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  • Articles  (52)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (40)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (12)
  • 1985-1989  (52)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous fusion between metastatic mammary tumor subpopulations (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 36 (1988), S. 129-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: hybrid cells ; metastasis ; heterogeneity ; generation of aneuploidy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: This study describes a differential frequency of spontaneous fusion between metastatic and nonmetastatic subpopulations derived from a single mouse mammary tumor. Subpopulations 66, 66cl4 (a variant of 66 which is resistant to both thioguanine and ouabain), 410.4, and 44FTO (a thioguanine-resistant, ouabain-resistant derivative of 410.4) spontaneously metastasize from subcutaneous and mammary fatpad sites. Subpopulations 168, 168FARO (a diaminopurine-resistant, ouabain-resistant derivative of 168), 67, 68H, and 410 do not. The ability of these subpopulation lines to fuse spontaneously in vitro was determined after coculturing a drug-resistant line with a wild-type line in nonselective media. After 16-20 h of coculture, cells were plated in the appropriate media to select for fusion products - either HAT (hypoxanthine, aminopterin, thymidine) plus ouabain or AA (alanosine, adenine) plus ouabain - to determine the number of colony-forming cells (fusion products) present per 104 cells plated. When both subpopulations of the pair in the fusion mixture were metastatic, a significantly greater number of fusion products was recovered than if one or both of the subpopulations in the fusion mixture was nonmetastatic, with one exception: line 410 readily fused with both 66cl4 and 44FTO. Subline 410 was highly metastatic when originally isolated but lost its metastatic competence after a brief time in tissue culture.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240360204
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Addition of magnetic field capability to existing extremely-low-frequency electric field exposure systems (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 10 (1989), S. 85-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: ELF ; magnetic fields ; exposure systems ; biological effects ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Magnetic field systems were added to existing electric field exposure apparatuses for exposing cell suspensions in vitro and small animals in vivo. Two horizontally oriented, rectangular coils, stacked one directly above the other, have opposite electric currents. This configuration minimizes leakage fields and allows sham- and field-exposure systems to be placed in the same room or incubator. For the in vitro system, copper plates formed the loop-pair, with up to 900 A supplied by a 180:1 transformer. Electric fields were supplied via electrodes at the ends of cell-culture tubes, eight of which can be accommodated by each exposure system. Two complete systems are situated in an incubator to allow simultaneous sham and field exposure up to 1 mT. For the in vivo system, four pairs of 0.8 × 2.7-m coils made of copper bus bar are employed. This arrangement is energized from the power grid via a 30:1 transformer; horizontal magnetic flux densities up to 1 mT can be generated. Pairs of electrode plates spaced 30.5 cm apart provide electric field exposure of up to 130 kV/m. Four systems with a capacity of 48 rats each are located in one room. For both the in vitro and in vivo systems, magnetic exposure fields are uniform to within ± 2.5%, and sham levels are at least 2,500-fold lower than exposure levels. Potential confounding factors, such as heating and vibration, were examined and found to be minimal.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250100109
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal antibodies against plant proteins recognise animal intermediate filaments (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 8 (1987), S. 312-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: plant cytoskeleton ; Chlamydomonas ; anti-IFA ; onion root tip cells ; immunoflurescence ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Four monoclonal antibodies were raised against polypetides present in a highsalt detergent-insoluble fraction from cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of fibroblasts and epithelial cells grown in culture using these plant antibodies revealed staining arrays identical to those obtained with well characterised antibodies to animal intermediate filaments. Immunoflurescence microscopy of Chlamydomonas with these monoclonal antibodies and a monoclonal antibody that recognises all animal intermediate filaments (anti-IFA) gave a diffuse, patchy cytoplasmic staining pattern. Both the plant antibodies and anti-IFA stained interphase onion root tip cells in a diffuse perinuclear pattern. In metaphase through to telophase, the labelling patterns colocalised with those of microtubules. Labelling of the phragmoplast was also detected but not staining of the preprophase band. On Western blots of various animal cell lines and tissues, all the antibodies labelled known intermediate filament proteins. On Western blots of whole Chlamydomonas proteins, all the antiboides labelled a broad band in the 57,000 Mr range, and three antibodies labelled bands around 66,000 and 140,000 Mr but with varibale intensites. On Western blots of whole onion root tip proteins, all the antibodies labelled 50,0000 Mr (two to three bands) polypetides and a diffuse and around 60,000 Mr and three of the antibodies also labelled several polypeptides in the 90,000-200,000 Mr range. The consistent labelling of these different bands by several different monoclonal antibodies recognising animal intermediate filaments makes these polypetides putative plant intermediate filament proteins.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970080404
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive capacity of sea urchin centrosomes without centrioles (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 13 (1989), S. 264-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: microtubules ; microtubule organizing center ; mitosis ; monaster ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: For animal cells, the relative roles of the centrioles and the pericentriolar material (the cenrosomal microtubule organizing center) in controlling the precise doubling of the centrosome before mitosis have not been well defined. To this end we devised an experimental system that allowed us to characterize the capacity of the centrosomal microtubule organizing center to double regularly in the absence of centrioles. Sea urchin eggs were fertilized, stripped of their fertilization envelopes, and fragmented before syngamy. Those activated egg fragments containing just the female pronucleus assembled a monaster at first mitosis. A serial section ultrastructural analysis of such monasters revealed that the radially arrayed microtubules were organized by a hollow fenestrated sphere of electrondense material, of the same appearance as pericentriolar material, that was devoid of centrioles. We followed individual fragments with only a female pronucleus through at least three cell cycles and found that the monasters did not double between mitoses. The observation that fragments with only a male pronucleus repeatedly divided in a normal fashion indicates that the assembly and behavior of monasters were not artifacts of egg fragmentation. Our results demonstrate that the activity that controls the precise doubling of the centrosome before mitosis is distinct and experimentally separable from the centrosomal microtubule organizing center. Our observations also extend the correlation between the reproductive capacity of a centrosome and the number of centrioles it contains (G Sluder and CL Rieder, 1985a: J. Cell Biol. 100:887-896). For a cell that normally has centrioles, we show that a centrosome without centrioles does not reproduce between mitoses.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970130405
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High resolution recycle gas chromatography with off-line flame ionization detection (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 10 (1987), S. 497-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Recycle gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Off-line flame Ionization detector ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preliminary results of a recycle system employing fused silica capillary columns are discussed. The unit, which can be operated with a pre-column for multidimensional GC, utilizes continuous stream splitting for off-line flame ionization detection. Commercially available rotary valves were used for recirculation of the chromatographic zone between column loops. Adsorptive activity, which is shown to be additive, is a serious limitation in the analysis of polar compounds. The successful application of recycle chromatography to increase resolution on non-polar mixtures is demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240100904
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative estimation of quaternary ammonium neuromuscular blocking agents in serum by direct insertion probe chemical ionization mass spectrometry (1986)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 327-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new method based on selected ion monitoring chemical ionization mass spectrometry was developed to measure the quaternary ammonium neuromuscular blocking agents, pancuronium and vecuronium, in serum. An ion-pair extraction procedure is utilized to separate the compounds of interest from biological fluids. The intensities of the ion currents produced by the bisamines formed from the drugs and the corresponding deuterated internal standards through thermolytic dequaternization are monitored. The assay shows good linearity over the range of 1-500 ng/ml. This assay has been utilized in a variety of clinical pharmacokinetic studies involving surgical pediatric, geriatric and obstetric patients requiring anesthesia.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200130703
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Desorption chemical ionization and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric studies of the glucuronide metabolites of doxylamine (1986)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 627-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three glucuronide metabolites of doxylamine succinate were collected in a single fraction using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from the urine of dosed male Fischer 344 rats. The metabolites were then separated using an additional HPLC step into fractions containing predominantly a single glucuronide metabolite. Analysis of the metabolites by methane and ammonia desorption chemical ionization, with and without derivatization, revealed fragment ions suggestive of a hydroxylated doxylamine moiety. Identification of the metabolites as glucuronides of doxylamine, desmethyldoxylamine and didesmethyldoxylamine was accomplished, based on determination of the molecular weight and exact mass of each metabolite using fast atom bombardment (FAB) ionization. This assignment was confirmed by the fragmentation observed in FAB mass spectrometric and tandem mass spectrometric experiments. Para-substitution of the glucuronide on the phenyl moiety was observed by 500-MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. A fraction containing all three glucuronide metabolites, after a single stage of HPLC separation, was also analysed by FAB mass spectrometry, and the proton- and potassium-containing quasimolecular ions for all three metabolites were observed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200131108
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid and quantitative extraction and analysis of trace organics using directly coupled SFE-GC (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 12 (1989), S. 714-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid extraction ; Capillary gas chromatography ; On-line coupling ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Supercritical fluid extraction can be coupled with capillary gas chromatography (SFE-GC) using commercially-available on-column or split/splitless injection ports. While liquid solvent extractions require several hours or even days to perform, SFC-GC analyses can be completed in ≤ 1 hour including extraction, analyte concentration, and GC separation. SFE-GC yields chromatographic peak shapes that compare favorably with those obtained using conventional liquid solvent injections. Quantitative extraction and recovery of analytes is usually achieved in 10 minutes, and maximum sensitivity is obtained since the extracted analytes can be quantitatively transferred into the GC column for cryogenic focusing prior to GC analysis. SFE-GC analysis of a variety of organic pollutants from environmental solids and sorbent resins, and flavor and fragrance compounds from food products will be discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240121105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thy-1 is a differentiation antigen that characterizes immature murine erythroid and myeloid hematopoietic progenitors (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 123 (1985), S. 25-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: To determine the role of Thy-1 antigen in murine hematopoietic differentiation, bone marrow was treated with anti-Thy-1.2 antibody and complement or complement alone. Growth of immature hematopoietic progenitors, erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E), and granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) was greatly reduced following antibody and complement treatment and was not restored by mitogen-stimulated spleen cell supernatants. In contrast, more mature erythroid and myeloid progenitors, the erythroid colony-forming unit (CFU-E) and the macrophage progenitor stimulated by L-cell-conditioned media (LCM), were spared by anti-Thy-1.2 antibody and complement treatment. Here, to separate the effects of anti-Thy-1.2 antibody treatment on accessory cells from those on progenitors, splenic T cells and thymocytes were added to treated marrow at ratios of up to 200%. Growth of BFU-E and CFU-GM was not restored. To more precisely replace required accessory cells, male complement-treated marrow was cocultured with female anti-Thy-1.2 antibody and complement-treated marrow. Even marrow cells failed to restore female BFU-E and CFU-GM growth. Fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) and immune sheep red cell rosetting with anti-Thy-1.2-labeled marrow were then performed to determine if immature hematopoietic progenitors bear Thy-1.2-positive fraction, demonstrating the presence of Thy-1.2 on early murine hematopoietic progenitors. CFU-E and CFU-M were present in the Thy-1.2-negative fraction following FACS separation. These data demonstrate that Thy-1.2 is a differentiation antigen, present on at least some murine BFU-E and CFU-GM and lost as they mature to CFU-E and CFU-M.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041230105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteoglycan synthesis by primary chick skeletal muscle during in vitro myogenesis (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 133 (1987), S. 258-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The proteoglycans synthesized by primary chick skeletal muscle during in vitro myogenesis were compared with those of muscle-specific fibroblasts. Cultures of skeletal muscle cells and muscle fibroblasts were separately labeled using [35S] sulfate as a precursor. The proteoglycans of the cell layer and medium were separately extracted and isolated by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel followed by gel filtration chromatography on Sepharose CL-2B. Two cell layer-associated proteoglycans synthesized both by skeletal muscle cells and muscle fibroblasts were identified. The first, a high molecular weight proteoglycan, eluted from Sepharose CL-2B with a Kav of 0.07 and contained exclusively chondroitin sulfate chains with an average molecular weight greater than 50,000. The second, a relatively smaller proteoglycan, eluted from Sepharose CL-2B with a Kav of 0.61 and contained primarily heparan sulfate chains with an average molecular weight of 16,000. Two labeled proteoglycans were also found in the medium of both skeletal muscle and muscle fibroblasts. A high molecular weight proteoglycan was found with virtually identical properties to that of the high molecular weight chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan of the cell layer. A second, smaller proteoglycan had a similar monomer size (Kav of 0.63) to the cell layer heparan sulfate proteoglycan, but differed from it in that this molecule contained primarily chondroitin sulfate chains with an average molecular weight of 32,000. Studies on the distribution of these proteoglycans in muscle cells during in vitro myogenesis demonstrated that a parallel increase in the relative amounts of the smaller proteoglycans occurred in both the cell layer and medium compared to the large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in each compartment. In contrast, muscle-derived fibroblasts displayed a constant ratio of the small proteoglycans of the cell layer and medium fractions, compared to the larger chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan of the respective fraction as a function of cell density. Our results support the concept that proteoglycan synthesis is under developmental regulation during skeletal myogenesis.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041330209
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