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  • *Evolution, Planetary  (3)
  • Climate  (2)
  • *Moon  (1)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (6)
  • Mineralogical Society of America
  • National Academy of Sciences
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (6)
  • Mineralogical Society of America
  • National Academy of Sciences
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  • 1
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    Possible ancient oceans on Mars: evidence from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-11
    Description: High-resolution altimetric data define the detailed topography of the northern lowlands of Mars, and a range of data is consistent with the hypothesis that a lowland-encircling geologic contact represents the ancient shoreline of a large standing body of water present in middle Mars history. The contact altitude is close to an equipotential line, the topography is smoother at all scales below the contact than above it, the volume enclosed by this contact is within the range of estimates of available water on Mars, and a series of extensive terraces parallel the contact in many places.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Head, J W 3rd -- Hiesinger, H -- Ivanov, M A -- Kreslavsky, M A -- Pratt, S -- Thomson, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Dec 10;286(5447):2134-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10591640" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Evolution, Planetary ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Mars ; Oceans and Seas ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    The global topography of Mars and implications for surface evolution (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-05-29
    Description: Elevations measured by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter have yielded a high-accuracy global map of the topography of Mars. Dominant features include the low northern hemisphere, the Tharsis province, and the Hellas impact basin. The northern hemisphere depression is primarily a long-wavelength effect that has been shaped by an internal mechanism. The topography of Tharsis consists of two broad rises. Material excavated from Hellas contributes to the high elevation of the southern hemisphere and to the scarp along the hemispheric boundary. The present topography has three major drainage centers, with the northern lowlands being the largest. The two polar cap volumes yield an upper limit of the present surface water inventory of 3.2 to 4.7 million cubic kilometers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, D E -- Zuber, M T -- Solomon, S C -- Phillips, R J -- Head, J W -- Garvin, J B -- Banerdt, W B -- Muhleman, D O -- Pettengill, G H -- Neumann, G A -- Lemoine, F G -- Abshire, J B -- Aharonson, O -- Brown, C D -- Hauck, S A -- Ivanov, A B -- McGovern, P J -- Zwally, H J -- Duxbury, T C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 May 28;284(5419):1495-503.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Earth Sciences Directorate, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. dsmith@tharsis.gsfc.nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10348732" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Evolution, Planetary ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ice ; *Mars ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Internal structure and early thermal evolution of Mars from Mars Global Surveyor topography and gravity (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-03-10
    Description: Topography and gravity measured by the Mars Global Surveyor have enabled determination of the global crust and upper mantle structure of Mars. The planet displays two distinct crustal zones that do not correlate globally with the geologic dichotomy: a region of crust that thins progressively from south to north and encompasses much of the southern highlands and Tharsis province and a region of approximately uniform crustal thickness that includes the northern lowlands and Arabia Terra. The strength of the lithosphere beneath the ancient southern highlands suggests that the northern hemisphere was a locus of high heat flow early in martian history. The thickness of the elastic lithosphere increases with time of loading in the northern plains and Tharsis. The northern lowlands contain structures interpreted as large buried channels that are consistent with northward transport of water and sediment to the lowlands before the end of northern hemisphere resurfacing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zuber, M T -- Solomon, S C -- Phillips, R J -- Smith, D E -- Tyler, G L -- Aharonson, O -- Balmino, G -- Banerdt, W B -- Head, J W -- Johnson, C L -- Lemoine, F G -- McGovern, P J -- Neumann, G A -- Rowlands, D D -- Zhong, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Mar 10;287(5459):1788-93.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. zuber@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10710301" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Evolution, Planetary ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Geologic Sediments ; Gravitation ; *Mars ; Temperature ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    New perspectives on ancient Mars (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-26
    Description: Mars was most active during its first billion years. The core, mantle, and crust formed within approximately 50 million years of solar system formation. A magnetic dynamo in a convecting fluid core magnetized the crust, and the global field shielded a more massive early atmosphere against solar wind stripping. The Tharsis province became a focus for volcanism, deformation, and outgassing of water and carbon dioxide in quantities possibly sufficient to induce episodes of climate warming. Surficial and near-surface water contributed to regionally extensive erosion, sediment transport, and chemical alteration. Deep hydrothermal circulation accelerated crustal cooling, preserved variations in crustal thickness, and modified patterns of crustal magnetization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Solomon, Sean C -- Aharonson, Oded -- Aurnou, Jonathan M -- Banerdt, W Bruce -- Carr, Michael H -- Dombard, Andrew J -- Frey, Herbert V -- Golombek, Matthew P -- Hauck, Steven A 2nd -- Head, James W 3rd -- Jakosky, Bruce M -- Johnson, Catherine L -- McGovern, Patrick J -- Neumann, Gregory A -- Phillips, Roger J -- Smith, David E -- Zuber, Maria T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 25;307(5713):1214-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA. scs@dtm.ciw.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731435" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Climate ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Magnetics ; *Mars ; Temperature ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Formation of glaciers on Mars by atmospheric precipitation at high obliquity (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-21
    Description: Surface conditions on Mars are currently cold and dry, with water ice unstable on the surface except near the poles. However, geologically recent glacierlike landforms have been identified in the tropics and the midlatitudes of Mars. The ice has been proposed to originate from either a subsurface reservoir or the atmosphere. We present high-resolution climate simulations performed with a model designed to simulate the present-day Mars water cycle but assuming a 45 degrees obliquity as experienced by Mars a few million years ago. The model predicts ice accumulation in regions where glacier landforms are observed, on the western flanks of the great volcanoes and in the eastern Hellas region. This agreement points to an atmospheric origin for the ice and reveals how precipitation could have formed glaciers on Mars.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Forget, F -- Haberle, R M -- Montmessin, F -- Levrard, B -- Head, J W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jan 20;311(5759):368-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Universite Paris 6 Boite Postale 99, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France. forget@lmd.jussieu.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16424337" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Climate ; Computer Simulation ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Ice ; *Mars ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Character and spatial distribution of OH/H2O on the surface of the Moon seen by M3 on Chandrayaan-1 (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-26
    Description: The search for water on the surface of the anhydrous Moon had remained an unfulfilled quest for 40 years. However, the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) on Chandrayaan-1 has recently detected absorption features near 2.8 to 3.0 micrometers on the surface of the Moon. For silicate bodies, such features are typically attributed to hydroxyl- and/or water-bearing materials. On the Moon, the feature is seen as a widely distributed absorption that appears strongest at cooler high latitudes and at several fresh feldspathic craters. The general lack of correlation of this feature in sunlit M3 data with neutron spectrometer hydrogen abundance data suggests that the formation and retention of hydroxyl and water are ongoing surficial processes. Hydroxyl/water production processes may feed polar cold traps and make the lunar regolith a candidate source of volatiles for human exploration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pieters, C M -- Goswami, J N -- Clark, R N -- Annadurai, M -- Boardman, J -- Buratti, B -- Combe, J-P -- Dyar, M D -- Green, R -- Head, J W -- Hibbitts, C -- Hicks, M -- Isaacson, P -- Klima, R -- Kramer, G -- Kumar, S -- Livo, E -- Lundeen, S -- Malaret, E -- McCord, T -- Mustard, J -- Nettles, J -- Petro, N -- Runyon, C -- Staid, M -- Sunshine, J -- Taylor, L A -- Tompkins, S -- Varanasi, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 23;326(5952):568-72. doi: 10.1126/science.1178658. Epub 2009 Sep 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. carle_pieters@brown.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19779151" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Hydroxyl Radical ; Minerals ; *Moon ; Spacecraft ; Spectrum Analysis ; Sunlight ; Temperature ; *Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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