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  • Rats  (2)
  • Temperature  (2)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (4)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Amsterdam : Elsevier
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (4)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Amsterdam : Elsevier
  • Springer  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2009-01-24
    Description: Persistent changes in tree mortality rates can alter forest structure, composition, and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration. Our analyses of longitudinal data from unmanaged old forests in the western United States showed that background (noncatastrophic) mortality rates have increased rapidly in recent decades, with doubling periods ranging from 17 to 29 years among regions. Increases were also pervasive across elevations, tree sizes, dominant genera, and past fire histories. Forest density and basal area declined slightly, which suggests that increasing mortality was not caused by endogenous increases in competition. Because mortality increased in small trees, the overall increase in mortality rates cannot be attributed solely to aging of large trees. Regional warming and consequent increases in water deficits are likely contributors to the increases in tree mortality rates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van Mantgem, Phillip J -- Stephenson, Nathan L -- Byrne, John C -- Daniels, Lori D -- Franklin, Jerry F -- Fule, Peter Z -- Harmon, Mark E -- Larson, Andrew J -- Smith, Jeremy M -- Taylor, Alan H -- Veblen, Thomas T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jan 23;323(5913):521-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1165000.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Three Rivers, CA 93271, USA. pvanmantgem@usgs.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19164752" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abies/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; *Climate ; *Coniferophyta/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; *Ecosystem ; Fires ; Models, Statistical ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Northwestern United States ; Pinus/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; Temperature ; *Trees/growth & development ; Tsuga/anatomy & histology/growth & development ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2004-08-25
    Description: Intracellular acidification of skeletal muscles is commonly thought to contribute to muscle fatigue. However, intracellular acidosis also acts to preserve muscle excitability when muscles become depolarized, which occurs with working muscles. Here, we show that this process may be mediated by decreased chloride permeability, which enables action potentials to still be propagated along the internal network of tubules in a muscle fiber (the T system) despite muscle depolarization. These results implicate chloride ion channels in muscle function and emphasize that intracellular acidosis of muscle has protective effects during muscle fatigue.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pedersen, Thomas H -- Nielsen, Ole B -- Lamb, Graham D -- Stephenson, D George -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Aug 20;305(5687):1144-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15326352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Chloride Channels/*metabolism ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Electric Stimulation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lactic Acid/metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; Muscle Contraction ; *Muscle Fatigue ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism/*physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism/*physiology ; Permeability ; Potassium/metabolism ; Rats ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2008-11-01
    Description: Studies relating the magnesium (Mg) content of calcified skeletons to temperature often report unexplained deviations from the signature expected for inorganically grown calcite. These "vital effects" are believed to have biological origins, but mechanistic bases for measured offsets remain unclear. We show that a simple hydrophilic peptide, with the same carboxyl-rich character as that of macromolecules isolated from sites of calcification, increases calcite Mg content by up to 3 mole percent. Comparisons to previous studies correlating Mg content of carbonate minerals with temperature show that the Mg enhancement due to peptides results in offsets equivalent to 7 degrees to 14 degrees C. The insights also provide a physical basis for anecdotal evidence that organic chemistry modulates the mineralization of inorganic carbonates and suggest an approach to tuning impurity levels in controlled materials synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stephenson, A E -- DeYoreo, J J -- Wu, L -- Wu, K J -- Hoyer, J -- Dove, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Oct 31;322(5902):724-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1159417.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. aestephe@vt.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18974348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Calcification, Physiologic ; Calcium/analysis ; Calcium Carbonate/*chemistry ; Crystallization ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Magnesium/*analysis ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Peptides/*chemistry ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1982-05-21
    Description: Rat embryo fibroblasts transformed by Abelson murine leukemia virus (MuLV) produce and release a transforming growth factor (TGF). Production of this factor is correlated with a tyrosine-specific protein kinase that is functionally active and is associated with the major Abelson MuLV gene product, P120. Transformation-defective mutants of Abelson MuLV do not transform cells, do not have their virus coded transforming gene product phosphorylated in tyrosine, and do not induce TGF production. Abelson MuLV-induced TGF morphologically transforms cells in culture, competes with 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) for binding to cell receptors, and induces phosphorylation of tyrosine acceptor sites in the 160,000-dalton EGF membrane receptor. After purification to homogeneity, Abelson virus-induced TGF migrates as a single polypeptide with an apparent size of 7400 daltons as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Twardzik, D R -- Todaro, G J -- Marquardt, H -- Reynolds, F H Jr -- Stephenson, J R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):894-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6177040" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abelson murine leukemia virus ; Animals ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; *Cell Transformation, Viral ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine ; Rats ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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