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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 16 (1982), S. 629-638 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Owing to the chemical instability of prostacyclin, the direct immobilization of thsi prostaglandin has not been successful. A new procedure is described for the preparation of immobilized prostacyclin based on the conversion of immobilized prostaglandin F2α to immobilized prostaglandin I2. Materials thus prepared show dramatic antiplatelet effects with regard to platelet aggregation and platelet adhesion. Radioimmunoassays of plasmas used in in vitro platelet tests and of buffers used in prostacyclin leakage studies established that these effects are not due to the release of prostacyclin from the respective immobilization substrates.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 486 (1982), S. 229-239 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Hydrothermal Treatment of A-Zeolites by Mössbauer and ESR SpectroscopyThe influence of hydrothermal treatment on the structure of primary pores of A-zeolites was systematically investigated by ESR and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The structure of primary pores of these zeolites was modified by Mg2+, Li+ and paramagnetic Fe3+ ions incorporated into the initial zeolite.Coordinations and positions of the iron ions inside of the large cavity were investigated by ESR; magnetically ordered and not magnetically ordered phases of iron on the surface of the zeolites were identified by Mössbauer spectroscopy.The hydrothermal stability of A-zeolites is essentially lowered by Mg2+ cations at high degrees of iron exchange. On the other hand the hydrothermal treatment only changes positions of the iron ions and the mass ratios and particle sizes of the iron phases on the surface of the crystallites. The hydrothermal stability of the structure of primary pores is not influenced thereby.
    Notes: Mit Hilfe der EPR- und der Mößbauerspektroskopie wurden systematische Untersuchungen des Einflusses einer Hydrothermalbehandlung auf die Primärporenstruktur von A-Zeolithen vorgenommen. Die Modifizierung der Primärporenstruktur dieser Zeolithe erfolgte durch gezielten Einbau von Mg2+- und Li+-Kationen sowie paramagnetischer Fe3+-Ionen.Durch EPR-Messungen konnten Koordinationen und Positionen der im großen Hohlraum befindlichen Eisenionen angegeben werden, während mit Hilfe der Mößbauerspektroskopie sowohl magnetisch ungeordnete als auch magnetisch geordnete Eisenphasen auf der Zeolithoberfläche identifiziert wurden.Die hydrothermale Stabilität von A-Zeolithen wird durch Mg2+-Ionen bei höheren Ionenaustauschgraden wesentlich vermindert. Im Gegensatz dazu werden durch die Hydrothermalbehandlung bei den im Zeolithen befindlichen Eisenionen nur deren Kationenpositionen und bei den auf der Kristallitoberfläche entstandenen Eisenphasen deren Massenverhältnisse und Teilchengrößen verändert. Die hydrothermale Stabilität der Primärporenstruktur von A-Zeolithen wird dadurch nicht beeinflußt.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 465 (1980), S. 15-33 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Constitution of Silicate Anions in Tetraethylammonium Silicates and their Aqueous SolutionsInvestigations by paperchromatography, 29Si-NMR spectroscopy and trimethylsilylation method show that concentrated solutions of tetraethylammonium (TEA) silicates with molar TEA:Si ratios from 2.8 to 1 contain mainly double three-ring silicate anions. Besides of these small amount of mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, cyclotri-, cyclotetra-, double four-ring- and other polycyclic silicate anions are present. From these solutions a crystalline double three-ring silicate of the formula [N(C2H5)4]6[Si6O15] · 57 H2O could be obtained by crystallization at low temperature. Concentrated solutions with TEA:Si ratios of 0.8 to 0.6 contain mainly double three-, double four-, double five- an probably double six-ring silicate anions. From such solutions always the solid TEA-double four-ring silicate is obtained by crystallization. The reasons for the prefered formation of double ring silicate anions in TEA-silicate solutions and their crystallization are discussed.
    Notes: Untersuchungen mit Hilfe der Papierchromatographie, 29Si-NMR und Trimethylsilylierungsmethode ergaben, daß in konzentrierten Tetraethylammoniumsilicatlösungen mit molaren TEA:Si-Verhältnissen von 2,8 bis 1 neben geringen Konzentrationen an Mono-, Di-, Tri-, Tetra-, Cyclotri-, Cyclotetra-, Doppelvierring- und weiteren polycyclischen Silicatanionen, vorwiegend Doppeldreiringsilicatanionen vorliegen. Bei tieferen Temperaturen kristallisiert aus diesen Lösungen ein Doppeldreiringsilicat der Formel [N(C2H5)4]6[Si6O15] · 57 H2O aus. Konzentrierte Lösungen mit TEA:Si = 0,8 bis 0,6 enthalten hauptsächlich Doppeldrei-, Doppelvier-, Doppelfünf und wahrscheinlich auch Doppelsechsringsilicatanionen. Aus diesen Lösungen kristallisiert stets das TEA-Doppelvierringsilicat aus. Die möglichen Ursachen für die bevorzugte Bildung von Doppelringsilicatanionen in TEA-Silicatlösungen und deren Kristallisation werden diskutiert.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigation of the Interaction of Quartz with H2 under Supply of Mechanical Energy. III. Temperature-programmed DesorptionThe thermodesorption of H2 from quartz, which has been mechanically stressed under H2, show one relatively broad main peak with a maximum between 760 and 580 K. Increasing degree of disorder of the solid shifts the maximum towards lower temperatures. The H2 thermodesorption may be explained as an activated diffusion process in the partially crystalline quartz. It is considered in connexion with structural and other changes of the quartz, e. g. with the concentration decreases of ≡Si· and =SiH/=SiOH radicals as well as ≡SiH and ≡SiOH groups.
    Notes: Die H2-Thermodesorption von in H2 mechanisch bearbeitetem Quarz weist einen relativ breiten Hauptpeak mit einem Maximum zwischen 760 und 580 K auf. Das Maximum wird mit steigendem Störgrad des Festkörpers zu tieferen Temperaturen verschoben. Die H2-Thermodesorption kann als aktivierter Diffusionsprozeß im partiell-kristallinen Quarz erklärt werden und wird in Verbindung mit strukturellen und anderen Veränderungen am Quarz, z. B. dem Abbau von ≡Si· - und =SiH-/=SiOH-Radikalen sowie ≡SiH- und ≡SiOH-Gruppen verfolgt.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 1207-1218 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The thermal degradation of polydisperse polystyrene samples with mol. wts. (M̄n) between 60000 and 22000 has been investigated at different temperatures under oxygen free conditions. Product analysis has been carried out by GPC. The experimental degradation could be simulated by a model consisting of scission and depolymerization. The dynamical behaviour of this model is expressed in a matrix from. The ratio of scission and depolymerization is constant for all polymers and different temperatures during degradation. Therefore, a master curve could be evaluated, which gives a general relation between the decrease of mol. wt. and the mass of volatiles. Finally a radical chain mechanism has been proposed in a lumped form which is consistent with the kinetic model and the experimental results.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 991-1001 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Thermal degradation of polystyrene (PS) was carried out in the absence of oxygen between 292 and 336°C. The formed volatile products were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively by means of gas charomatography. It was found that the composition of the volatile fraction is a function of conversion and independent of temperature for most of the products. A radical chain mechanism is proposed to explain these experimental results.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 181 (1980), S. 1071-1080 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Enthalpies of solution, dilution and mixing of several dextran fractions with different molecular weights (MW) and low MW carbohydrates were determined in water and dimethyl sulfoxide at 25°C. The enthalpies of solution of dextran increase in the oligomer range up to a MW of about 1000; for higher MWs the enthalpies of solution are almost constant. The enthalpies of dilution decrease strongly with increasing MW and remain constant for MWs higher than 2 000. The interaction parameter was found to depend on the concentration of the solute in both solvents. From the experimental results it can be concluded that dimethyl sulfoxide is a better solvent for glucose and dextran than water. In dilute solutions glucose interacts considerably more strongly with the solvent than dextran. The conformational properties of dextran are similar in both solvents; for MWs above 2 000 the degree of solvation is found to be independent from the MW.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 2205-2212 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The influence of branching on the radius of gyration and the hydrodynamic radius of dextran macromolecules was studied by elastic and quasielastic light scattering (ELS and QELS). The hydrodynamic radius is more sensitive to low levels of branching than the radius of gyration. At higher branching levels a saturation of the hydrodynamic radius rh is observed, while the radius of gyration rG still changes distinctly. The ratio rG/rh proves to be a measure of the flexibility of the macromolecules; the latter is increasing with molecular weight for short linear chains and is decreasing with increasing degree of branching. Measurements were carried out in water (thermodynamically good solvent) and in ethylene glycol (under theta conditions) on four series of dextran fractions having rather narrow molecular weight distributions.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 31 (1980), S. 267-271 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations into the corrosion processes on steel after one-time's chloride contaminationInvestigation of chloride adsorption and desorption on mild steel St 37 (1.0120) and austenitic stainless steel X 5 CrNi 189 (1.4301) showed chloride adsorption layer, determined radiochemically, depends upon the material, the state of metal surface layer, and its pretreatment. Ground surface of St 37 retains comparatively less chloride ions on washing than an unpretreated specimen. On the other hand the chloride could be removed from the austenitic steel by rinsing twice in unagitated washing medium which lowered the chloride content to below the detection level of 0,02 m̈g Cl-/cm2.Corrosion behaviour of specimens of 1.4301 in autoclave showed no difference with regards to corrosion in the test cycles of 300 and 400 h at 150 and 200° C whether or not the specimens were contaminated by chloride.Mild steels whose state of surface is similar to St 37 should be guarded against chloride contamination to prevent delayed damage. In case of steel similar to 1.4301 with regards to their surface characteristics cleaning the surface is relatively easy. Long time tests to assess risks of delayed damage are in progress and will be communicated later.
    Notes: Die Untersuchung der Chlorid-Adsorption und -Desorption an Stahlproben aus St37 (1.0120) und X 5 CrNi 189 (1.4301) ergab, daß der radiochemisch gefundene Chlorid-Belag an den Stahloberflächen vom Material, seinem Oberflächenzustand und der Oberflächenverarbeitung abhängt. St 37 mit unbehandelter Oberfläche läßt sich von den untersuchten Proben am schlechtesten vom Chlorid reinigen. Bei St 37 mit geschliffener Oberfläche ergab sich eine wesentlich intensivere Reinigungswirkung. Bei austenitischem Stahl reichten zwei Wäschen in unbewegter Waschflüssigkeit, um den Chlorid-Gehalt unter die Nachweisgrenze von 0,02 m̈g Cl-/cm2 zu senken.Korrosionsversuche im Autoklaven bei 150° C bzw. 200° C an dem Stahl 1.4301 zeigten innerhalb der jeweiligen Versuchsdauer von 300 bis 400 h keine korrosionsmäßigen Unterschiede, unabhängig davon, ob die Proben chloridkontaminiert waren oder nicht.Bei Stählen, deren Oberflächengüte den untersuchten Proben des Stahls St 37 ähneln, sollte die Kontamination mit Chlorid vermieden werden, um Spätschäden sicher zu vermeiden. Bei Stählen, deren Oberflächenbeschaffenheit den Proben des Stahls 1.4301 entsprechen, läßt sich die Oberfläche relativ leicht reinigen. Um eine endgültige Aussage über die Gefährdung durch Spätschäden zu ermöglichen, muß das Ergebnis von Langzeitversuchen abgewartet werden. Nach dem Versuchsende wird hierüber eine kurze Mitteilung veröffentlicht werden.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 34 (1983), S. 583-592 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on the corrosion and corrosion protection of seawater cooled condensor tubes of copper-base alloys - Experiments with rotating samplesExperiments have been done on rotating disc and cylinder electrodes of CuZn20Al2, CuNi10Fe and CuNi30Fe in 3 w/o sodium chloride solution and in artificial sea water at 25 and 40 ° C.Erosion corrosion of sea water cooled tube condensors should be simulated and studied.The corrosion mechanism of copper base alloys in clean and polluted sea water was intensely studied with particular consideration to the influence of ammonia, sulfides and chlorine. The effectiveness of iron sulfate dosing was tested.With the rotating samples under test no erosion corrosion could be detected on free corroding specimens.
    Notes: An rotierenden Scheiben und Zylinderproben aus CuZn20Al2, CuNi10Fe und CuNi30Fe wurden Korrosionsversuche in 3%iger Natriumchloridlösung und in synthetischem Meerwasser bei 25 und 40 ° C durchgeführt. Dabei sollten auch die Vorgänge bei der Erosionskorrosion von meerwassergekühlten Rohrkondensatoren simuliert und untersucht werden. Es wurden umfangreiche Messungen zum Korrosionsmechanismus der Kupferbasislegierungen in sauberem und verunreinigtem Meerwasser durchgeführt, wobei der Einfluss von Ammoniak, Sulfiden und Chlor sowie die Wirksamkeit der Eisensulfatdosierung untersucht wurden. An den verwendeten rotierenden Proben konnte bei freier Korrosion keine Erosion erzeugt werden.
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