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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of melatonin, constant light, or blinding on reproductive system of gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) (1976)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 1341-1342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Male and female gerbils were implanted s.c. with a pellet containing 2 mg melatonin/23 mg beeswax every 2 weeks for a total of 3 implants. A significant depression of ovarian and uterine weight was noted in female gerbils receiving melatonin implants. In the melatonin-treated male gerbils, growth of the accessory organs was significantly inhibited although testis size was not depressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01953128
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral sympathetic innervation of the deep pineal gland of the golden hamster (1976)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 1071-1072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Both the superficial and deep pineal components of the intact hamster contain a rich network of green to yellow-green fluorescent nerve fibres. After either superior cervical ganglionectomy or after transection of the nervi conarii the majority of the fluorescing fibres disappeared from both the superficial and deep pineal mases. Although the deep pineal remained intact after surgical removal of the superficial pineal, it was devoid of any green or yellowgreen fluorescent fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01933978
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of pinealectomy on serum estrogen and progesterone levels in blind-anosmic female rats (1978)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 34 (1978), S. 1378-1379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies show that the suppression of gonadal function in blind-anosmic rats is dependent on the pineal gland. The present results demonstrate that in young female rats both the pineal gland and dual sensory deprivation have additional independent antigonaldal effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01981486
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The electric potential of the ionosphere as controlled by the solar magnetic sector structure (1976)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 63 (1976), S. 192-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624220
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pineal gland and seasonal reproductive adjustments (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 19 (1975), S. 282-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The pineal gland seems to play a major role in controlling and synchronizing circannual reproductive cycles in some mammals. The following scheme is based primarily on experimental evidence compiled using the golden hamster. However, it is probably applicable in one form or another to a number of long day breeding species. When hamsters are kept under natural photoperiodic conditions they exhibit a period of infertility followed by a period of fertility. The entire cycle encompasses approximately one year. The cycle has been divided into 4 distinctive phases: the inhibition phase, the sexually quiescent phase, the restoration phase, and the sexually active phase. During the inhibition phase the decreasing photoperiods in the fall of the year cause activation of the pineal gland and, as a consequence, gonadal regression. The sexually quiescent phase requires an intact pineal gland to maintain the gonads in a non-functional state. The restoration phase, which occurs in the spring of the year, allows the gonads to become recrudescent. This phase of the cycle seems to be light independent. The sexually active phase extends from spring until fall. During this phase the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis seems to be refractory to inhibition by the pineal gland. Some light is required during the summer months to interrupt the refractory period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01451039
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study group 8 biological effects of natural electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 19 (1975), S. 119-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01737335
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lower-tropospheric ozone of stratospheric origin (1977)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 26 (1977), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Stündliche Ozonkonzentrationswerte vom Zugspitzobservatorium des Institutes für Atmosphärische Umweltforschung, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, zeigten, daß bei einer günstigen Überlagerung von stratosphärischen und troposphärischen Strömungsfeldern die in den USA vorgeschriebene, einstündige Maximalkonzentration von 80 ppb unter Umständen um mehr als einen Faktor 2 in der unteren Troposphäre überschritten werden kann. Eine weitere Verdünnung dieser Konzentrationen kann durch die Mischungsprozesse in der planetaren Grenzschicht erwartet werden.
    Notes: Summary Using hourly ozone concentration data from Zugspitze Observatory, of the Institute for Atmospheric Environmental Research, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, it is shown that under a propitious superposition of stratospheric and tropospheric flow patterns U.S. Federal maximum ozone standards of 80 ppb can occasionally be exceeded by a factor of two or more in the lower troposphere. Further dilution of these concentrations has to be expected by mixing processes in the planetary boundary layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247161
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stratospheric-tropospheric exchange influenced by solar activity. Results of a 5 years study (1977)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 26 (1977), S. 127-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Registrierungen von Be7, Ozon und Fallout in der Luft an einem Bergobservatorium in 3 km Höhe (Zugspitze) bilden die Grundlage für eine Untersuchung der Frage, ob die Häufigkeit stratosphärischer Lufteinbrüche in die Troposphäre von solaren Ereignissen beeinflußt wird. Die Daten umfassen den Zeitraum von Ende 1969 bis Februar 1975. Ein Zufluß stratosphärischer Luft zu der Meßstation wird durch einen bemerkenswerten Anstieg der Konzentrationen der 3 genannten Spurenstoffe stratosphärischen Ursprungs signifikant angezeigt. Wir benutzen die Synchronisationsmethode un Stichtage um die Abhängigkeit der Konzentrationen der stratosphärischen Spurenstoffe von solaren Ereignissen zu studieren. Folgende Ereignisse werden als Stichtage verwendet: a)H α Eruptionen mit Stärke 〉1 und zwischen 20°W und 20°E heliographischer Länge; b) Passagen der Sektorengrenzen des solaren interplanetarischen Magnetfeldes, wobei seine Polarität berücksichtigt wird. Abgesehen von den Konzentrationen der stratosphärischen Stoffe werden die folgenden Parameter synchronisiert: Calcium-Flecken-Index, Sonnenfleckenzahl, Neutronenkomponente der kosmischen Strahlung, geomagnetische Aktivität. Nicht zuletzt werden die stratosphärischen Verweilzeiten mit in Betracht gezogen. Auf der Grundlage dieser so gewonnenen Ergebnisse konnte mit Sicherheit festgestellt werden, daß die Häufigkeit der Stratosphärenluft-Einbrüche nachH α-Eruptionen und Passagen von interplanetarischen magnetischen Sektorengrenzen deutlich ansteigt. Dieser Zusammenhang gilt nicht nur während maximaler solarer Aktivität, sondern auch während solarer Ruhe.
    Notes: Summary Recordings of the Be7 and fallout in air and O3 obtained at a mountain observatory in 3 km altitude (Zugspitze) constitute the basis for a study of the question whether the frequency of intrusions of stratospheric air into the troposphere is influenced by solar events. The data cover the period from end of 1969 to February 1975. An influx of stratospheric air passing the measuring station is indicated by a noticeable increase in concentration of the said 3 stratospheric materials. As a statistical method we are using superposed epoch analyses for studying the variations of the concentrations of the stratospheric materials. The following solar events are used as key days: a)H α flares with importance〉1 and between 20°W and 20°E of heliographic length; b) passages of solar magnetic sector structure boundaries considering thereby their polarity. Aside from the stratospheric materials 1. the following solar parameters are superposed: Sunspot number, calcium plage index, solar flux intensity (2695 MHz), and 2. the following geophysical parameters: Radio propagation index, neutron component of cosmic rays, geomagnetic index. Not at least the stratospheric residence time is taken into account. Based on the results it can be established with certainty that the frequency of stratospheric intrusions into the troposphere is distinctly increased by solar flares and passages of solar magnetic sector structure boundaries. This correlation is not only significant during maximum solar activity but also during solar quiet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247159
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparing lidar reflectivity profiles against measured profiles of vertical aerosol distribution between 1 and 3 km a. s. l. (1975)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 24 (1975), S. 69-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein System beschrieben, welches unter Ausnutzung der Vorteile des Hochgebirges (Hochgebirgsstationen, Seilbahngondeln als Instrumententräger) erlaubt, systematische Vergleiche zwischen Lidar-Rückstreuung einerseits und Aerosolkonzentrationen sowie aerologischen Daten andererseits anzustellen. Die Lidar-Analge wird beschrieben. Ergebnisse werden anhand von simultan gewonnenen Lidar-Rückstreuprofilen und Profilen der Aerosolkonzentrationen (Kondensationskerne) sowie der Temperatur- und Feuchteprofile besprochen. Es zeigt sich eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung zwischen Lidar-Rückstreuung und Logarithmus der Zahl der Kondensationskerne. Ein Einfluß des Wachstums der Partikel bei hohen relativen Feuchten ist zu beobachten, er reicht aber nicht zur allgemeinen Beschreibung der Lida-Rückstreuprofile aus.
    Notes: Summary A system is described which permits the systematic comparing between Lidar reflectivity on the one hand, and aerosol concentration as well as aerological data, on the other hand, taking advantage of the alpine situation (high mountain stations, cable cars used as instrument carriers). Results are discussed using simultaneously obtained Lidar reflectivity profiles and profiles of aerosol concentration (condensation nuclei), plus temperature and humidity lapse rates. Very good agreement is found between Lidar reflectivity and logarithm of number of condensation nuclei. With high relative humidities some influence of the growth of the particles is noted which, however, is not sufficient in general to describe Lidar reflectivity profiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247559
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influx of stratospheric air into the lower troposphere increased after solar Hα flares, X ray flares and after passages of solar magnetic sector structure boundaries (1975)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 24 (1975), S. 147-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine vorangegange, vorläufige Untersuchung zur Frage, ob durch solare Ereignisse die Häufigkeit von Einbrüchen stratosphärischer Luft in die untere Troposphäre erhöht ist, wurde durch wesentliche Vermehrung der Daten untermauert. Aus der Zeit von Ende 1969 bis einschließlich 1972 wurde nunmehr signifikant gesichert, daß die Häufigkeit der eben erwähnten Stratosphärenluft-Einbrüche nach Hα und X Ray flares auf der Sonne und außerdem nach Passagen von Sektorengrenzen des solaren Magnetfeldes um ein Mehrfaches ansteigt. Während einer vorübergehenden, mehrmonatigen Periode erhöhter solarer Aktivität ließ sich außerdem eine Relation zur relativen Sonnenfleckenzahl nachweisen. Damit scheint sichergestellt, daß wir in gewissen solaren Ereignissen einen hauptsächlich auslösenden Vorgang für Stratosphärenluft-Einbrüche zu sehen haben. Wenn auch das Kausalgefüge noch nicht durchschaubar ist, kann die Feststellung immerhin prognostisch verwertet werden.
    Notes: Summary A previous, tentative study of the question whether solar events will increase the frequency of influxes of stratospheric air into the lower troposphere, was corroborated by considerable augmentation of the data. It has now been established significantly for the period from late 1969 through 1972, that the frequency of injections of stratospheric air will multiply after Hα and X ray flares, and also after passages of solar magnetic sector boundaries. Additionally, during periods of several months' duration, with increased solar activity, a relation to the relative sunspot number was demonstrated. It thus appears obvious that we must look to certain solar events for the main triggering process causing injections of stratospheric air. Although the causality structure involved is not cleared up, as yet, prognostic application of the finding is nevertheless possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245374
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