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  • 1
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    The Viking seismic experiment (1976)
    In:  Science, Luxembourg, EGS-Gauthier-Villars, vol. 194, no. 6717, pp. 1318-1321, pp. 2324
    Details
    Publication Date: 1976
    Keywords: Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Project report/description ; Toksoez ; Toksoz
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Thermal Structure of Jupiter's Upper Atmosphere Derived from the Galileo Probe (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-04-04
    Description: Temperatures in Jupiter's atmosphere derived from Galileo Probe deceleration data increase from 109 kelvin at the 175-millibar level to 900 ± 40 kelvin at 1 nanobar, consistent with Voyager remote sensing data. Wavelike oscillations are present at all levels. Vertical wavelengths are 10 to 25 kilometers in the deep isothermal layer, which extends from 12 to 0.003 millibars. Above the 0.003-millibar level, only 90- to 270- kilometer vertical wavelengths survive, suggesting dissipation of wave energy as the probable source of upper atmosphere heating.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seiff -- Kirk -- Knight -- Young -- Milos -- Venkatapathy -- Mihalov -- Blanchard -- Schubert -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Apr 4;276(5309):102-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉A. Seiff, Department of Meteorology, San Jose State University Foundation and MS 245-1, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. D. B. Kirk, University of Oregon, 37465 Riverside Drive, Pleasant Hill, Oregon 97455, USA. T. C. D. Knight, 2370 S. Brentwood St., Lakewood, CO 80227, USA. L. A. Young, Center for Space Physics, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. F. S. Milos, M.S. 234-1, Ames Research Center, NASA, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. E. Venkatapathy, Eloret Institute, MS 230-2, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. J. D. Mihalov and R. E. Young, MS 245-3, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. R. C. Blanchard, MS 408A, Langley Research Center, NASA, Hampton, VA 23681, USA. G. Schubert, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9082977" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Structure of the Atmosphere of Jupiter: Galileo Probe Measurements (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-05-10
    Description: Temperatures and pressures measured by the Galileo probe during parachute descent into Jupiter's atmosphere essentially followed the dry adiabat between 0.41 and 24 bars, consistent with the absence of a deep water cloud and with the low water content found by the mass spectrometer. From 5 to 15 bars, lapse rates were slightly stable relative to the adiabat calculated for the observed H2/He ratio, which suggests that upward heat transport in that range is not attributable to simple radial convection. In the upper atmosphere, temperatures of 〉1000 kelvin at the 0.01-microbar level confirmed the hot exosphere that had been inferred from Voyager occultations. The thermal gradient increased sharply to 5 kelvin per kilometer at a reconstructed altitude of 350 kilometers, as was recently predicted. Densities at 1000 kilometers were 100 times those in the pre-encounter engineering model.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seiff -- Kirk -- Knight -- Mihalov -- Blanchard -- Young -- Schubert -- von Zahn U -- Lehmacher -- Milos -- Wang -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 May 10;272(5263):844-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉A. Seiff, Department of Meteorology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA. D. B. Kirk, 37465 Riverside Drive, Pleasant Hill, OR 97455, USA. T. C. D. Knight, 2370 South Brentwood Street, Lakewood, CO 80227, USA. J. D. Mihalov, R. E. Young, F. S. Milos, J. Wang, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. R. C. Blanchard, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USA. G. Schubert, Department of Earth and Space Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. U. von Zahn, Institut fur Atmospharenphysik, Universitat Rostock, D(0)-2565 Kuhlungsborn, Germany. G. Lehmacher, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8662574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wind speeds measured in the deep jovian atmosphere by the Galileo probe accelerometers (1997)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 388 (1997), S. 650-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The atmosphere of Jupiter has a complex circulation which, until recently, has been observable only at the cloud tops,; the mechanisms driving the winds, and the nature of the interior circulation, remained unknown. Recent analyses of the radio signal from the Galileo probe, obtained during its ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/388650a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Galileo Probe Atmosphere Structure instrument (1992)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 60 (1992), S. 203-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Galileo Probe Atmosphere Structure Instrument will make in-situ measurements of the temperature and pressure profiles of the atmosphere of Jupiter, starting at about 10-10 bar level, when the Probe enters the upper atmosphere at a velocity of 48 km s-1, and continuing through its parachute descent to the 16 bar level. The data should make possible a number of inferences relative to atmospheric and cloud physical processes, cloud location and internal state, and dynamics of the atmosphere. For example, atmospheric stability should be defined, from which the convective or stratified nature of the atmosphere at levels surveyed should be determined and characterized, as well as the presence of turbulence and/or gravity waves. Because this is a rare opportunity, sensors have been selected and evaluated with great care, making use of prior experience at Mars and Venus, but with an eye to special problems which could arise in the Jupiter environment. The temperature sensors are similar to those used on Pioneer Venus; pressure sensors are similar to those used in the Atmosphere Structure Experiment during descent of the Viking Landers (and by the Meteorology Experiment after landing on the surface); the accelerometers are a miniaturized version of the Viking accelerometers. The microprocessor controlled experiment electronics serve multiple functions, including the sequencing of experiment operation in three modes and performing some on-board data processing and data compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216855
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Galileo Probe Nephelometer experiment (1992)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 60 (1992), S. 179-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The objective of the Nephelometer Experient aboard the Probe of the Galileo mission is to explore the vertical structure and microphysical properties of the clouds and hazes in the atmosphere of Jupiter along the descent trajectory of the Probe (nominally from 0.1 to 〉 10 bars). The measurements, to be obtained at least every kilometer of the Probe descent, will provide the bases for inferences of mean particle sizes, particle number densities (and hence, opacities, mass densities, and columnar mass loading) and, for non-highly absorbing particles, for distinguishing between solid and liquid particles. These quantities, especially the location of the cloud bases, together with other quantities derived from this and other experiments aboard the Probe, will not only yield strong evidence for the composition of the particles, but, using thermochemical models, for species abundances as well. The measurements in the upper troposphere will provide ‘ground truth’ data for correlation with remote sensing instruments aboard the Galileo Orbiter vehicle. The instrument is carefully designed and calibrated to measure the light scattering properties of the particulate clouds and hazes at scattering angles of 5.8°, 16°, 40°, 70°, and 178°. The measurement sensitivity and accuracy is such that useful estimates of mean particle radii in the range from about 0.2 to 20 μ can be inferred. The instrument will detect the presence of typical cloud particles with radii of about 1.0 μ, or larger, at concentrations of less than 1 cm3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216854
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
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    Wind speeds measured in the deep jovian atmosphere by the Galileo probe accelerometers (1997)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 8
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    Seismology on Mars (1977)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-09-30
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 9
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    The Viking seismic experiment (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A three-axis short-period seismometer is now operating on Mars in the Utopia Planitia region. The noise background correlates well with wind gusts. Although no quakes have been detected in the first 60 days of observation, it is premature to draw any conclusions about the seismicity of Mars. The instrument is expected to return data for at least 2 years.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science; 194; Dec. 17
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    A proposed comet nucleus penetrator for the Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby mission (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The importance of the study of comets has led NASA to plan a mission to rendezvous with comet Tempel 2 in 1997. Critical to the understanding of comets will be measurements of the nucleus material to determine its elemental and isotopic composition, its mechanical properties, and its thermal state and properties. this paper describes a proposal for a Comet Nucleus Penetrator to accomplish these measurement goals. The Comet Nucleus Penetrator will implant instruments into the comet's nucleus beneath a probable volatile-depleted surface mantle into material more representative of the bulk composition of the nucleus.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: IAF PAPER 86-297
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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