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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical limits to microbial growth yields: An analysis of mixed substrate utilization (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33 (1989), S. 799-799 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260330620
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical limits to microbial growth yields: An analysis of mixed substrate utilization (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 32 (1988), S. 86-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical analysis has been made of carbon conversion efficiency during heterotrophic microbial growth. The expectation was that the maximal growth yield occurs when all the substrate is assimilated and the net flow of carbon through dissimilation is zero. This, however, is not identical to a 100% carbon conversion, since assimilatory pathways lead to a net production of CO2. It can be shown that the amount of CO2 produced by way of assimilatory processes is dependent upon the nature of the carbon source, but independent of its degree of reduction and varies between 12 and 29% of the substrate carbon. An analysis of published yield data reveals that nearly complete assimilation can occur during growth on substrates with a high energy content. This holds for substrates with a heat of combustion of ca. 550 kJ/mol C, or a degree of reduction higher than 5 (e.g. ethane, ethanol, and methanol). Complete assimilation can also be achieved on substrates with a lower energy content, provided that an auxiliary energy source is present that cannot be used as a carbon source. This is evident from the cell yields reported for Candida utilis grown on glucose plus formate and for Thiobacillus versutus grown on acetate plus thiosulfate. This evaluation of the carbon conversion efficiency during assimilation also made it possible to compare the energy content of the auxiliary energy substrate added with the quantity of the carbon source it had replaced. It will be shown that utilization of the auxiliary energy source may lead to extreme changes in the efficiency of dissimilatory processes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260320112
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of dead time calculation in liquid chromatography using a linearization procedure for homologous series (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 10 (1987), S. 191-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Dead time calculation ; Homologous series ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A mathematical method for the calculation of the dead time (tm) in HPLC was evaluated using a computer simulation approach, in which artificial perturbations were introduced to Simulated homolog retention times. The calculation was based on a modified and extended Grobler and Bálisz (GB) method. Investigated wav how the precision of the calculated tM is affected by: statistical fluctuations in retention times and which, and how many homolog retention times are used. Based on these simulations a two-step procedure for the tM calculation is proposed: In the first step the linearity of log tR, n vs carbon number n is checked using as many homolog retention times as possible. The slope value bo of the first linear regression in the GB method is used for the selection of homolog retention times in the final tM calculation. In the second step the optimal selection of homologs is made and the final tM calculation is carried out. Guidelines for homolog selection are given.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240100407
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  • 4
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    Implications of new measurements of O-16 + p + C-12,13, N-14,15 for the abundances of C, N isotopes at the cosmic ray source (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The fragmentation of a 225 MeV/n O-16 beam was investigated at the Bevalac. Preliminary cross sections for mass = 13, 14, 15 fragments are used to constrain the nuclear excitation functions employed in galactic propagation calculations. Comparison to cosmic ray isotonic data at low energies shows that in the cosmic ray source C-13/C approximately 2% and N-14/0=3-6%. No source abundance of N-15 is required with the current experimental results.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: OG-4.3-2 , 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf - Vol. 2; p 80-83; NASA-CP-2376-VOL-2
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und Reaktivität von 2-Borolenen und von 3-Borolenen (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 420-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Reactivity of 2-Borolenes and of 3-BorolenesC-Unsubstituted 3-borolenes C4H6BR (1) with alkyl, aryl, or dialkylamino substituents at boron are obtained by treating RBX2 (MeBBr2, C6H11BCl2, PhBCl2, o-TolBCl2, MesBCl2, Me2NBCl2, Et2NBCl2, (iPr)2NBCl2) with Mg(C4H6) · 2 THF in ether. Catalytic isomerization reactions produce the corresponding 2-borolenes C4H6BR (2) (R = Ph, NMe2, NEt2, N(iPr)2). Additional 2-borolenes (R = Me, Ph, Cl, OMe) can be obtained efficiently via 1-(diisopropylamino)-2-borolene (2h). Addition of organolithium reagents (LiMe, LiPh) and subsequent treatment with HCl in Et2O affords 1-R-2-borolenes (R = Me, Ph). Addition of polar reagents HX (HCl, MeOH) and subsequently of HCl in Et2O produces 1-heterosubstituted 2-borolenes (R = Cl, OMe). All borolenes are highly air- and watersensitive liquids of high reactivity. In addition to the usual characterization a number of simple crystalline derivatives, including some boratacyclopentene salts, are also described.
    Notes: C-Unsubstituierte 3-Borolene C4H6BR (1) mit Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Dialkylamino-Substituenten am Bor werden durch Umsetzung von RBX2 (MeBBr2, C6H11BCl2, PhBCl2, o-TolBCl2, MesBCl2, Me2NBCl2, Et2NBCl2, (iPr)2NBCl2) mit Mg(C4H6) · 2 THF in Ether erhalten. Katalytische Isomerisierungsreaktionen liefern die entsprechenden 2-Borolene C4H6BR (2) (R = Ph, NMe2, NEt2, N(iPr)2). Weitere 2-Borolene (R = Me, Ph, Cl, OMe) können günstig mit Hilfe von 1-(Diisopropylamino)-2-borolen (2h) erhalten werden. Addition von lithiumorganischen Agenzien (LiMe, LiPh) und anschließende Behandlung mit HCl in Et2O liefert 1-R-2-borolene (R = Me, Ph). Addition von polaren Agenzien HX (HCl, MeOH) und danach von HCl in Et2O ergibt 1-heterosubstituierte 2-Borolene (R = Cl, OMe). Alle Borolene sind sehr luft- und wasserempfindliche Flüssigkeiten von hoher Reaktivität. Zusätzlich zur üblichen Charakterisierung werden einige einfache kristallisierte Derivate beschrieben, darunter einige Boratacyclopenten-Salze.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19861190205
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screw design in injection molding (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 479-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The performance of screws of advanced design in injection molding has been investigated with respect to four different objectives: (1) improvement of distributive mixing; (2) improvement of dispersive mixing; (3) increase of plasticating capacity; and (4) reduction of inhomogeneity of melt temperature.The screws used are three zone screws with different compression ratios, screws with pineapple or Maddock/Egan mixing elements, with one or two channel barrier sections, with static mixers mounted in the valve or in the nozzle, or with combinations of these different elements. The best mixing quality is obtained with multi-channel Maddock sections. The highest plasticating capacity and, consequently, the shortest cycle times are achieved with the barrier screws. Temperature measurements show that these screws improve melt homogeneity considerably with a relatively small loss of plasticating time. In all cases, increasing the back pressure gives inferior results compared with improvement of the screw design.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760290708
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological characterization of polyetheretherketone-carbon fiber composites (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 505-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of processing conditions on the morphology of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) graphite reinforced composites (APC-2) has been characaterized. Differential scanning calorimetry was utilized to examine the effect of quench rate on recrystallization where a change in mechanism was observed at a rate of 5°C/min. Optical microscopy revealed a decrease in spherulite size and a reduced degree of transcrystallinity at the graphic fiber surface with increasing quench rates. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated a change in relaxational processes in the Tg region with varying quench rates.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070330218
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling reverse osmosis separations with strong solute-membrane affinity at different temperatures using the finely porous model (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1129-1148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The reverse osmosis separation of toluene from water has been studied using an asymmetric cellulose acetate membrane at different temperatures, pressures, and feed concentrations. The finely porous transport model is used to describe the performance of the membrane as a function of the operating conditions. Based on experimental data, the transport parameters for the membrane are estimated. These parameters include the pore size of the membrane, the frictional parameter for the solute in the membrane pore, the relative porosity of the membrane surface, and the partition coefficients on the high and low pressure sides of the membrane. The influence of operating temperature on some of these parameters is presented and discussed. A modified form of the finely porous model which includes the effect of temperature is presented.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350501
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aging and performance of structural film adhesives. III. Effect of humidity on a modern aerospace adhesivePresented in part at Polymer 85, Melbourne, Australia, February 1985. (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 15-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The aging of an uncured, DGEBA-based commercial film adhesive exposed to high humidity at 40°C was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thermal analysis, solubility, flow, and mechanical testing of joints. DGEBA and brominated DGEBA resins, and representative mixes of these were hydrolyzed in vitro. It is suggested that the major reaction at 40°C is polymerization, which is accelerated by moisture and leads to a crosslinked structure different to that resulting from normal cure. The poorer adhesive performance after aging is mainly the result of reduced resin flow during joint formation, although there is some contribution from the hydrolysis of epoxide groups which leads to lower crosslink density in the cured adhesive. The softening point of the uncured material and Tg of the cured material are useful indicators of the quality of this adhesive which, compared to some earlier formulations, has improved resistance to these conditions.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical considerations in the use of stable isotope labelled compounds as tracers in clinical studies (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Increasingly widespread usage of stable isotope tracers to aid clinical diagnosis and support basic research has stemmed from both advances in mass spectrometry and the availability of competitively priced labelled compounds. Stable isotopes have been used generally to investigate normal and abnormal metabolic pathways, to estimate energy expenditure and body composition and to quantitate substrate flux and oxidation rates. Despite the fact that the underlying principles relating to the use of stable isotopes for in vivo studies are straightforward, careful consideration must be given to all aspects of human studies. This review highlights some of these, including choice of label and tracer molecule, mode of tracer administration and sampling site, analytical instrumentation, interpretation of data and ethical constraints.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180507
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