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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (25)
  • Physics  (7)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (25)
  • 1970-1974  (25)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (25)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of chemical structure on the dynamic properties of sulfur-vulcanized, carbon black-reinforced natural rubber (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1855-1868 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A comparison is made of the composition and properties of the different rubber vulcanizate networks obtained by varying the ratio of sulfur to sulfenamide accelerator and by the thermal aging of vulcanizates containing predominantly polysulfide crosslinks. It is concluded that the changes in network structure which can take place, for example, during the service life of natural rubber tires are not the direct cause of failures of the type associated with rubber fatigue at high temperatures. However, a reduction in the total number of crosslinks can accelerate failure by increasing the amount of heat generated during flexing. More stable networks giving improved resistance to fatigue at high operating temperatures are obtained by the use of higher ratios of accelerator to sulfur than are conventionally employed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1971.070150805
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of starch granule swelling on graft copolymer composition. A comparison of monomersPresented at the 162nd National Meeting of American Chemical Society, Washington, D. C., September 12-17, 1971. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 2651-2660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Seven monomers, which varied widely in water solubility and ionic charge, were graft polymerized onto both unswollen starch and starch that had been swollen by heating in water to 60°C. Polymerizations were initiated with ferrous ammonium sulfate hexahydrate-hydrogen peroxide and, where applicable, with ceric ammonium nitrate. Graft copolymers were freed of ungrafted homopolymer by solvent extraction and were characterized by weight percentage of synthetic polymer incorporated in the graft copolymer, molecular weight of grafted branches, and grafting frequency. The influence of starch granule swelling on graft copolymer structure varied with the monomer used and could not be predicted on the basis of water solubility of monomer or its resulting polymer. With acrylonitrile and acrylamide, swollen starch gave higher molecular weight and less frequent grafts than unswollen starch. However, methyl methacrylate, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate · HNO3, N-t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate. HNO3, and 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride produced less frequent graft of higher molecular weight when starch was unswollen. With acrylic acid, graft molecular weight was independent of starch granule swelling, although grafting was less frequent when swollen starch was used.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1971.070151105
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rubber reinforcement by starch poly(ethylenimino thiourethane) (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 1937-1946 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Starch xanthates with degrees of substitution (D.S.) ranging from 0.08 to 0.58 were reacted with high or low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI, two of six times the stoichiometric amount) to form starch poly(ethylenimino thiourethanes). Aqueous thiourethane solutions were mixed with commercial styrene-butadiene and acrylonitrile-butadiene latices, and the solids were coprecipitated by adding 1M ZnSO4 and 1N H2SO. The master batches (filtered, dried at 70°C), having 15 to 50 parts of starch (equivalent) per 100 parts of rubber (phr), were masticated and compounded in a sulfur-accelerator recipe and press cured to yield vulcanizates of improved physical characteristics compared to control vulcanizates. About 0.22 D.S. produced best results. With this D.S. xanthate and a 3.5 ratio of 100,000 MW PEI, a 25 phr starch loading gave maximum tensile strength (2720 psi) in a styrene-butadiene vulcanizate. Hardness generally increased with increasing D.S. and starch contents. The thiourethane decreased compression set and increased abrasion resistance. The former was lowest and the latter highest at ca. 0.20 D.S. and 25 phr starch. Both set and abrasion were lowest with thiourethane prepared from xanthate made in a “Roto-feed” process rather than a “Ko-Kneader” operation. Rebound was not appreciably changed, and increase of volume swelling in water was small upon thiourethane incorporation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070160807
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-temperature superposition of a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer cast from organic solvents (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1625-1629 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100821
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crosslinking of cyanoethylated cotton (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 14 (1970), S. 1911-1912 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1970.070140724
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft copolymers of starch and poly(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride). Preparation and testing as flocculating agentsPaper presented at the 158th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, September 1969. (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 14 (1970), S. 2601-2609 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The title monomer (I) has been graft polymerized onto whole wheat starch with both ceric ammonium nitrate and ferrous ammonium sulfate-hydrogen peroxide initiation. Three graft copolymers, which contained 4.5, 12.1, and 15.2% grafted poly(I), were characterized as to molecular weight of grafted branches and grafting frequency. Graft polymerization was proved by fractional precipitation. Graft copolymers were tested as flocculating agents for diatomaceous silica and nonmagnetic iron ore. The graft copolymers with 12.1 and 15.2% grafted poly(I) compared favorably in flocculating ability with a commercial high molecular weight cationic polyacrylamide.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1970.070141015
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thiolation of starch and other polysaccharidesPresented at 164th National Meeting of American Chemical Society, New York, New York, August 27-September 1, 1972. (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 1607-1615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thiolated starches with a degree of substitution of 0.01-0.6 were obtained by pyrolysis of starch dithiobis(thioformates) followed by saponification. The pyrolytic decomposition of dithiobis(thioformates) followed two pathways: (1) to thionocarbonate , carbon disulfide, and sulfur, and (2) to dithiocarbonate , carbonyl sulfide, and sulfur. Only the second pathway affords thiolation. Thiol groups were determined by Ellman's reagent, by sulfur analyses, and, following acetylation, by the ratio of O-acetyl versus S-acetyl absorption in nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The poly-saccharides cellulose, dextran, and xylan were thiolated by the same procedure.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070170523
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft copolymers of starch with mixtures of acrylamide and the nitric acid salt of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 2835-2845 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Mixtures of acrylamide and the nitric acid salt of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA·HNO3) have been graft polymerized onto unmodified wheat starch with ferrous ammonium sulfate-hydrogen peroxide initiation. Graft polymerizations were carried out with both unswollen starch granules and granules that had been swollen by heating in water to 60°C. Ungrafted synthetic polymers were removed from graft copolymers by cold-water extraction and were characterized by their M̄n and DMAEMA·HNO3 content. Graft copolymers were characterized with respect to per cent add-on, M̄n and DMAEMA·HNO3 content of grafted polymer, and grafting frequency. Ungrafted synthetic polymers contained a mole percentage of DMAEMA·HNO3 equal to or greater than that present in the initial monomer mixtures; whereas in most grafted polymers the mole-% DMAEMA·HNO3 in the grafted branches was less than that in the starting monomers. At all monomer ratios examined, polymer grafted to swollen starch granules contained a higher percentage of DMAEMA·HNO3 then polymer grafted to unswollen starch. The influence of starch granule swelling on the molecular weight and frequency of grafted branches was correlated with the composition of the initial monomer mixture. It was determined that the effect of granule swelling on graft copolymer structure would be minimal when 25-30 mole-% DMAEMA·HNO3 was used. In an acetonitrile-water solvent system, reactions with 20 and 50 mole-% DMAEMA·HNO3 produced graft copolymers with less DMAEMA·HNO3 in grafted branches than corresponding graft polymerizations run in water. The flocculation of 3% aqueous suspensions of diatomaceous silica was examined with selected starch graft copolymers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070161110
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft copolymers by simultaneous 60Co-irradiation of starch, acrylamide, and N,N,N-trimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl sulfate (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 2205-2209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180726
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of two polypentadienes of differing tacticity by physical methods (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 14 (1970), S. 777-787 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The preparation of isotactic and syndiotactic 1,4-polypentadienes with a cis content of at least 70%-75% using i-Bu2AlH/Ti(i-OPr)4 and AlEtCl2/thiophene/Co(acetylacetonate)2 catalysts, respectively, is reported. Physical characterization of the vulcanizates, prepared by a common recipe, involving infrared analysis, DTA, simple stress-strain and swelling measurements, and dynamic mechanical measurements over a frequency range of 2 decades and temperature range of -60°C to +20°C indicated that no isomerization had taken place during vulcanization and that stereoregularity of the polymer chains affected the resultant cure: the isotactic form was found to have a greater crosslink density than the syndiotactic form. Master curves covering an extended frequency range were constructed from the reduced dynamic mechanical data and the calculated quantities - thermal expansion coefficients of free volume and the fractional free volumes at the glass transition temperatures - agree with the accepted values. Glass transition temperatures of the isotactic and syndiotactic polymers are -37°C and -42°C, respectively, and for their vulcanizates, -33°C and -40°C, respectively.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1970.070140321
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