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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (14)
  • AERONAUTICS (GENERAL)  (1)
  • Project report/description  (1)
  • 1975-1979  (16)
  • 1
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    The Viking seismic experiment (1976)
    In:  Science, Luxembourg, EGS-Gauthier-Villars, vol. 194, no. 6717, pp. 1318-1321, pp. 2324
    Details
    Publication Date: 1976
    Keywords: Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Project report/description ; Toksoez ; Toksoz
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    The Viking seismic experiment (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A three-axis short-period seismometer is now operating on Mars in the Utopia Planitia region. The noise background correlates well with wind gusts. Although no quakes have been detected in the first 60 days of observation, it is premature to draw any conclusions about the seismicity of Mars. The instrument is expected to return data for at least 2 years.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science; 194; Dec. 17
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Acoustic tests of duct-burning turbofan jet noise simulation (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results of a static acoustic and aerodynamic performance, model-scale test program on coannular unsuppressed and multielement fan suppressed nozzle configurations are summarized. The results of the static acoustic tests show a very beneficial interaction effect. When the measured noise levels were compared with the predicted noise levels of two independent but equivalent conical nozzle flow streams, noise reductions for the unsuppressed coannular nozzles were of the order of 10 PNdB; high levels of suppression (8 PNdB) were still maintained even when only a small amount of core stream flow was used. The multielement fan suppressed coannular nozzle tests showed 15 PNdB noise reductions and up to 18 PNdB noise reductions when a treated ejector was added. The static aerodynamic performance tests showed that the unsuppressed coannular plug nozzles obtained gross thrust coefficients of 0.972, with 1.2 to 1.7 percent lower levels for the multielement fan-suppressed coannular flow nozzles. For the first time anywhere, laser velocimeter velocity profile measurements were made on these types of nozzle configurations and with supersonic heated flow conditions. Measurements showed that a very rapid decay in the mean velocity occurs for the nozzle tested.
    Keywords: AERONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-2966 , DOC-R77AEG524
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Seismology on Mars (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: High-quality data (uncontaminated by lander or wind noise) obtained with a three-axis short-period seismometer operating on Mars in the Utopia Planitia region are analyzed. No large events have been detected during the first five months of operation covered in the present paper. This indicates that Mars is less seismically active than the earth. Winds, and therefore a seismic background, began to intrude into the nighttime hours, starting with sol 119 (sol is a Martian day). The seismic background correlates well with wind velocity, and is proportional to the square of the wind velocity, as is appropriate for turbulent flow. A local seismic event of a magnitude of 3 and a distance of 110 km was detected on sol 80. It is interpreted as a natural seismic event.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 82; Sept. 30
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Shallow lunar structure determined from the passive seismic experiment (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Data relevant to the shallow structure of the moon obtained at the Apollo seismic stations are compared with previously published results of the active seismic experiments. It is concluded that the lunar surface is covered by a layer of low seismic velocity which appears to be equivalent to the lunar regolith defined previously by geological observations. This layer is underlain by a zone of distinctly higher seismic velocity at all of the Apollo landing sites. The regolith thicknesses at the Apollo 11, 12, and 15 sites are estimated from the shear-wave resonance to be 4.4, 3.7, and 4.4 m, respectively. These thicknesses and those determined at the other Apollo sites by the active seismic experiments appear to be correlated with the age determinations and the abundances of extralunar components at the sites.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Alsep data processing: How we processed Apollo Lunar Seismic Data (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Apollo lunar seismic station network gathered data continuously at a rate of 3 x 10 to the 8th power bits per day for nearly eight years until the termination in September, 1977. The data were processed and analyzed using a PDP-15 minicomputer. On the average, 1500 long-period seismic events were detected yearly. Automatic event detection and identification schemes proved unsuccessful because of occasional high noise levels and, above all, the risk of overlooking unusual natural events. The processing procedures finally settled on consist of first plotting all the data on a compressed time scale, visually picking events from the plots, transferring event data to separate sets of tapes and performing detailed analyses using the latter. Many problems remain especially for automatically processing extraterrestrial seismic signals.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-CR-160141
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Field Measurements of Penetrator Seismic Coupling in Sediments and Volcanic Rocks (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Field experiments were conducted to determine how well a seismometer installed using a penetrator would be coupled to the ground. A dry-lake bed and a lava bed were chosen as test sites to represent geological environments of two widely different material properties. At each site, two half-scale penetrators were fired into the ground, a three-component geophone assembly was mounted to the aft end of each penetrator, and dummy penetrators were at various distances to generate seismic signals. These signals were detected by the penetrator-mounted geophone assembly and by a reference geophone assembly buried or anchored to surface rock and 1-m from the penetrator. The recorded signals were digitized, and cross-spectral analyses were performed to compare the observed signals in terms of power spectral density ratio, coherence, and phase difference. The analyses indicate that seismometers deployed by penetrators will be as well coupled to the ground as are seismometers installed by conventional methods for the frequency range of interest in earthquake seismology.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-TM-78572 , A-7770
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Structure of the lunar mantle (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The structure of the lunar mantle is examined by using data on the decay of shear wave amplitude with distance and the relative arrival times of P and S waves. The new analysis confirms a previous lunar model based primarily upon travel times and more closely defines certain properties of the lunar mantle. A negative shear wave velocity gradient of 0.0013 (km/s)/km, shear wave Q of 4000, and Poisson's ratio of 0.250 plus or minus 0.025 are found for the upper mantle, which lies between the depths of 60 and 300 km. A rapid decrease of shear wave velocity with increasing depth is observed starting at around a 300-km depth, associated with a lower Q for shear waves. Poisson's ratio in the lower part of the middle mantle, which extends to a depth of about 1000 km, is estimated to be 0.36 plus or minus 0.02.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 81; Sept. 10
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Shallow moonquakes - Depth, distribution and implications as to the present state of the lunar interior (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The observed seismic amplitudes of HFT (high-frequency teleseismic) events do not vary with distance as expected for surface sources, but are consistent with sources in the upper mantle of the moon. Thus, the upper mantle of the moon is the only zone where tectonic stresses deriving from differential thermal contraction and expansion of the lunar interior are presently high enough to cause moonquakes. The distribution of shallow moonquake epicenters suggests a possible correlation with impact basins, implying a lasting tectonic influence of impact basins long after their formation. The finite depths now assigned to these shallow moonquakes necessitate further revision to the seismic structural model of the lunar interior.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 19, 1979 - Mar 23, 1979; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Seismic structure of the moon - A summary of current status (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A seismic model of the moon, refined from previous models with the aid of new data and analyses for seismic events recorded by four Apollo lunar seismic stations and a gravimeter, is outlined. The current model has five zones. The crust is 55-60 km thick. The surface is covered by regolith of varying thicknesses and low seismic velocity. The seismic Q's are extremely high. The upper mantle, 250 km thick, is characterized by seismic velocities close to those of the earth's upper mantle, and shear wave Q of about 4000. Tidally controlled deep moonquakes are concentrated near the boundary of the middle mantle, 600-700 km thick. A lower mantle extending to an undetermined depth is characterized by high attenuation of shear waves. The existence of a low-velocity core is only tentatively proposed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 15, 1976 - Mar 19, 1976; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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