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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1,063)
  • GEOPHYSICS  (650)
  • ASTROPHYSICS  (589)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (336)
  • 1980-1984  (2,638)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular concentration of elements in normal and dystrophic skeletal muscles of the chicken (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 103 (1980), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In this study, the intracellular concentrations of six elements (mmole/kg dry weight) were directly measured in the muscle fibers of pectoralis major muscles of eight week old, genetically dystrophic and normal chickens by the X-ray microanalysis technique. The extent of muscle degeneration was evaluated by morphometric measurements of muscle fiber diameter and other histological changes. A significant increase in the concentration of intracellular sodium and chlorine was evident in dystrophic muscles. The concentration of intracellular sodium was 127.0 ± 35.0 in the muscle fibers of dystrophic chicks compared to 65.7 ± 16.5 in normal controls. The concentration of chlorine was 90.5 ± 27.5 and 54.1 ± 5.5 in the muscle fibers of dystrophic and normal chicks respectively. The intracellular concentrations of potassium, magnesium, phosphorous, and sulfur remained unchanged in the dystrophic condition. Morphometric studies revealed that the dystrophic pectoralis muscles contain fewer but thicker fibers per unit area compared to normal pectoralis muscles. The importance of these findings are discussed in relation to the results of earlier investigations.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041030204
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of fibre-forming copolymers of acrylonitrile with acrylates in systems based on lithium alkoxides (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 35 (1984), S. 65-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Copolymerisation von Acrylnitril und Acrylaten wurde in Dimethylformamid bei hohem Acrylnitril/Acrylat-Verhältnis im Temperaturbereich von -50 bis +10°C durch Lithiumalkoxide initiiert. Die Bedingungen zur direkten Präparation von Spinnlösungen der Copolymere wurden erarbeitet. Das Lösungsspinnen dieser Copolymere durch Orientierungsfällung ergab Fasern mit hohen Festigkeitswerten.
    Notes: The copolymerization of acrylonitrile with acrylates has been initiated by lithium alkoxides in dimethylformamide at a high acrylonitrile/acrylate ratio over the temperature range from -50 to 10°C. The conditions for a direct preparation of spinning solutions of the copolymers were determined. The solution-spinning of these copolymers by orientational precipitation yielded fibres exhibiting high strength properties.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1984.010350115
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of millimeter-wave radiation on monolayer cell cultures. II. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 2 (1981), S. 141-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: millimeter-wave radiation ; BHK-21/C13 cells in monolayer culture ; scanning electron microscopy ; transmission electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Both thermal and athermal effects of millimeter-wave radiation on BHK-21/C13 cells were sought using scanning and transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with an in vitro technique that allows direct exposure of monolayer cultures to high average power densities. Culture dishes were irradiated by placing them on the open end of an E- or U-band wave guide. This technique exposes different regions of the cell monolayer lying along the longer axis of the wave guide aperture to varying power densities ranging from zero at each edge to twice the average power density at the center.Cell ultrastructure was unaffected by microwave radiation for 1 hour (41.8 or 74.0 GHz, average power densitites = 320 or 450 mW/cm2, respectively) with or without cooling by rapid recirculation of the culture medium. Temperature in recirculated cultures was held at 37.2 °C, and that in noncooled cultures never exceeded 42 °C during irradiation at either power density. In contrast, cell morphology was affected by microwave exposure whenever irradiation conditions were altered so that the temperature of the monolayer reached or exceeded 44.5 °C. Ultrastructural alterations included breakage of cell processes, progressive detachment of cells from the substrate, increased clumping of heterochromatin in the nuclei, and the appearance of large empty vesicles in the cytoplasm. Such morphological changes resulted from either application of higher average power densities or irradiation at the power densities described above at a higher ambient temperature (〉38.5°C).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250020205
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of epoxy resin synthesis on the basis of GPC measurements (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2783-2786 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260827
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Storage hardening and “abnormal” groups in guayule rubberThis article was presented at the 27th IUPAC Congress, Helsinki, Finland, August 1979. (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 1511-1517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The hardening process of natural (Hevea brasiliensis) rubber, that takes place when this rubber is stored in dry conditions over long periods of time, has been correlated with the presence of reactive “abnormal” groups directly grafted on the polymeric chain and in the serum of the latex. In the present work, natural Hevea (HR) and Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) rubber (GR) were stored under accelerated conditions and the changes in Mooney viscosity and molecular weight measured. The results showed that while HR undergoes hardening, GR keeps its Mooney viscosity constant, as does a constant viscosity (CV) Hevea rubber. These results are explained by the absence of functional “abnormal” groups that sustain the hardening reactions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260508
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of fibronectin on the adhesion of an established cell line to a surface reactive biomaterial (1982)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 16 (1982), S. 195-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: We have demonstrated that an established hamster cell line (NIL 8 M-2) will adhere to the bioceramic bioglass. The rate at which the NIL 8 M-2 cells assume a spread morphology on bioglass is density dependent and the morphology displayed by NIL 8 M-2 cells attached to bioglass is much more elongated than that displayed by NIL 8 M-2 cells attached to nonreactive glass. Precoating the bioglass with the plasma form of human fibronectin significantly reduces the density dependent nature of cell spreading. Coating the bioglass with fibronectin also reduces the time required for cell spreading and changes the morphology of the attached cells from an elongated to an extremely flattened shape. Our work raises the possibility that bone-implant adhesion might be improved by introducing molecules relevant to cell-substrate attachment into the biomaterial prior to implantation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820160303
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that myosin light chain phosphorylation regulates contraction in the body wall muscles of the sea cucumber (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 112 (1982), S. 307-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The Ca2+ activation mechanism of the longitudinal body wall muscles of Parastichopus californicus (sea cucumber) was studied using skinned muscle fiber bundles. Reversible phosphorylation of the myosin light chains correlated with Ca2+-activated tension and relaxation. Pretreatment of the skinned fibers with ATPγS and high Ca2+ (10-5M) resulted in irreversible thiophosphorylation of the myosin light chains and activation of a Ca2+ insensitive tension. In contrast, pretreatment with low Ca2+ (10-8M) and ATPγS results in no thiophosphorylation of the myosin light chains or irreversible activation of tension. These results are consistent with a Ca2+-sensitive myosin light chain kinase/phosphatase system being responsible for the activation of the muscle. Other agents known to have an effect upon the Ca2+-activated tension in skinned vertebrate smooth muscle fibers (trifluoperazine, catalytic subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, and calmodulin) did not have an effect on myosin light chain phosphorylation or Ca2+-activated tension. These results suggest a different type of myosin light chain kinase than is found in vertebrate smooth muscle is responsible for the activation of parastichopus longitudinal body wall muscle.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041120302
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and ultrastructural characterization of mammalian spermatozoa processed for flow cytometric DNA analyses (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 10 (1984), S. 339-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: spermatozoa ; flow cytometry ; DNA staining ; nuclear morphology ; ultrastructure ; mammals ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The morphological and ultrastructural changes that occur during preparation of porcine, bovine, and murine spermatozoa for flow cytometric quantification of the relative DNA content of the X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm populations were examined. Ejaculated spermatozoa from the boar and bull were washed using a series of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions prior to fixation, whereas the epididymal mouse spermatozoa were washed only in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Spermatozoa from all three species were then fixed in ethanol and processed for fluorochrome staining by a treatment regimen consisting of sulfhydryl reduction and proteolysis. The processed sperm nuclei were stained for DNA with the fluorochrome, 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) before quantification by flow cytometry. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of sperm heads taken at various steps of the preparation and staining procedures show 1) that the rigorous washing procedure disrupted the plasma and outer acrosomal membranes, 2) that ethanol fixation resulted in removal of the outer membranes and disintegration of the nuclear envelope, and 3) that thiol and proteolysis treatment removed the remaining cellular organelles including the tail and rapidly induced partial decondensation of the tightly packed chromatin. Sequential micrographs showed that the nuclear matrix of all three species increased in thickness about twofold during the preparation and staining. Consequently, the harsh procedures currently used for quantitative staining of DNA for high-resolution flow cytometric analyses destroy most cellular organelles and thereby prevent simultaneous characterization of DNA content and other sperm cell constituents.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120100402
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low energy electron loss studies of cuInSe2 surfaces (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 4 (1982), S. 227-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The low energy loss spectra (LELS) of clean and oxygen contaminated (111) p-type CuInSe 2 single crystals are reported. Losses due to interband transitions and plasmon excitations are observed. By varying the primary electron energy (100-500 eV) both surface and bulk features of the conduction bands are probed. As oxygen is adsorbed on the surface of the CuInSe 2 (at room temperature), the In and Se atoms seem to associate with themselves and with oxygen, whereas the Cu atoms do not seem to play a direct role in the oxidation process. LELS Spectra are presented as a function of primary beam energy and oxygen absorption.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740040602
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface structure and NiO dispersion for NiO/γ-Al2O3 catalysts (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 4 (1982), S. 234-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chemisorption of CO at temperatures below 100°C has been used to evaluate the dispersion of NiO in a series of NiO/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. CO adsorption measurements were supplemented by i.r. spectroscopy to establish the CO/NiO stoichiometry. From monolayer coverage data derived from Freundlich's equation, the percentage of NiO dispersion and the average NiO crystallite size were calculated. The crystallite size of supported NiO was found to be practically constant for NiO loadings from 1 to 8 wt%, experimenting an abrupt increase for higher NiO contents. These results were consistent with additional information on the surface structure of the catalysts obtained by IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and reduction with H2.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740040604
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