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  • 1
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    The draft genome of Ciona intestinalis: insights into chordate and vertebrate origins (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-12-14
    Description: The first chordates appear in the fossil record at the time of the Cambrian explosion, nearly 550 million years ago. The modern ascidian tadpole represents a plausible approximation to these ancestral chordates. To illuminate the origins of chordate and vertebrates, we generated a draft of the protein-coding portion of the genome of the most studied ascidian, Ciona intestinalis. The Ciona genome contains approximately 16,000 protein-coding genes, similar to the number in other invertebrates, but only half that found in vertebrates. Vertebrate gene families are typically found in simplified form in Ciona, suggesting that ascidians contain the basic ancestral complement of genes involved in cell signaling and development. The ascidian genome has also acquired a number of lineage-specific innovations, including a group of genes engaged in cellulose metabolism that are related to those in bacteria and fungi.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dehal, Paramvir -- Satou, Yutaka -- Campbell, Robert K -- Chapman, Jarrod -- Degnan, Bernard -- De Tomaso, Anthony -- Davidson, Brad -- Di Gregorio, Anna -- Gelpke, Maarten -- Goodstein, David M -- Harafuji, Naoe -- Hastings, Kenneth E M -- Ho, Isaac -- Hotta, Kohji -- Huang, Wayne -- Kawashima, Takeshi -- Lemaire, Patrick -- Martinez, Diego -- Meinertzhagen, Ian A -- Necula, Simona -- Nonaka, Masaru -- Putnam, Nik -- Rash, Sam -- Saiga, Hidetoshi -- Satake, Masanobu -- Terry, Astrid -- Yamada, Lixy -- Wang, Hong-Gang -- Awazu, Satoko -- Azumi, Kaoru -- Boore, Jeffrey -- Branno, Margherita -- Chin-Bow, Stephen -- DeSantis, Rosaria -- Doyle, Sharon -- Francino, Pilar -- Keys, David N -- Haga, Shinobu -- Hayashi, Hiroko -- Hino, Kyosuke -- Imai, Kaoru S -- Inaba, Kazuo -- Kano, Shungo -- Kobayashi, Kenji -- Kobayashi, Mari -- Lee, Byung-In -- Makabe, Kazuhiro W -- Manohar, Chitra -- Matassi, Giorgio -- Medina, Monica -- Mochizuki, Yasuaki -- Mount, Steve -- Morishita, Tomomi -- Miura, Sachiko -- Nakayama, Akie -- Nishizaka, Satoko -- Nomoto, Hisayo -- Ohta, Fumiko -- Oishi, Kazuko -- Rigoutsos, Isidore -- Sano, Masako -- Sasaki, Akane -- Sasakura, Yasunori -- Shoguchi, Eiichi -- Shin-i, Tadasu -- Spagnuolo, Antoinetta -- Stainier, Didier -- Suzuki, Miho M -- Tassy, Olivier -- Takatori, Naohito -- Tokuoka, Miki -- Yagi, Kasumi -- Yoshizaki, Fumiko -- Wada, Shuichi -- Zhang, Cindy -- Hyatt, P Douglas -- Larimer, Frank -- Detter, Chris -- Doggett, Norman -- Glavina, Tijana -- Hawkins, Trevor -- Richardson, Paul -- Lucas, Susan -- Kohara, Yuji -- Levine, Michael -- Satoh, Nori -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- HD-37105/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Dec 13;298(5601):2157-67.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12481130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Base Sequence ; Cellulose/metabolism ; Central Nervous System/physiology ; Ciona intestinalis/anatomy & histology/classification/*genetics/physiology ; Computational Biology ; Endocrine System/physiology ; Gene Dosage ; Gene Duplication ; Genes ; Genes, Homeobox ; *Genome ; Heart/embryology/physiology ; Immunity/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Muscle Proteins/genetics ; Organizers, Embryonic/physiology ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Species Specificity ; Thyroid Gland/physiology ; Urochordata/genetics ; Vertebrates/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of silver salts of fatty acids (1949)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 2 (1949), S. 398-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X49001041
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of test environment on expression of clines and on delimitation of seed zones in Douglas-fir (1978)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 51 (1978), S. 233-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Pseudotsuga menziesii ; Genecology ; Provenance ; Genotype-temperature interactions ; Fertilizerinteractions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Clinal models of population structure in an indigenous tree species can be used to delineate seedcollection zones and breeding zones, and to devise transfer rules. Models may be developed by growing populations in test environments; however, a clinal description may be a function of test environments as well as of population genotypes. This possibility was studied by growing seedlings from 40 populations of northwestern U.S. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. ‘menziesii’ [Mirb.] Franco) in eight nursery-bed treatments which contrasted air and soil temperatures and nutrition. Growth traits measured were stem diameter, top height, and dry weight; phenological traits were bud-burst and bud-set dates, extension period, and extension period midpoint. Population samples interacted significantly with soil temperature for growth traits, and with soil and air temperatures combined for phenological traits. Interactions were at least partly explained by complex clinal associations of seedling performance with elevation, with latitude, and with distance from the ocean of the populations sampled. Both the complexity and the gradient of the clinal pattern depended on the trait and on the specific test environment. The clinal patterns of greatest complexity were expressed in warm air and soil treatments. Dry top-weights of population samples were associated with latitudes for samples grown in warm soils, but this relationship was not apparent in cool soils. A discrepancy in bud-burst dates between extreme coastal and more inland populations was greatest in warm soil-warm air treatments and was negligible in cool soil-cool air treatments. Populations X temperature interactions were attributed to the differential response of population samples to spring temperature and photoperiod. It is proposed that first attempts at devising a model can be based on nursery or growthchamber tests, and that test environments should stress contrasting photo- and temperature-regimes. The estimate of clinal structure in Douglas-fir suggests that there is more risk within northwestern U.S. in moving provenances east-west than north-south, that this risk increases with elevation of provenances, and that north-south transfers are more critical near the coast than inland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00273770
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone of hickory shuckwormCydia caryana Development of an effective field Lure (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 317-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; sex attractant ; Cydia caryana ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate ; (E)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate ; dodecanol acetate ; (E, E)-8 ; 10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate ; (E, Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts of the sex pheromone glands of femaleCydia caryana were evaluated by electroantennography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These studies suggested the following compounds were potential sex pheromone components: (Z)-8- and/or (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate (50 pg/female), dodecyl acetate (40 pg/female), and (E, E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate (25 pg/female). In field tests only the diene produced trap catch, and when the other components were added to the diene, trap catch was not increased. When the diene was formulated in red natural rubber septa, only transient and low catches were obtained, but when gray halobutyl isoprene elastomeric septa were used, high and consistent catches were obtained for eight weeks. Catches depended on the ratio of (E, E)-8,10 to (E, Z)-8,10 isomers. High catches were obtained for anEE toEZ ratio of 100 ∶ 0.6, and insignificant catches were obtained when the ratio was 100 ∶ 3. Equivalent catches were obtained for dosages of 50, 100, and 200 μg/septum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01021767
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  • 5
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    Conversion of human choriogonadotropin into a follitropin by protein engineering. (1991)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 6
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    Correlated responses of height increment and components of increment in 2-year-old Douglas-fir (1989)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-01
    Description: The consequences for growth and phenology of early selection for height or its growth components were evaluated in 160 open-pollinated families of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from southwestern Oregon. Seedlings from two inland and two coastal populations (40 families each) were grown for two growing seasons in a common garden. Predicted response to selection suggests that risk of low juvenile–mature correlation and maladaptation with early selection would be less in the inland than in the coastal region. A phenological event that influences a common growth pattern seems to account for the difference in response. Early bud set in the 1st year was genetically correlated with larger overwintering buds in seedlings from both inland and coastal regions. These larger buds yielded a large increment of predetermined growth in the 2nd year, followed by little or no free growth and early bud set. Seedlings with late bud set in the 1st year had the converse pattern. Inland seedlings set buds much earlier on the average than did coastal seedlings; hence seedlings from the two regions had different growth patterns. Risks that can attend early selection for height generally would be decreased in both regions by selecting for predetermined growth, but several qualifications are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 7
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    HES-Mediated Repression of Pten in Caenorhabditis elegans (2015)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: The hairy/enhancer-of-split (HES) group of transcription factors controls embryonic development, often by acting downstream of the Notch signaling pathway; however, little is known about postembryonic roles of these proteins. In Caenorhabditis elegans , the six proteins that make up the REF-1 family are considered to be HES orthologs that act in both Notch-dependent and Notch-independent pathways to regulate embryonic events. To further our understanding of how the REF-1 family works to coordinate postembryonic cellular events, we performed a functional characterization of the REF-1 family member, HLH-25 . We show that, after embryogenesis, hlh-25 expression persists throughout every developmental stage, including dauer, into adulthood. Like animals that carry loss-of-function alleles in genes required for normal cell-cycle progression, the phenotypes of hlh-25 animals include reduced brood size, unfertilized oocytes, and abnormal gonad morphology. Using gene expression microarray, we show that the HLH-25 transcriptional network correlates with the phenotypes of hlh-25 animals and that the C. elegans Pten ortholog, daf-18 , is one major hub in the network. Finally, we show that HLH-25 regulates C. elegans lifespan and dauer recovery, which correlates with a role in the transcriptional repression of daf-18 activity. Collectively, these data provide the first genetic evidence that HLH-25 may be a functional ortholog of mammalian HES1, which represses PTEN activity in mice and human cells.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 8
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    The apparent synchronization of V1500 Cygni (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-19
    Description: We have used XMM–Newton and ground-based optical/near-infrared photometry to explore the old classical nova, and asynchronous polar V1500 Cyg. The X-ray light curve shows a single bright phase once per orbit, associated with the main accretion region. Analysis of the X-ray light curve indicates that the white dwarf spin period is now similar to the orbital period. When this inference is combined with the ground-based photometry, we find that the most probable explanation for the observed behaviour is a system that has become fully synchronized. The X-ray spectrum and luminosity of V1500 Cyg are consistent with a high state polar. The optical and near-IR light curves can partially be explained as a heavily irradiated secondary star, but exhibit strong deviations from that model. We find that the most likely explanation for the observed excesses in these light curves is cyclotron emission from distributed accretion regions, or from a multipole geometry.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Multivariate analysis of allozyme variation patterns in coastal Douglas-fir from southwest Oregon (1988)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-02-01
    Description: Isozyme data collected from megagametophytes of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) parent trees, representing 22 southwest Oregon breeding zones, were analyzed by multivariate techniques to describe the distribution of genotypic variation among and within breeding zones and to relate genotypic and environmental variation. Data entered were mean haploid genotype scores obtained by averaging two haploid genotype scores from each parent tree. Haploid genotype scores were created from 27-locus haploid genotypes of two megagametophytes collected from each of 1230 parent trees. Although principal components analysis did not indicate the presence of linkage disequilibria among loci, canonical discriminant analysis suggested that much more genotypic variation may be accounted for by breeding-zone differences than was evident from single-locus techniques. The first two canonical variables, which accounted for ~25% of the genotypic variation, appeared to separate breeding zones on the basis of geographic and elevational differences among zones. Regressing canonical variable scores against location variables failed to provide a model attributing 〉 10% of genotypic variation to latitude, elevation, or distance from the ocean. Although canonical correlation analysis of mean haploid genotype scores with the same location variables produced two significant canonical variables accounting for 39% of the variation, little of the variation accounted for by the canonical variables was related to location variables. Although these results may be due to the small geographic scale of the study, the region covered is characterized by extreme environmental heterogeneity, to which variability in seedling quantitative traits has been strongly correlated in a companion common garden study. In sum, multivariate techniques were not markedly better than single-locus techniques in providing evidence that allozyme variation is adaptive in the coastal Douglas-fir breeding zones studied. Consequently, multivariate techniques cannot be expected to improve the use of allozymes for certifying seed or for designating breeding zones in this region.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 10
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    K+-nucleon central interaction in a quark potential model (1987)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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