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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (675)
  • SPACE SCIENCES
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (675)
  • 1960-1964  (675)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (675)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 15 (1964), S. 212-220 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Inter-action of cavitation and corrosionFollowing an introduction based on the opinions expressed in technical literature on the inter-action of cavitation and corrosion, the authors indicate the results of measurements carried out with a magnetostriction oscillator at 19 kc/s in water and aqueous solutions. In the presence of corrosion stresses, the destructive effect of cavitation is greatly increased. The results are so clcarly akin to those obtained with pure corrosion tests that the method can be used for certain short-time corrosion tests. Because of the mechanisms of mutual reinforcement, even cavitation stresses of comparatively small magnitude, acting (as it were) as catalyzers, are able to give rise to heavy corrosion damage.The authors name the following causes of corrosion phenomena under cavitation stresses: 1destruction of surface layers;2secondary corrosion processes;3turbulence and vorticity phenomena.Special importance is attached to the third category of phenomena, and a „model“ is developed to demonstrate their harmful effects on the materials. The reinforcing effect of corrosion on cavitation is found to be so considerable that even cavitation stresses of small magnitude, acting as catalyzers as ist were, may give rise to corrosion under ohterwise safe conditions. As the trend of the results of the cavitation tests agrees with those of corrosion tests, and as the method has a highly sensitive reaction, the oscillators used for these tests can also be used for certain short-time corrosion tests.
    Notes: Nach einer Einführung mit Hilfe der in der Literatur vertretenen Auffassungen über das Zusammenwirken van Kavitation und Korrosion werden die Ergebnisse von Magnetostriktions - Schwinggerät - Untersuchungen bei 19 kHz in Wasser und wäßrigen Lösungen dargestellt. Gleichzeitige Korrosionsbeanspruchungen verstärken die Kavitationszerstörungen erheblich und lassen so deutliche Parallelen mit den Ergebnissen reiner Korrosionsversuche erkennen, daß das Verfahren für bestimmte Korrosions-Kurzzeit-Prüfungen einsetzbar ist. Wegen der Mechanismen der gegenseitigen Verstärkung können auch Kavitationsbeanspruchungen geringer Heftigkeit, gleichsam katalytisch, schwere Korrosionsschäden auslösen.Als Ursachen für die Korrosionserscheinungen bei Kavitationsbeanspruchungen werden angegeben: 1Zerschlagen von Deckschichten,2korrosive Sekundärprozesse,3Turbulenz- und Verwirbelungsvorgänge.Der dritten Gruppe von Vorgängen wird besondere Bedeutung zugemessen und für ihre materialschädigenden Wirkungen eine Modellvorstellung entwickelt. Die Korrosionsverstärkungen der Kavitation erweisen sich als so erheblich, daß auch Kavitation geringer Heftigkeit, gleichsam katalytisch, Korrosion unter sonst ungefährlichen Bedingungen auslösen kann. Da die Tendenzen der Ergebnisse von Kavitationsversuchen mit denen von Korrosionsversuchen übereinstimmen und das Verfahren sehr empfindlich reagiert, bieten Schwinggeräte der verwendeten Anordnung die Möglichkeit zu bestimmten Korrosions-Kurzzeit-Prüfungen.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 6 (1962), S. S49 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: High-melting paraffin waxes (melting range about 131 °C., molecular weight up to 7000) are synthesized by feeding CO into a suspension of finely divided metallic Ruthenium in H2O at pressures from 75 to 200 at and temperatures from 150 to 260 °C. Byproducts are CO2 and small amounts of CH4 and H2. A CO-conversion up to 100% may be achieved.In this single step synthesis technique water is simultaneously reactant, suspension liquid, heat transfer medium as well as cooling medium by vaporization.The kinetics are of the type of closed cycle consecutive reactions. The reaction velocity is influenced under certain conditions by the mass transfer of CO from gas to liquid phase. The reaction mechanism probably consists of alternating steps of condensation and hydrogenation, involving intermediate chemisorption complexes at the surface of the catalyst, which presumably are similar to hydrocarbonyls.
    Notes: Leitet man CO bei Drucken von 75 bis 200 atü und Temperaturen von 150 bis 260 °C durch eine wäßrige Suspension feinverteilten metallischen Rutheniums, so bilden sich hochschmelzende Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffe vom Schmelzbereich bis zu 131 °C und Molekulargewichten bis zu 7000. Als Nebenprodukt tritt CO2 mit geringen Mengen von CH4 und H2 auf. Es werden CO-Umsätze bis zu 100% erreicht.In dieser verfahrenstechnisch einstufigen Synthese ist das Wasser gleichzeitig Reaktand, Suspensionsträger, Wärmeübertragungsmedium und durch Verdampfung direkt wirkendes Kühlmittel.Kinetisch liegt eine geschlossene Folge vor. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit wird bereichsweise von der Stoffübergangsgeschwindigkeit des CO von der Gasphase in die flüssige Phase beeinflußt. Der Reaktionsmechanismus umfaßt wahrscheinlich alternierende Kondensations-und Hydrierungsschritte, die über vermutlich carbonylwasserstoffartige Chemisorptions-Komplexe an der Oberfläche des Katalysators verlaufen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 61 (1962), S. S38 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 2 (1964), S. 5027-5027 
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A statistical thermodynamic treatment of thermally induced helix-coil transitions is formulated with the matrix method for an (ensemble) of system(s) in which one strand of a double helix consists of a homopolymeric polynucleotide and the other strand comprises a number of complementary oligonucleotides. Each oligonucleotide is considered to be completely bound to the longer chain when in the helical configuration and completely free from it when in the randomly coiled configuration. The case of partial binding; i.e., “dangling,” is treated in a later paper. Taken into account in both cases are intrachain “stacking” interactions between nearest neighbor residues and interchain hydrogen bonding.An approximate treatment of the characteristic equation of the formulation indicates that the reciprocal of the transition temperature (1/T0) is a linear function of the reciprocal of the degree of polymerization (D.P.) of the oligonucleotides. In the same approximation, 1/T0 is also a linear function of the negative logarithm of the absolute activity of the oligonucleotides. Transition curves obtained by exact calculation on a computer are presented for various degrees of polymerization of both the oligo- and polynucleotides. These curves show a sharpening of the transition with increasing D.P. of the long chain and the aforementioned reciprocal D.P. dependence of 1/T0.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 7 (1963), S. S30 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 8 (1964), S. 1919-1919 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 7 (1963), S. 2153-2160 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The esterification of high molecular weight hydroxyether polymers, derived from dihydric phenols and epichlorohydrin, has been studied. The esters of an assortment of monobasic acids, both organic and inorganic, were prepared by reaction of acid halides, anhydrides, esters or free acids with the secondary hydroxyl group in the polymer repeating unit. The effects of the structure of the acid radical and the degree of esterification on polymer properties were determined. In general, esterification resulted in a lowering of the major glass transition temperature of the polymer. This was true at all levels of esterification. Decreased chain symmetry and decreased hydrogen bonding appeared to be the major causes of the observed effect. Permeability of the polymers to oxygen and water vapor was increased by esterification. The increases was found to correlate well with the size and polarity of the acid radical. Some additional properties of the ester derivatives were examined in less detail.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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