley -- Townsend, Alan -- Turner, Monica -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 May 28;304(5675):1251-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. mpalmer@umd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15166349" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Communicable Diseases/transmission ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecology ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Forecasting ; Fresh Water ; Health ; Human Activities ; Humans ; Population Dynamics ; *Research ; Urbanization
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2003-08-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brose, Ulrich -- Williams, Richard J -- Martinez, Neo D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Aug 15;301(5635):918; author reply 918.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Romberg Tiburon Center, Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, CA 94920, USA. brose@sfsu.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12920282" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; *Ecosystem ; *Feeding Behavior ; *Food Chain ; *Models, Biological ; Population Dynamics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-07-06
    Description: Conical intersections play a critical role in excited-state dynamics of polyatomic molecules because they govern the reaction pathways of many nonadiabatic processes. However, ultrafast probes have lacked sufficient spatial resolution to image wave-packet trajectories through these intersections directly. Here, we present the simultaneous experimental characterization of one-photon and two-photon excitation channels in isolated CF 3 I molecules using ultrafast gas-phase electron diffraction. In the two-photon channel, we have mapped out the real-space trajectories of a coherent nuclear wave packet, which bifurcates onto two potential energy surfaces when passing through a conical intersection. In the one-photon channel, we have resolved excitation of both the umbrella and the breathing vibrational modes in the CF 3 fragment in multiple nuclear dimensions. These findings benchmark and validate ab initio nonadiabatic dynamics calculations.
    Keywords: Chemistry
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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