ISSN:
0009-286X
Schlagwort(e):
Chemistry
;
Polymer and Materials Science
Quelle:
Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
Thema:
Chemie und Pharmazie
,
Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
Notizen:
New battery systems. The reversible storage of electrical energy plays a central role in the development of electric vehicles, load levelling in power stations, and technical utilization of solar energy. Electrochemistry offers interesting solutions with optimal energy density; however, these have reached technical maturity in only a few cases. The conventional lead/acid accumulator is being further improved among aqueous systems. Moreover, various other lines of development have been initiated in recent years, such as nickel/zinc and chlorine/zinc accumulators, which offer totally fresh perspectives from an electrochemical and engineering point of view. In the case of zinc/air and aluminium/air batteries, external redeposition of the metal is envisaged. From a practical point of view, aqueous systems are unsurpassable. Metals with an extremely high negative potential like sodium or lithium can only be cycled in the absence of water. Systems with molten salts or solid electrolytes do not suffer from this drawback. The sodium/sulfur battery, which is characterized by readily available cell components of low environmental impact, is presently undergoing intensive development. However, thermal discharge represents a technical problem. The future of these new developments will be governed by their economics, energy density, energy efficiency, power density, and last but not least by their cyclability. These properties have not yet been optimized in a single system.
Zusätzliches Material:
15 Ill.
Materialart:
Digitale Medien
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330540906
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