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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Innovations in actions (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of science teacher education 7 (1996), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1847
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114123
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  • 2
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    Single-cell transcriptomes from human kidneys reveal the cellular identity of renal tumors (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Description: Messenger RNA encodes cellular function and phenotype. In the context of human cancer, it defines the identities of malignant cells and the diversity of tumor tissue. We studied 72,501 single-cell transcriptomes of human renal tumors and normal tissue from fetal, pediatric, and adult kidneys. We matched childhood Wilms tumor with specific fetal cell types, thus providing evidence for the hypothesis that Wilms tumor cells are aberrant fetal cells. In adult renal cell carcinoma, we identified a canonical cancer transcriptome that matched a little-known subtype of proximal convoluted tubular cell. Analyses of the tumor composition defined cancer-associated normal cells and delineated a complex vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling circuit. Our findings reveal the precise cellular identities and compositions of human kidney tumors.
    Keywords: Development, Medicine, Diseases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Human amygdala responsivity to masked fearful eye whites (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-18
    Description: The amygdala was more responsive to fearful (larger) eye whites than to happy (smaller) eye whites presented in a masking paradigm that mitigated subjects' awareness of their presence and aberrant nature. These data demonstrate that the amygdala is responsive to elements of.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whalen, Paul J -- Kagan, Jerome -- Cook, Robert G -- Davis, F Caroline -- Kim, Hackjin -- Polis, Sara -- McLaren, Donald G -- Somerville, Leah H -- McLean, Ashly A -- Maxwell, Jeffrey S -- Johnstone, Tom -- 01866/PHS HHS/ -- 069315/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2061.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, W. M. Keck Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. pwhalen@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15604401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amygdala/*physiology ; *Facial Expression ; *Fear ; Female ; Happiness ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Perceptual Masking ; *Sclera
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Cooperative formation of inorganic-organic interfaces in the synthesis of silicate mesostructures (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-03
    Description: A model is presented to explain the formation and morphologies of surfactant-silicate mesostructures. Three processes are identified: multidentate binding of silicate oligomers to the cationic surfactant, preferential silicate polymerization in the interface region, and charge density matching between the surfactant and the silicate. The model explains present experimental data, including the transformation between lamellar and hexagonal mesophases, and provides a guide for predicting conditions that favor the formation of lamellar, hexagonal, or cubic mesostructures. Model Q(230) proposed by Mariani and his co-workers satisfactorily fits the x-ray data collected on the cubic mesostructure material. This model suggests that the silicate polymer forms a unique infinite silicate sheet sitting on the gyroid minimal surface and separating the surfactant molecules into two disconnected volumes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monnier, A -- Schuth, F -- Huo, Q -- Kumar, D -- Margolese, D -- Maxwell, R S -- Stucky, G D -- Krishnamurty, M -- Petroff, P -- Firouzi, A -- Janicke, M -- Chmelka, B F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 3;261(5126):1299-303.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17731857" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Dok-7 mutations underlie a neuromuscular junction synaptopathy (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-19
    Description: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a group of inherited disorders of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable muscle weakness. One major subgroup of patients shows a characteristic "limb girdle" pattern of muscle weakness, in which the muscles have small, simplified neuromuscular junctions but normal acetylcholine receptor and acetylcholinesterase function. We showed that recessive inheritance of mutations in Dok-7, which result in a defective structure of the neuromuscular junction, is a cause of CMS with proximal muscle weakness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beeson, David -- Higuchi, Osamu -- Palace, Jackie -- Cossins, Judy -- Spearman, Hayley -- Maxwell, Susan -- Newsom-Davis, John -- Burke, Georgina -- Fawcett, Peter -- Motomura, Masakatsu -- Muller, Juliane S -- Lochmuller, Hanns -- Slater, Clarke -- Vincent, Angela -- Yamanashi, Yuji -- G117/490/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Sep 29;313(5795):1975-8. Epub 2006 Aug 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK. dbeeson@hammer.imm.ox.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16917026" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; *Frameshift Mutation ; Genes, Recessive ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Muscle Weakness/physiopathology ; Mutation ; Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital/*genetics/pathology/physiopathology ; Neuromuscular Junction/*pathology/*physiopathology ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/physiology ; Receptors, Cholinergic/metabolism/physiology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Synaptic Transmission
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    A dimeric structure for archaeal box C/D small ribonucleoproteins (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-12
    Description: Methylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is required for optimal protein synthesis. Multiple 2'-O-ribose methylations are carried out by box C/D guide ribonucleoproteins [small ribonucleoproteins (sRNPs) and small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins (snoRNPs)], which are conserved from archaea to eukaryotes. Methylation is dictated by base pairing between the specific guide RNA component of the sRNP or snoRNP and the target rRNA. We determined the structure of a reconstituted and catalytically active box C/D sRNP from the archaeon Methanocaldococcus jannaschii by single-particle electron microscopy. We found that archaeal box C/D sRNPs unexpectedly formed a dimeric structure with an alternative organization of their RNA and protein components that challenges the conventional view of their architecture. Mutational analysis demonstrated that this di-sRNP structure was relevant for the enzymatic function of archaeal box C/D sRNPs.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2975540/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2975540/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bleichert, Franziska -- Gagnon, Keith T -- Brown, Bernard A 2nd -- Maxwell, E Stuart -- Leschziner, Andres E -- Unger, Vinzenz M -- Baserga, Susan J -- R01 GM052581/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM052581-15/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM52581/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM69699/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR19895/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Sep 11;325(5946):1384-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1176099.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19745151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Archaeal Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*chemistry ; Methanococcales/*chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Weight ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA, Archaeal/*chemistry/ultrastructure ; Ribonucleoproteins/*chemistry/metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aflatoxin excretion in children with kwashiorkor or marasmic kwashiorkor — a clinical investigation (1990)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 110 (1990), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: aflatoxin ; kwashiorkor ; excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A group of five children with kwashiorkor, seven with marasmic kwashiorkor and one underweight child were given an aflatoxin-free diet consisting of maize meal and milk powder. Blood specimens were collected on admission; on day 4 and 10, 24 hour urine and stool samples were collected for the first ten days. Serum, urine and stool samples were analysed for aflatoxins using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescent detection, after various extraction and clean-up procedures. The children with kwashiorkor and marasmic kwashiorkor excreted aflatoxins in stools for up to 9 and 6 days after admission respectively. No aflatoxins were detected in the stools or urine of the underweight child. In kwashiorkor, urinary excretion ceased after 2 days, while in marasmic kwashiorkor urinary excretion persisted for 4 days. In stools, B1 was the type of aflatoxin detected most frequently in kwashiorkor and least frequently in marasmic kwashiorkor. Aflatoxin M2 was frequently detected in the stools of both groups of children. Estimates of the total amount of aflatoxin excreted by kwashiorkor and marasmic kwashiorkor indicate that these children were harbouring up to 4 μg/kg body weight at the time of admission. These findings establish that aflatoxins accumulate in body fluids and tissues in kwashiorkor and marasmic kwashiorkor which is only slowly eliminated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442763
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aflatoxins in the autopsy brain tissue of children in Nigeria (1995)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 132 (1995), S. 35-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Brain ; Aflatoxin ; Children ; Nigeria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Autopsy brain (cerebrum) specimens from 18 kwashiorkor children and 19 children who had died from a variety of other diseases, at the Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, were analysed for the presence of aflatoxins using high-performance liquid chromatography. Aflatoxins were detected in 81%, 15 specimens in each group. More than one type of aflatoxin was detected in 14 (37.8%) of all the specimens. Aflatoxin B1 and its reversible metabolite, aflatoxicol, were detected in 11 brain specimens of patients with kwashiorkor and 6 of those who died of other miscellaneous diseases; out of these 6, two died from measles and its complications. The frequent detection of aflatoxins in the brains of these children and sometimes in multiple forms may suggest that aflatoxins are stored in the brain tissue which could be related to the lipophilic nature of these compounds. These findings also suggest that although many children in the tropics are exposed to aflatoxins, the accumulation of aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxicol in the brains of kwashiorkor children may be a result of an impaired metabolism of these compounds by these children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01138602
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential velocity imaging and microseismic monitoring of mining-induced stress change (1992)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 139 (1992), S. 421-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Sequential velocity imaging ; temporal velocity changes ; mining-induced seismicity ; velocity-seismicity association
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Sequential imaging of the temporal changes inP-wave velocity offers a practical tool to monitor a rock mass. Using established correlations between the location of seismic events and velocity structure, the temporal seismic potential characteristics of the rock may be monitored. Furthermore, the temporal velocity differences isolate the time dependent factors effecting velocity such as stress, while cancelling static factors such as lithology. Various sequential imaging techniques were compared with respect to accuracy. Differences between successive velocity images were found to have relatively high associated error estimates. However, images of velocity differences calculated from measured travel time delays between successive velocity surveys were found to have lower error estimates. In particular, travel time delays measured using cross-correlation techniques resulted in the most accurate sequential image. Two 3D sequential imaging studies were carried out at Strathcona Mine in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. Results of the average static images indicated an association between the location of induced microseismicity and a zone of both high velocity and high gradient. Additional examples are described from the global seismology literature which also show a similar correlation between seismicity and velocity structure. We attribute this association to an interrelated stress and strength effect. The Strathcona Mine sequential images show zones of significantly decreased velocity in regions of concentrated microseismic activity, which are postulated to be indications of localized destressing and relaxation of the clamping forces resulting in the microseismicity. The zones of decreased velocity corresponded to an increase in the velocity gradient. One of the case studies also shows an increase in velocity in a zone of high static velocity, which is later the site of am N 2.5 mining-induced seismic tremor. The increase in velocity is believed to correspond to a region of stress concentration, resulting in the subsequent seismic tremor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879945
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mining-induced microseismicity: Monitoring and applications of imaging and source mechanism techniques (1992)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 139 (1992), S. 697-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Induced seismicity ; tomography ; b values ; source parameters ; moment tensor inversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The study of microseismicity in mines provides an ideal method for remote volumetric sampling of rock masses. The nature and uniqueness of microseismic monitoring is outlined in the context of acquisition hardware and software requirements. Several topics are used to highlight the potential for novel applications of microseismicity and to outline areas where further study is required. These topics reflect some of the current interest areas in seismology, namelyb values and source parameters, fault-plane solutions, modes of failure and moment tensor inversion, imaging and seismicityvelocity correlations. These studies suggest potential correlations between zones of high seismic velocity, high microseismic activity and maximal stress drops, which can be interpreted spatially to be the locations of highly stressed ground with a potential for rock bursting. Fault-plane solutions are shown to be useful in determining the slip potential of various joint sets in a rock mass. Source parameter studies and moment tensor analysis clearly show the importance of non-shear components of failure, andb values for microseismicity appear to be magnitude-limited and related to spatial rather than temporal variations in effective stress levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879959
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