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  • oxidation  (24)
  • Pisum  (23)
  • Springer  (47)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (23)
  • 1975-1979  (24)
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  • Springer  (47)
  • Annual Reviews
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of phaseic acid and dihydrophaseic acid and characterization of further abscisic acid metabolites in pea seedlings (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1979), S. 168-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid metabolites ; Dihydrophaseic acid ; Phaseic acid ; Pisum ; Water stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seven day old seedlings of Pisum sativum L., cv. Kleine Rheinländerin, were wilted for 3 days. After partially removing the roots, they were rewatered and at the same time radioactive abscisic acid([1-14C]ABA, spec. activity 1.7·108d s-1mmol-1) was applied for 1 h via the xylem of the roots. After 24 h, 4 days, and 12 days the seedlings were extracted and the metabolites of ABA were analyzed by means of thin-layer and gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry, autoradiography, and scintillation counting. Phaseic acid (PA) and dihydrophaseic acid (DPA) were identified as metabolites of ABA. The presence of another ABA-metabolite was also demonstrated. From its mass spectrum it has been postulated that this metabolite is 4′-desoxy-ABA. In addition to these substances, several other metabolites, which are more polar than ABA and its known degradation products, were present in the seedlings. The quantity and number of these unknown metabolites increased with time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389520
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of ATP in nitrite reduction in roots of wheat and pea (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 152 (1981), S. 234-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: ATP and nitrite reduction ; Glucose-6-phosphate ; Nitrite reduction ; Pisum ; Plastids, nitrite reduction ; Root, plastids ; Triticum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Excised wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and field pea (Pisum arvense L.) roots, incubated under anaerobic conditions or in the presence of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation [2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone, pentachlorophenol] accumulated nitrite as a result of an inhibition of nitrite reduction. In isolated root plastids, nitrite reduction was dependent on a supply of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and did not require ATP. The estimated Km value for glucose 6-phosphate was 1.25 mM. Glucose and fructose-1,6-diphosphate were ineffective substrates for nitrate reduction. Anaerobic conditions and treatment with DNP, which would result in a cessation of ATP production by the mitochondria and a stimulation of glycolysis via the “Pasteur effect”, were shown to decrease the G6P content of excised roots of wheat and pea. A negative correlation was observed between the level of G6P and nitrite accumulation on root tissues. It is proposed that an interruption in the supply of G6P to the root plastid under these conditions would result in an inhibition of nitrite reduction leading to nitrite accumulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385149
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oxidation of Ni-70 wt.%Cr in oxygen between 1073 and 1473°K (1980)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 14 (1980), S. 263-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: oxidation ; Ni-Cr alloys ; two-phase alloys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Oxidation of the relatively simple, two-phase alloy Ni-70 wt.%Cr in oxygen between 1073 and 1473°K results in the formation of a Cr2O3 scale containing less than O.5 wt.% Ni in solid solution. The oxidation kinetics are irreproducible for an initial period, which is brief at 1073 and 1273°K but much more pronounced at 1473°K, both in duration and degree. This behavior is associated with the failure of the protective Cr2O3 scale. However, after longer periods a compact layer of Cr2O3 becomes established under isothermal conditions and results in a change to more reproducible kinetics, especially at 1073 and 1273°K. Oxidation causes chromium depletion and the formation of a single-phase zone which separates the scale and the two-phase bulk alloy. The depth of Cr2O3 internal oxide coincides with this zone. The oxidation behavior is compared with that of more Ni-rich, single-phase Ni-Cr alloys, with particular reference to the effects of the constitution of the underlying alloy and the integrity of the protective oxide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00604568
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of nickel-manganese alloys in the temperature range 873–1273 K (1982)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 18 (1982), S. 295-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Nickel-manganese alloys ; oxidation ; solid solution scales ; internal oxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Ni-Mn alloys containing up to 38% Mn have been oxidized in pure oxygen between 873 and 1273 K and the parabolic rate constants measured. The scale morphologies and oxide compositions are interpreted in terms of modifications to the scale on pure Mn caused by the presence of Ni. The scales are composed predominantly of two layers at all temperatures, giving the sequences of phases alloy/cubic monoxide (Ni, Mn)O/ternary spinel, with the cubic (Ni, Mn)O layer always having the greater thickness. There is limited evidence for a third, very thin, outer layer in the scales on all alloys at 873 K and for Ni-38%Mn at 1073 K, which is tentatively considered to be Mn2O3, giving layers in the order alloy/cubic monoxide/ternary spinel/Mn2O3, by analogy with the scale formed on pure Mn. The distribution of the alloy components in the scale is discussed in relation to the Ni-Mn-O phase diagram and in terms of recent theoretical treatments of solid solution scale formation on binary alloys, as far as the available diffusion data allow. The occurrence of internal and intergranular oxidation and the formation of a Mn-depleted zone coincident with the band of uniform internal oxide are considered briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00656573
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of kinetic effects on metal partition at the alloy-scale interface during the oxidation of alloys (1975)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 9 (1975), S. 215-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: cation diffusion ; oxidation ; metal partition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An alternative mass balance at the alloy-scale interface is proposed for the Wagner theory of binary alloy oxidation. A simple relation between the bulk composition of the alloy and the scale composition at the alloy-scale interface, ξ′, is derived in terms of the transport properties of the scale and the limit of application of the relation defined. There is good agreement between calculated and measured values of ξ′.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613274
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickness determination of oxide films on iron by electron back-scattering Mössbauer spectroscopy (1978)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 12 (1978), S. 247-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: oxidation ; iron ; magnetite ; oxide thickness ; electron back-scattering Mössbauer spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Magnetite films in the range 265–4520 Å have been grown on natural iron substrates and subsequently investigated by electron back-scattering Mössbauer spectroscopy. In particular, the percentage, P, of the total spectrum area contributed by the oxide has been determined as a function of oxide thickness, d. It was found that d up to ≈ 3000Å may be expressed (to an accuracy of ∼ 5%) by d (Å)=−1.95 × 103 ln (1–0.01 P). The experimental data have been compared with the theoretical predictions of both Huffman and Bainbridge. Good agreement between experiment and Huffman's predictions of P is obtained using values of the electron attenuation coefficient, μ, of 1.10 × 104 cm2 g−1 for the 7.3 keV electrons and 1.73 × 104 cm2 g−1 for the 5.4 keV electrons. A good fit of our data to Bainbridge's expression requires a somewhat lower effective μ, value of 0.8 × 104 cm2 g−1. The experimental P value for the thickest oxide (4520 Å) is lower than the theoretical predictions, probably as a result of a neglected mechanism recently identified by Tricker, Ash, and Cranshaw.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616099
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature oxidation of Fe-24 wt.%Cr (1979)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 13 (1979), S. 437-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Fe-Cr ; oxidation ; kinetics ; oxide morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Ferritic polycrystalline Fe-24 wt.% Cr was oxidized in pure oxygen at 190 ≤ T≤490° C and pressures in the range 5.3×10−2–13.3 Pa for periods of up to 5 hr. The reaction proceeded in three stages. An initial period of accelerating rate was accompanied by oxide island nucleation and growth. Following island coalescence the rate was approximately logarithmic at low temperatures and somewhat slower than parabolic at high temperatures. Rate control during this period was thought to be due to mass transport through the oxide grain boundaries left by the island impingement process. During these first two stages the oxide formed was γ-M2O3 with possibly some spinel. The final stage of reaction involved the appearance of α-M2O3 on the outer oxide surface and a substantial slowing of the oxidation rate due to the low diffusivity in this phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00605109
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell length, light and14C-labelled indol-3yl-acetic acid transport inPisum satisum L. andPhaseolus vulgaris L (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 327-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin transport ; Cell length ; Light and auxin transport ; Phaseolus ; Pisum ; Transport (auxin)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The putative auxin-transporting cells of the intact herbaceous dicotyledon are the young, differentiating vascular elements. The length of these cells was found to be considerably greater in dwarf (Meteor) than in tall (Alderman) varieties ofPisum sativum L., and to be greater in etiolated than in light-grown plants ofP. sativum cv Meteor andPhaseolus vulgaris L. cv Mexican Black. Under given light conditions during transport these large differences in cell length did not influence the shapes of the transport profiles or the velocity of transport of14C-labelled indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA) applied to the apical bud. However, in both etiolated and light-grown bean and dwarf pea plants the velocity of transport in darkness was ca. 25% lower than that in light. Under the same conditions of transport velocities in bean were about twice those observed in the dwarf pea. Exposure to light during transport increased the rate of export of14C from the labelled shoot apex in green dwarf pea plants but not in etiolated plants. The light conditions to which the plants were exposed during growth and transport had little effect on the rates of uptake of IAA from the applied solutions. The results indicate that the velocity of auxin transport is independent of the frequency of cell-to-cell interfaces along the transport pathway and it is suggested that in intact plants auxin transport is entirely symplastic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571165
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport of exogenous auxin in two-branched dwarf pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.) (1977)
    Springer
    Planta 136 (1977), S. 91-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Apical dominance ; Auxin transport ; Cambial development ; Pisum ; Polarity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dwarf pea plants bearing two cotyledonary shoots were obtained by removing the epicotyl shortly after germination, and the patterns of distribution of 14C in these plants was investigated following the application of [14C]IAA to the apex of one shoot. Basipetal transport to the root system occurred, but in none of the experiments was 14C ever detected in the unlabelled shoot even after transport periods of up to 48 h. This was true both of plants with two equal growing shoots and of plants in which one shoot had become correlatively inhibited by the other, and in the latter case applied whether the dominant or subordinate shoot was labelled. In contrast, when [14C]IAA was applied to a mature foliage leaf of one shoot transfer of 14C to the other shoot took place, although the amount transported was always low. Transport of 14C from the apex of a subordinate shoot on plants bearing one growing and one inhibited shoot was severely restricted compared with the transport from the dominant shoot apex, and in some individual plants no transport at all was detected. Removal of the dominant shoot apex rapidly restored the capacity of the subordinate shoot to transport apically-applied [14C]IAA, and at the same time led to rapid cambial development and secondary vascular differentiation in the previously inhibited shoot. Applications of 1% unlabelled IAA in lanolin to the decapitated dominant shoot maintained the inhibition of cambial development in the subordinate shoot and its reduced capacity for auxin transport. These results are discussed in relation to the polarity of auxin transport in intact plants and the mechanism of correlative inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387930
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of winter and summer growth conditions on leaf membrane lipids of Pisum sativum L. (1983)
    Springer
    Planta 157 (1983), S. 218-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chloroplast membranes ; Fatty-acid composition (leaf membranes) ; Pisum ; Seasonal variation (fatty acids) ; Thylakoid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The lipid composition and degree of unsaturation of fatty acids has been measured for membranes isolated from leaves of Pisum sativum grown under either summer or winter conditions. Although the lipid-class composition was not significantly changed for the two growth conditions the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids was greater for winter than summer plants. The difference in unsaturation was evident with all lipid classes of the non-thylakoid membranes including the galactolipids of the chloroplast envelope. In contrast, both the relative amounts of lipid classes and degree of saturation were not greatly changed for summer and winter thylakoids with the exception that phosphatidylglycerol had a greater linolenic acid (18:3) content for the thylakoids of winter grown leaves. However, a striking difference was found for the total acyl lipid to chlorophyll ratio for thylakoids isolated from summer or winter plants, with the former producing a lower ratio than the latter growth conditions. The above changes in lipid composition of chloroplast membranes are discussed in terms of optimizing their functional activities under the different growth conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405185
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