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  • 1
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Aromatic hydrocarbons ; Molecular structure ; Influence on retention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The regularities of the retention of polymethyl- and monoalkylbenzenes on a nonpolar adsorbent (silanized silica gel) with a polar eluent (2∶3 isopropanol-water) have been studied. In contrast to the retention of the same compounds on a polar adsorbent (silica gel with hydroxylated surface) and with a nonpolar eluent (hexane) polymethylbenzenes are retained on silanized silica gel for a shorter time than the corresponding monoalkylbenzene isomers. The retention order of tert.-, sec.- and n-butylbenzenes is the reverse of that observed on silica gel having a hydroxylated surface. The retention order of xylenes, trimethyl- and tetramethylbenzenes is also the reverse of their retention order on silica gel having a hydroxylated surface. All the mixtures of the corresponding homologues and isomers have been separated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas-solid chromatography ; Graphitized carbon black ; Aromatic hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This paper defines values of retention volumes for zero surface coverage (Henry's constant) at different temperatures, retention indices and variations of the internal energy (differential heats of adsorption) of diphenyl and its alkyl derivatives, terphenyls, diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, diphenylethanes and fluorene on graphitized thermal carbon black (GTCB). Adsorption on GTCB takes place in accordance with the geometry of these molecules, the strongest adsorption being observed for para-terphenyl with least inhibited internal rotation of the molecule, while the weakest adsorption occurs for 2,6,2′,6′-tetramethyldiphenyl with the most inhibited internal rotation of the molecules. The flat molecules of fluorene are adsorbed on GTCB more readily than the nonflat molecules of diphenylmethane.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 245-248 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Chromatoscopy ; Gas chromatography ; Graphitized carbon black ; Molecular structure and retention ; Aromatic hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A molecular-statistical calculation of the retention volumes at zero sample size on graphitized thermal carbon black is carried out for quasi-rigid molecules of fluorene, indene, 1-methylindene, 2-methylindene and three dimethylindenes. A reasonable agreement is observed between the calculated and the available experimental gas chromatographic data. The potential barrier to internal rotation and the torsional angle in styrene molecules are estimated by comparing theoretically calculated and measured retention volumes.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas adsorption chromatography ; Graphitized thermal carbon black ; Cyclic ethers and ketones ; Atom-atom oxygen … carbon potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The paper is concerned with molecular-statistical determination of retention volumes of oxygen-containing organic substances such as cyclic ethers and ketones by presenting the potential energy of intermolecular interaction of the molecules with a monoatomic adsorbent having homogeneous flat surface (graphitized thermal carbon black) as a sum of atom-atom potentials. In order to eliminate the specific interactions of ethers and ketones with the traces of surface oxygen compounds on graphitized thermal carbon black, the latter was treated additionally with hydrogen. Comparison is made between the experimentally measured retention volumes and the Henry constants calculated for reference molecules of ethers (dioxane) and ketones (cyclohexanone) to correct the atom-atom potentials. It is shown that the atom-atom potentials obtained for the reference molecules can be used for other ethers and ketones of known structure with the subsequent calculation of the corresponding values of the retention volumes in terms of molecular statistics. When the structure is not known its parameters are optimized using the chromatostructural method (chromatoscopy). The calculated heat of adsorption values agree well with those determined from the chromatographic measurements. Chromatograms showing the full separation of mixtures of the ethers and ketones studied were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas adsorption chromatography ; Molecular structure and adsorption ; Graphitized carbon black ; Capillary packed adsorption columns ; Tricyclic hydrocarbon separation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Due to their high efficiency capillary columns packed with graphitized thermal carbon black (GTCB) permit to realize high selectivity in the chromatographic separation of isomers on the flat surface of this adsorbent. However, the increase in the efficiency is connected to a considerable increase of the pressure drop across the column which hinders the determination of the thermo-dynamic adsorption characteristics. The optimum conditions for the preparation of such columns designed both for analytical purposes and for thermodynamic measurements of the individual isomers have been established. The retention volumes for small (zero) sample size (Henry constants for adsorption on GTCB) of six isomers of tricyclo(8,4,0,02,7)tetradecane (perhydrophenanthrene), seven isomers of tricyclo-(7,4,0,02,6)tridecane (1,2-cyclopentanodecalin) and six isomers of tricyclo(7,3,0,02,6)dodecane have been determined. The Henry constants increase with the flattening of the isomeric molecules in these hydrocarbon series. A qualitative procedure of identification of the isomers on the basis of optimum orientation of their molecules on a flat surface has been considered.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas adsorption chromatography ; Graphitized thermal carbon black ; Indan ; Indan-type hydrocarbons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden die Werte der Retentionsvolumina, der Retentionsindices und andere thermodynamische Adsorptionscharakteristiken von zehn Indan- und Inden-Kohlenwasserstoffen mit 9–11 Kohlenstoffatomen auf graphitiertem thermischem Ruß (GTR) bestimmt. Es wurde festgestellt, daß auf GTR die Kohlenwasserstoffe der Inden-Reihe am stärksten adsorbiert werden und am schwächsten cis-Hydrandan, was mit den Besonderheiten der geometrischen Struktur dieser Verbindungen zusammenhängt. Es wird die Möglichkeit der Anwendung von GTR für die vollständige Trennung der cis- und trans-Isomeren von Hydrindan gezeigt.
    Notes: Summary The retention volumes, retention indices and other thermodynamic values characteristic of the adsorption of ten indan-hydrocarbons having 9–11 carbon atoms were determined on graphitized thermal carbon black (GTCB). It is shown that GTCB adsorbs strongest the hydrocarbons of the indan series and weakest cis hydrindan. This is related to the peculiarities of the geometric structure of the compounds. The possibility of the application of GTCB for the complete separation of cis and trans hydrindan is shown.
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