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  • Springer  (30)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (6)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (2)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
  • 1980-1984  (38)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple and modified rule of mixtures of deformation parameters in stage III of single ductile fibre-ductile matrix composites (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 15 (1980), S. 1790-1797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract By employing a single thick molybdenum fibre-copper matrix composite with very weak interfacial bonding, it was confirmed that flow stress, internal stress, effective stress and change in flow stress due to change in strain rate of the composite obey the simple rule of mixtures; strain-hardening exponent, stress exponent of strain rate, effective stress exponent of dislocation velocity and activation volume obey the modified rule of mixtures in the whole range of plastic deformation of the composite. This means that the inherent features of the fibre in the present composite were conserved beyond the failure strain of the fibre tested alone, and the above deformation parameters of the composite were, to a first approximation, determined by the inherent parameters of the fibre and the matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00550599
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stability of tensile deformation of single ductile fibre-ductile matrix composites with weak interfaces (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 15 (1980), S. 1798-1803 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The embedded molybdenum fibre in a copper matrix composite was elongated apparently uniformly although the interface was so weak that necking in the fibre could not be suppressed by the matrix. To explain this result, a possible mechanism was suggested where suppression of necking in the fibre is caused by strain hardening of the composite as a whole and by an increment in strain rate in the cross-section where the fibre starts necking, but the incremental deformation amount and the incremental strain rate of the cross-section are small. On the basis of this mechanism, and with the aid of Hart's criterion, a new instability approach to tensile behaviour of the composite is presented. It was found that the stability of the composite is determined mainly by the strain-hardening exponent of the composite, which is determined by the modified rule of mixtures. The present derived condition of instability of the composite is in good agreement with that proposed by Mileiko.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00550600
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tensile fracture of centre-notched angle ply (0/±45/0)S and (0/90)2S graphite — epoxy composites (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 17 (1982), S. 417-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The fracture behaviour of centre-notched (0/± 45/0)S and (0/90)2S laminates with increasing notch length has been studied. Two test series have been investigated: specimens of constant width (W=20 mm) and small notch length (2a ⩽ 12 mm), and specimens with various notch lengths (5 ⩽ 2a ⩽ 35 mm) and a constant relative notch length (2a/W=0.5). An X-ray technique showed that the damage at the notch tip, which is formed at increasing load, consists mainly of subcracks parallel to the fibres of the constituent layers. The damage zone causes the crack opening displacement (COD) to deviate from the original linearity. TheK R curve concept has been applied assuming that the COD deviation from linearity is completely the result of original crack extension. This approach fails to describe the notch length effect, because a tangent point between theK R andK curves was not found and because of a strong dependency of the maximum fracture resistanceK Rmax on notch length. The fracture behaviour of 20 mm wide specimens could be explained with the point and average stress criteria, based on characteristic lengths which are independent of notch length. At various notch lengths at a constant 2a/W=0.5, however, the characteristic lengths increased with increasing notch length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00591477
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of notch length, specimen thickness, ply thickness and type of defect on the fracture behaviour of angle-ply graphite-epoxy composites (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 17 (1982), S. 2324-2336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An experimental study was carried out on the effects of notch length, specimen thickness, ply thickness and type of defect (centre-notch or hole) on the fracture toughness of graphite-epoxy composites with lay-up sequences of 0/±45°/0 and 0/90°. Three fracture-mechanical concepts were applied: the Waddoups-Eisenmann-Kaminski (WEK) model, the Whitney-Nuismer model (point and average stress cirteria) and the K R-curve method. An increase of notch length as well as an increase of ply thickness led to a higher toughness, whereas a change in specimen thickness did not noticeably affect the toughness. Furthermore, the hole caused a smaller strength reduction than a notch. The applicability of the above-mentioned concepts is probably restricted mainly because of the fact that they do not, or do only insufficiently, regard the damage zone near the border of the defect, if a large damage zone usually leads to larger material parameters of the investigated concepts, namely the inherent flaw size, the characteristic lengths of the point and average stress criterions and the K R -value at fracture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00543741
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and mechanical properties of a Fe90Zr10 amorphous alloy (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 19 (1984), S. 1917-1929 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of a Fe90Zr10 amorphous alloy was investigated by means of small angle X-ray scattering as well as large-angle diffraction measurements. For as-quenched specimens, SAXS was found to be relatively weak, but spread over a wide scattering angle. After quantitative analysis, it was concluded that a compositional fluctuation occurs on a fine scale of about 0.6 nm. When the specimen was heat treated below the crystallization temperature, the amorphous structure changed to a more stable dual structure consisting of pure iron and a structure similar to Fe3Zr. By prolonged heat treatment, the iron-rich regions crystallized initially from the amorphous state. An apparent correspondence was found to exist between the changes in the amorphous structure and in the mechanical properties. The microscopic phase separation within the amorphous state resulted in an increase of ultimate tensile strength and fracture toughness. The deterioration of mechanical properties was suggested to be attributed to the gradual crystallization of iron-rich regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00550262
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthetic regeneration of ATP using a strain of thermophilic blue-green algae (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 305-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Photosynthetic ATP accumulation was shown in the presence of exogenous ADP plus orthophosphate on illumination to the intact cells of a strain of thermophilic blue-green algae isolated from Matsue hot springs, Mastigocladus sp. Kinetic studies of various effectors on the ATP accumulation proved that the ATP synthesis depends mainly on the cyclic photophosphorylation system around photosystem I (PS-I) in the algal cells. The temperature and pH optima for the accumulation were found at 45°C and pH 7.5. Maximum yield was obtained with light intensity higher than 15 mW/cm2. Borate ion exerted pronounced enhancement on the ATP synthesis. With a continuous reactor at a flow rate of 1 ml/hr at 45°C and pH 7.5, efficient photoconversion of ADP (2mM, at substrate reservoir) to ATP (1mM, at product outlet) has been maintained for a period of 2.5 days, though the efficiency has decreased in a further 2-day period to the level of 0.5mM ATP/9.5 h of residence time.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240205
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural relationship between monoamine- and TRH-containing axons in the rat median eminence as revealed by combined autoradiography and immunocytochemistry in the same tissue section (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 230 (1983), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: TRH immunocytochemistry ; MA autoradiography ; Simultaneous demonstration ; Rat median eminence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The correlation of dopamine (DA)-, noradrenaline (NA)- or serotonin (5HT)-containing neurons and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)-containing neurons in the median eminence of the rat, as well as the coexistence of monoamines (MA) and TRH in the neurons, were examined by subjecting ultrathin sections to a technique that combines MA autoradiography and TRH immunocytochemistry. The distribution and localization of silver grains after 3H-MA injection were examined by application of circle analysis on the autoradiographs. TRH-like immunoreactive nerve terminals containing the immunoreactive dense granular vesicles were found to have an intimate contact with monoaminergic terminals labeled after 3H-DA, 3H-NA or 3H-5HT infusion in the vicinity of the primary portal capillaries in the median eminence. Synapses between TRH-like immunoreactive axons and MA axons labeled with silver grains, however, have not been observed to date. Findings suggesting the coexistence of TRH and MA in the same nerve terminals or the uptake of 3H-MA into TRH-like immunoreactive nerve terminals, where silver grains after 3H-MA injection were concurrently localized in TRH-like immunoreactive nerve terminals, were rarely observed in the median eminence. Percentages of the nerve terminals containing both immunoreactive granular vesicles and silver grains after 3H-MA injection to total nerve terminals labeled after 3H-MA infusion silver grains were equally very low in 3H-DA, 3H-NA or 3H-5HT, amounting to less than 6.1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216023
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscosity behavior of the polyelectrolyte poly(vinyl alcohol) having some intrachain crosslinks (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The viscosity behavior of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-borax-NaCl systems was investigated. The intrinsic viscosity [η] of PVA in borax solution increases with increasing borax concentration. In solutions containing both borax and NaCl, on the other hand, [η] decreases with increasing concentration of NaCl, and at high NaCl concentration phase separation is observed. In the absence of borax, [η] is nearly independent of the NaCl concentration. These results are interpreted in terms of a limited chain expansion due to charges and intrachain crosslinks simultaneously introduced in the PVA chain when the chain is complexed with negatively charged tetrahedral borate ions. The crosslinking density was estimated from the intrinsic viscosity [η]∞ at infinite ionic strength using the Kuhn and Majer equation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1984.021850115
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of the viscosity of aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol)-borax solutions (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 2149-2153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180181013
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinduced electron transfer from polystyrene pendant tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium (II) complex to methylviologen (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 1011-1019 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The characteristics of the photoinduced electron transfer reaction from polystyrene pendant tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium (II) complex [Ru(bpy)32+] to methylviologen (MV2+) were studied. The rate constant k1 from the excited state of the complex, Ru(bpy)32+*, to MV2+ were determined for both the polymeric and monomeric complexes from the lifetime τ of Ru(bpy)32+* and the quenching rate of Ru(bpy)32+* by MV2+. The polymer pendant Ru(bpy)32+* showed three kinds of τ components ranging from 7 to 474 ns, in contrast to the monomeric complex, which showed one component of 350 ns. The k1 values for both complexes were almost the same, on the order of 108 L/mol s. The photoinduced electron transfer from solid-phase Ru(bpy)32+ to liquid-phase MV2+ was realized by utilizing the polymer complex, and the solid-liquid interphase reaction system is discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170200410
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