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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (24)
  • ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT  (5)
  • 1970-1974  (23)
  • 1965-1969  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 197-214 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Our previous paper described graphical procedures for evaluating the mode of association in ideal discrete and indefinite cases. This paper concerns the application of such procedures in cases where the non-ideality term BM1 must be considered. Bovine liver L-glutamate dehydrogenase and lysozyme are used as model systems. Several graphical procedures for dealing with cases of 1 - m, 1 - m - n, or indefinite association are developed. The procedure is based on the evaluation of the weight-fraction monomer with-out prior calculation of BM1, using graphical analysis to evaluate the non-ideality term.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde der Einfluß der sterischen Hinderung durch Polypeptid-Seitenketten auf den Wachstumsmechanismus von Polypeptidkristallen während der Polymerisation untersucht. Dabei wurden von uns Untersuchungen der Kinetik der heterogenen Polymerisation von L-Valin-LEUCHS-Anhydrid (NCA), L-Isoleucin-NCA und L-Leucin-NCA mit Butylamin als Initiator in Acetonitril und der Strukturen sowie der Morphologie der gebildeten Polymere durchgeführt. In den Anfangsstadien der Polymerisation bildeten sich Oligomere, die in dünnen, bandförmigen Kristallen mit antiparalleler β-Konformation kristallisierten. Die molekularen Anordnungen in den Kristallen wurden mit Hilfe der Elektronenbeugung untersucht. In den späteren Stadien der Polymerisation setzten die gewachsenen Poly(L-valin)- und Poly-(L-iso1eucin)-Ketten die β-Struktur weiter fort, und ihre aktiven Enden wurden in den gebildeten Kristallen eingeschlossen, was ein-Einpendeln des Umsatzes bei einem niedrigen Wert zur Folge hatte. Poly(L-leucin) andererseits schien Kristalle mit gestreckten Ketten zu bilden, die zu einem sehr hohen Umsatz führten. Dies kann nicht ohne die Annahme erklärt werden, daß sich auf den in den Anfangsstadien der Polymerisation gebildeten β-Skelettkristallen α-Helix-Ketten bilden, wie dies im Falle des Poly(L-alanins) bereits früher berichtet wurde.
    Notes: In order to examine the effect of the steric hindrance by the polypeptide side chains on the growth mechanism of polypeptide crystals in the course of polymerization, we studied kinetics of the heterogeneous polymerization of L-valine N-carboxy anhydride (NCA), L-isoleucine NCA, and L-leucine NCA initiated by butylamine in acetonitrile and the structures and morphologies of the resultant polymers. In the early stages of polymerization, oligomers formed crystallized into thin ribbon-like crystals with the antiparallel β-conformation. The molecular arrangements in the crystals were studied by electron diffractions. In the later stages, the grown chains of poly(L-valine) and poly(L-isoleucine) continued to take the β-structure and their active ends were occluded in the crystals formed, which resulted in the levelling off of the conversion at a low value. On the other hand, poly(L-leucine) seemed to give the extended chain crystal, which made the conversion very high. This can not be accounted for without assuming the formation of β-helical chains onto the β-skeleton crystals formed in the early stages of polymerization as in the case of poly(L-alanine) reported previously.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einige polymere Ketone mit der Carbonylgruppe in der Hauptkette (Äthylen-Kohlenmonoxid-Copolymere) wurden mittels C-Nitrosierung der Methylengruppe und Oximierung der Carbonylgruppen in Polyoxime übergeführt. Es wird angenommen, daß das Polyoxim hauptsachlich aus 1,2-Bis(hydroxyimino)trimethylen-Einheiten aufgebaut ist. Aus den Polyoximen und bivalenten Fe-, Co-, oder Ni-Salzen wurden polymere Metallkomplexe dargestellt, die zu einer umkehrbaren Aufnahme und Abgabe von molekularem Sauerstoff be fähigt sind. Insbesondere der Fe-Komplex kann auch Kohlenmonoxid aufnehmen und abgeben.
    Notes: Polyketones with carbonyl groups in the polymer backbone (ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymer) have been converted into a novel polyoxime by means of C-nitrosation of the methylene groups and oximation of the carbonyl groups. The polyoxime is considered to be composed largely of 1,2-bis(hydroxyimino)trimethylene units. From the polyoxime and divalent Fe-, Co-, or Ni-salts, polymeric metal chelate complexes were prepared which are capable of combining reversibly with molecular oxygen and, especially the Fe-complex, also with carbon monoxide.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 165-180 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The spherulitic growth data that exist in the literature for a wide diversity of polymers have been analyzed according to various possible nucleation mechanisms. It is demonstrated that, if allowed a reasonable choice for the equilibrium melting temperature, no unbiased selection of a unique nucleation process can be made. Moreover, a set of universal parameters exists for each of the allowable nucleation processes which enables the data to be represented by a single straight line which encompasses all the polymers. The only quantities specific to a given polymer are the equilibrium melting temperature and the activation energy for transport. The magnitude of the latter quantity is shown to be dependent on the glass temperature of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1365-1375 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: If a low-density polyethylene sheet is treated in a corona discharge and subsequently pressed to a similarly treated sheet at 45°C, the bond formed is much stronger than that between similarly pressed but untreated sheets. Several series of observations have indicated that this enhanced autohesion is not due to surface oxidation or to surface crosslinking (CASING). Evidence is presented that the effect may be related to some type of electret formation induced in the polymer sheet by the corona discharge.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Polymerisation der Leuchs-Anhydride aus Glycin und β-Alanin mit Butylamin als Initiator wurde untersucht. Das Polymere scheidet sich in Form von Sphärolithen aus, die aus bändchenförmigen Kristall-Lamellen bestehen. In den bändchenförmigen Kristallen sind die mit Wasserstoffbrücken verbundenen Moleküle antiparallel orientiert. Diese Ergebnisse unterscheiden sich von den früher für α-Aminosäuren mitgeteilten, bei denen sich gestrecktkettige Kristalle unter Ausbildung der α-Helix bilden. Der Mechanismus des Wachstums der Kristalle wird diskutiert.
    Notes: The polymerization of N-carboxy anhydrides of glycine and β-alanine was studied in acetonitrile with butylamine as initiator. As was expected from the similarity of the backbone chain structure to nylons, the polymer precipitated in the form of a spherulite consisting of ribbon like crystalline units just as in the case of nylons previously reported. The molecules in the ribbon like crystals were arranged antiparallel forming a hydrogenbonded sheet. The result contrasts with that reported previously on some α-amino acids which gave helical polymer molecules organized in the form of an extended chain crystal. The mechanism of the crystal growth has been discussed along the same line as in the case of nylons.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1125-1133 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Detailed studies of the fusion of natural rubber, following isothermal crystallization, has revealed a hitherto undetected low temperature transition which depends on the crystallization temperature. This transition is shown to be a melting phenomenon which is not caused by any polymorphic structural changes. It can be attributed to the formation of less stable crystallites which develop as the transition progresses.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 431-441 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The copolymer poly Glu42Lys28Ala30 was crosslinked by S-S bridges by reaction with butyrothiolactone followed by air oxidation of the mercaptan covalent adduct. The modified copolypeptide was more compact hydrodynamically, more resistant to the structurally disruptive effects of urea, and able to bind dye cations with much increased avidity.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 4 (1966), S. 365-374 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Samples of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) have been prepared by bulk polymerization under conditions previously investigated in the literature. The molecular weight distributions were determined for early-conversion samples by gel permeation chromatography, and the experimental distribution curves were compared with calculated curves based on kinetic data. The agreement between the experimental and calculated curves was such as to indicate the utility of gel permeation chromatography in the investigation of polymer reaction kinetics and mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 181-196 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Studies of the crystallization kinetics of natural rubber networks held in simple extension are reported. In these experiments the length of the specimen was held constant, and the crystallization process was followed by the decay in stress that occurred. A wide range of extension ratios and crystallization temperatures was encompassed by these experiments. From an analysis of the shapes of the crystallization isotherms, it can be concluded that major changes take place in the nucleation and growth processes as the extension ratio is increased. This conclusion is in accord with reports in the literature of changes in the crystallite morphology with extension ratio. Analysis of the temperature coefficient of crystallization, by means of nucleation theory, indicates a substantial increase in apparent interfacial free energies with increased deformation. This latter observation is interpreted to indicate a departure from a correlated crystallization process to one where isolated crystallites are formed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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