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  • 1
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    Identification of the Female Japanese Beetle Sex Pheromone: Inhibition of Male Response by an Enantiomer (1977)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-08-19
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A sex attractant of the olive fruit fly, Dacus oleae and its biological activity under laboratory and field conditions (1977)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 21 (1977), S. 81-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Flüchtige Substanzen von Laborzucht- und wilden Weibchen von Dacus oleae (Gmelin) wurden mit verschiedenen Methoden gewonnen; sie lockten Männchen derselben Art während der Stunden ihrer sexuellen Aktivität (Abenddämmerung) in Labor- und Feldversuchen an. Die Existenz eines flüchtigen Sexualpheromons bei dieser Art, bisher nur vermutet, wurde somit bewiesen. Labor- und Feldkäfigversuche zeigten eine Pheromon-Kommunikation zwischen Laborzucht- und wilden Insekten.
    Notes: Abstract Volatile substances collected by various methods from laboratory and wild female Dacus oleae (Gmelin) flies attracted males of the same species during the hours of sexual activity (dusk) in laboratory and field tests. The presence of an air-borne sex pheromone in this species, previously suspected, was thus verified. Laboratory and field cage tests showed pheromonal communication between laboratory-reared and wild insects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300345
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attractivity of 3.13-octadecadien-1-01 acetates to the male clearwing moth Synanthedon myopaeformis (Borkhausen) (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae) (1978)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 23 (1978), S. 301-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334166
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation, identification, and synthesis of the sex pheromone of the tobacco budworm (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 1 (1975), S. 203-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: sex pheromone ; Heliothis virescens (F.) ; (Z)-11-hexadecenal ; (Z)-9-tetradecenal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The sex attractant of adult tobacco budworms,Heliothis virescens (F.) was isolated from ether washes of “calling” females and verified as active by field cage bioassays. The components of the pheromone were identified as (Z)-11-hexadecenal and (Z)-9-tetradecenal by spectroscopic and microdegradative methods. The two components are inactive when tested separately, but when they are mixed in the ratio in which they occur in female washes (16∶1, respectively), the synthesized mixture is equivalent to the natural one in attracting males in large cages. In field tests, 53 μg of synthesized mixture was competitive with four live females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987869
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field evidence of synergism and inhibition in the sesiidae sex pheromone system (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sesiidae ; Synanthedon ; sex pheromones ; inhibition ; synergism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The E,Z, Z,Z, and Z,E geometric isomers of 3,13 octadecadien-1-ol acetate were used singly and in binary combinations to trap sesiids in Wisconsin cherry orchards. The Z,E isomer alone did not capture any sesiids. A synergistic effect, however, of Z,E onSynanthedon pictipes response to its pheromone E,Z was demonstrated for the first time. Strong inhibitory effects of the Z,Z isomer onS. pictipes response to E,Z, and of the E,Z isomer onS. scitula response to Z,Z, were found. As little as 0.5% of Z,Z in E,Z completely inhibited theS. pictipes response. This species' response was also reduced by 85% when Z,Z was evaporated at 4 points, each ca. 6 m from the pheromone trap. Consistencies and discrepancies of the data with relevant experimental results from other geographical areas are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988133
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemically mediated host finding byBiosteres (Opius) longicaudatus, a parasitoid of tephritid fruit fly larvae (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Host finding ; Biosteres (Opius) longicaudatus Ashmead ; ethanol ; acetaldehyde ; fungi ; fermentation ; Tephritidae ; parasitoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Host finding by the fruit fly parasitoidBiosteres (Opius)longicaudatus Ashmead was found to involve attraction to fermentation products emanating from rotting fruit, a probable site for location of host larvae. Bioassays conducted in the greenhouse with all saturated 1-, 2-, and 3-carbon primary alcohols, aldehydes, and organic acids indicated that acetaldehyde was the most active agent followed by ethanol and acetic acid. Rotting fruit was attractive irrespective of the presence of host larvae, and attraction was attributed to fungal fermentation products rather than to kairomones from host larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994145
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the white peach scale sex pheromone (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 5 (1979), S. 941-953 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: White peach scale ; Pseudaulacaspis pentagona ; pheromone ; attractant ; microtechniques ; enantiomer ; isomers ; (R,Z)-3 ; 9-dimethyl-6-isopropenyl-3 ; 9-decadien-1-ol propionate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Micro techniques were used to obtain spectroscopic and degradative information from less than 5μg of the sex attractant of female white peach scale,Pseudaulascaspis pentagons (Targioni-Tozzetti) isolated from airborne collections. The pheromone was identified as (Z)-3,9-dimethyl-6-isopropenyl-3,9-decadien-1-ol propionate. Both enantiomers of theZ isomer and also the enantiomers of theE isomer were prepared from (R)-or (S)-limonene. Bioassays of material with minimum enantiomeric purity of 95% showed that at extreme dilution only theR,Z isomer attracted male white peach scale; however activity of theS,Z enantiomer could not be completely excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990217
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response to pheromone traps and disruption of pheromone communication in the lesser peachtree borer and the peachtree borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 2 (1976), S. 73-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Synanthedon pictipes ; Sanninoidea exitiosa ; Sesiidae ; pheromone communication disruption ; insect pheromone trapping ; peachtree borer ; lesser peachtree borer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The sex pheromone communication of the lesser peachtree borer,Synanthedon pictipes (Grote and Robinson), and the peachtree borer,Sanninoidea exitiosa (Say), can be disrupted by permeation of the atmosphere with their respective sex pheromones, (E,Z)- and (Z,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate. The two isomers seemed equally effective against both species. Disruption was greatest when the pheromone was evaporated from the tops of the peach trees; also, pheromone traps placed in the tree tops captured significantly more males than did traps placed lower in the trees. Neither the color nor the directional placement in a tree (NE, NW, SE, SW) of pheromone-baited traps influenced captures of male lesser peachtree borers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988026
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure elucidation of insect pheromones by microanalytical methods (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 2 (1976), S. 87-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: insect pheromones ; microspectroscopic techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The isolation and identification of pheromones at the microgram level requires specialized techniques. The pheromones are obtained in the purity required for structural studies by high-speed, high-pressure liquid chromatography using silicic acid- and silver nitrate-treated columns and micropreparative GLC. Then, microchemical reactions, including hydrogenation, ozonolysis, and epoxidation are combined with infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectral studies to elucidate the structure of these compounds. In many cases these techniques are synergistic when combined. Thus, samples of 5–10 μg of most organic compounds under molecular weight 350 are sufficient for complete structural elucidation by using microchemical and spectroscopic techniques. The reduction in sample (2 μg) size necessary for good PMR spectra is significant because the information provided by this technique is often critical to the elucidation of a structure, and sensitivity of PMR has been one of the limiting factors in microspectroscopic analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988028
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heliothis virescens: Attraction of males to blends of (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol formate and (Z)-9-tetradecenal (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 4 (1978), S. 709-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Tobacco budworm ; Heliothis virescens (F.) ; virelure ; pheromone ; sex attractant ; (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol formate ; (Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol formate ; (Z)-11-hexadecenal ; (Z)-9-tetradecenal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In field trapping experiments, 16∶1 and 32∶1 blends of (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol formate (Z-9-TDF) and (Z)-9-tetradecenal (Z-9-TDAL) caught as manyHeliothis virescens (F.) as 3 virgin females and virelure, the synthetic pheromone of this species [a 16∶1 mixture of (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z-11-HDAL) and (Z)-9-tetradecenal]. Z-9-TDF and (Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol formate (Z-7-DDF) are structurally similar to Z-11-HDAL and Z-9-TDAL, respectively. The sensory input elicited by Z-9-TDF appears to substitute for the sensory input of Z-1 1-HDAL. In contrast, Z-7-DDF had no significant effect on catches of maleH. virescens when used alone, in combination with either Z-11-HDAL or Z-9-TDF as a bait in traps, or as a disruptant of pheromone communication via permeation of the atmosphere. Furthermore, Z-9-TDF may be a more stable and economical attractant forH, virescens males than is Z-1 1-HDAL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990281
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