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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-10-09
    Description: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the primary organelle for folding and maturation of secretory and transmembrane proteins. Inability to meet protein-folding demand leads to "ER stress," and activates IRE1alpha, an ER transmembrane kinase-endoribonuclease (RNase). IRE1alpha promotes adaptation through splicing Xbp1 mRNA or apoptosis through incompletely understood mechanisms. Here, we found that sustained IRE1alpha RNase activation caused rapid decay of select microRNAs (miRs -17, -34a, -96, and -125b) that normally repress translation of Caspase-2 mRNA, and thus sharply elevates protein levels of this initiator protease of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In cell-free systems, recombinant IRE1alpha endonucleolytically cleaved microRNA precursors at sites distinct from DICER. Thus, IRE1alpha regulates translation of a proapoptotic protein through terminating microRNA biogenesis, and noncoding RNAs are part of the ER stress response.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742121/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742121/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Upton, John-Paul -- Wang, Likun -- Han, Dan -- Wang, Eric S -- Huskey, Noelle E -- Lim, Lionel -- Truitt, Morgan -- McManus, Michael T -- Ruggero, Davide -- Goga, Andrei -- Papa, Feroz R -- Oakes, Scott A -- DK063720/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DP2 OD001925/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP2OD001925/OD/NIH HHS/ -- GM080783/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK063720/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA136577/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA136717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA140456/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA154916/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK080955/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01CA136577/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA136717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA140456/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA154916/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01DK080955/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Nov 9;338(6108):818-22. doi: 10.1126/science.1226191. Epub 2012 Oct 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23042294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brefeldin A/pharmacology ; Caspase 2/*genetics/*metabolism ; Cell-Free System ; Cells, Cultured ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; *Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Endoribonucleases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; MicroRNAs/*metabolism ; Mutant Proteins ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2003-01-11
    Description: Mutations in DKC1 cause dyskeratosis congenita (DC), a disease characterized by premature aging and increased tumor susceptibility. The DKC1 protein binds to the box H + ACA small nucleolar RNAs and the RNA component of telomerase. Here we show that hypomorphic Dkc1 mutant (Dkc1m) mice recapitulate in the first and second generations (G1 and G2) the clinical features of DC. Dkc1m cells from G1 and G2 mice were impaired in ribosomal RNA pseudouridylation before the onset of disease. Reductions of telomere length in Dkc1m mice became evident only in later generations. These results suggest that deregulated ribosome function is important in the initiation of DC, whereas telomere shortening may modify and/or exacerbate DC.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruggero, Davide -- Grisendi, Silvia -- Piazza, Francesco -- Rego, Eduardo -- Mari, Francesca -- Rao, Pulivarthi H -- Cordon-Cardo, Carlos -- Pandolfi, Pier Paolo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jan 10;299(5604):259-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12522253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dyskeratosis Congenita/complications/*genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/physiology ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*etiology ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Pseudouridine/*metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/*metabolism ; Ribosomes/physiology ; Telomerase/metabolism ; Telomere/metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2006-05-13
    Description: The DKC1 gene encodes a pseudouridine synthase that modifies ribosomal RNA (rRNA). DKC1 is mutated in people with X-linked dyskeratosis congenita (X-DC), a disease characterized by bone marrow failure, skin abnormalities, and increased susceptibility to cancer. How alterations in ribosome modification might lead to cancer and other features of the disease remains unknown. Using an unbiased proteomics strategy, we discovered a specific defect in IRES (internal ribosome entry site)-dependent translation in Dkc1(m) mice and in cells from X-DC patients. This defect results in impaired translation of messenger RNAs containing IRES elements, including those encoding the tumor suppressor p27(Kip1) and the antiapoptotic factors Bcl-xL and XIAP (X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein). Moreover, Dkc1(m) ribosomes were unable to direct translation from IRES elements present in viral messenger RNAs. These findings reveal a potential mechanism by which defective ribosome activity leads to disease and cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoon, Andrew -- Peng, Guang -- Brandenburger, Yves -- Zollo, Ornella -- Xu, Wei -- Rego, Eduardo -- Ruggero, Davide -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 12;312(5775):902-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *5' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/biosynthesis/genetics ; Dyskeratosis Congenita/*genetics ; Humans ; Insect Viruses/genetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Point Mutation ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Proteomics ; Pseudouridine/metabolism ; RNA Viruses/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism ; Transfection ; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein/biosynthesis/genetics ; bcl-X Protein/biosynthesis/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2013-11-21
    Description: Motivation: The translational landscape of diverse cellular systems remains largely uncharacterized. A detailed understanding of the control of gene expression at the level of messenger RNA translation is vital to elucidating a systems-level view of complex molecular programs in the cell. Establishing the degree to which such post-transcriptional regulation can mediate specific phenotypes is similarly critical to elucidating the molecular pathogenesis of diseases such as cancer. Recently, methods for massively parallel sequencing of ribosome-bound fragments of messenger RNA have begun to uncover genome-wide translational control at codon resolution. Despite its promise for deeply characterizing mammalian proteomes, few analytical methods exist for the comprehensive analysis of this paired RNA and ribosome data. Results: We describe the Babel framework, an analytical methodology for assessing the significance of changes in translational regulation within cells and between conditions. This approach facilitates the analysis of translation genome-wide while allowing statistically principled gene-level inference. Babel is based on an errors-in-variables regression model that uses the negative binomial distribution and draws inference using a parametric bootstrap approach. We demonstrate the operating characteristics of Babel on simulated data and use its gene-level inference to extend prior analyses significantly, discovering new translationally regulated modules under mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway signaling control. Availability: The Babel framework is freely available as source code at http://taylorlab.ucsf.edu/software_data.html . Contact: barry.taylor@ucsf.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
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