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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (54)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (23)
  • 1985-1989  (77)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Image-Contrast Characteristics of Strains, Surface Rugosity, and Defects in Small Metallic Particles (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 6 (1987), S. 367-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Stacking faults ; Dynamical theory calculations ; Digital image processing ; Weak beam images ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: An analysis of the effects of strain and surface roughness on the contrast of weak beam images of small metallic particles is carried out. in order to study these effects, theoretical calculations of the intensity obtained in wedge-shaped bent gold crystals were performed. These calculations were based on the standard form (Bethe's approach) of the dynamical theory. The theoretical results were compared with weak beam experimental images of gold particles. It was found that the image contrast obtained in thin crystalline regions is not sensitive to strain. Therefore, intensity variations experimentally obtained in these regions seem more likely to be related to the surface roughness of the crystalline specimen. We also studied (experimentally and theoretically) the image-contrast characteristics of stacking faults in small particles. The comparison between the experimental micrographs and the theoretical images suggests a possible model of the small particle shape. This model seems to explain most of the experimentally observed image-contrast characteristics.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060060407
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the thermodynamic foundations of viscoelasticity (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 5068-5075 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that extended irreversible thermodynamics provides a natural scheme for describing viscoelastic bodies. This is achieved by introducing the inelastic stress tensor as variable in complement of the standard variables. The Poynting–Thomson, Maxwell, and Kelvin–Voigt models are recovered as particular cases of the formalism. Nonlinear and more complicated models, like Jeffreys' model, are also suggested. Propagation of plane harmonic waves and the consequences of the application of external sinusoidal solicitations are investigated. Finally, a comparison with some other theories is made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454660
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectra of diatomic polar molecules in rare-gas liquids. I. Spectral theory (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 3435-3442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theoretical model for the infrared (0–1) band of dilute solutions of diatomic polar molecules in nonpolar rare-gas liquids is presented. The model is based on decomposition of the rotational motion of the diatomic molecule into two limiting cases, according to the Bratos model: quasifree rotation and rotational diffusion. Contribution to the infrared absorption coefficient due to quasifree rotation is analyzed within a non-Markovian formalism using a stochastic directing intermolecular field (DIF) model to describe the diatomic molecule–solvent interaction. The P and R branches appear as a consequence of the quasifree contribution, which is also important in the Q-branch region. The contribution due to rotational diffusion is calculated making use of the Debye model and is mainly significant in the Q-branch region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456918
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectra of diatomic polar molecules in rare-gas liquids. II. Application to the HCl in Ar, Kr, and Xe solutions (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 3443-3449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In paper I (the preceding paper), a spectral theory describing the near infrared fundamental band spectra of diatomic polar molecules impurities in nonpolar solvents has been developed in terms of a reduced set of parameters. In this paper, this spectral theory is applied to HCl in Ar, Kr, and Xe liquid solutions. The parameters obtained by fitting the experimental and calculated profiles are in good agreement with those calculated using several microscopic theories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456872
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Duals and propagators: A canonical formalism for nonlinear equations (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 29 (1988), S. 353-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: A new formalism for solving general nonlinear equations is proposed. Given a nonlinear operator equation, a dual operator is constructed, canonically, similar to the adjoint operator in linear theory. By using this dual operator, advanced and retarded propagators (analogs of the Green's functions in linear theory) are generated. These propagators satisfy the customary reciprocity and semigroup properties and yield the formal solution of the original nonlinear problem. It is further shown that these propagators can be obtained either by solving a linear equation that still contains an implicit dependence on the problem's solution or by solving a closed-form nonlinear integral equation from which the problem's solution itself is completely eliminated. The formalism is canonical in the sense that its applicability is not affected by the particularities of the nonlinear operator, boundary conditions, and underlying phase space. All aspects of applying this formalism to nonlinear problems are illustrated analytically on the Riccati equation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.528075
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetoresistance and anisotropy of the resistivity in Ni/Nb and Ni/Si multilayers (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 6110-6112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Multilayers of Nb/Ni and Ni/Si have been fabricated by dc triode sputtering. Standard x-ray diffraction in the reflection geometry shows good layering for both systems with several orders in small-angle scans which correspond to the modulation of the films. High-angle scans show that Nb/Ni films growth with (111) texture for Ni layers and (110) for Nb layers. Ni/Si multilayers do not show any texture. Transverse magnetoresistance (TMR), longitudinal magnetoresistance (LMR), and the spontaneous anisotropy of the resistivity (SAR) have been measured with an applied field up to 70 kOe and between 10 and 110 K and bilayer thicknesses between 60 and 200 A(ring). Both systems show LMR and TMR to be very small in comparison with pure Ni films. The SAR effect is temperature independent and increases with bilayer thickness. Also, it is higher for Nb/Ni than Ni/Si multilayers with ρ(parallel) 〉ρ⊥ for Ni/Si but ρ(parallel) 〈ρ⊥ for Nb/Ni samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Very low-frequency hysteresis loops in ferroelectric liquid crystals: A new optical technique (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 4921-4924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new optical technique for quantitative studies of switching processes in ferroelectric liquid crystals is reported. The molecular reorientational changes are determined directly as a function of the exciting electric field. By that means, information can be obtained which is similar and complementary to that derived from the polarization current measurements. The method is specially adapted for very low-frequency regimes (≤0.1 Hz). In contrast to the polarization technique, there are no spurious conductive and capacitive contributions. The features of the method are illustrated by studying the switching process of a 9-μm-thick sample of p-(n-decyloxybenzylidene)-p-amino-(2-methyl-buthyl) cinnamate (DOBAMBC) under a triangular wave of 0.03 Hz. The temperature dependence of the coercive fields of these low-frequency cycles is found to obey a power law at the chiral smectic C (Sm C*) phase. The frequency dependence of the coercive fields exhibits a null value at the zero-frequency limit in contrast to that of the solid-state ferroelectrics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340433
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistivity effects in the Ce(Pd,Rh)3B1 and Ce(Rh,Ru)3B2 system (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3180-3182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report Ce-L3-valence state and temperature-dependent resistivity results on two pseudoternary alloy series: CeT3Bn where n=1 with T=(Pd, Rh) and where n=2 with T=(Rh,Ru). Our results indicate that both series pass continuously from a Kondo local-moment regime to a mixed valent regime to a saturated valence regime with decreasing 4d electron concentration on the T sublattice. We correlate the temperature-dependent resistivity results with the Ce-L3-valence variation for both series. For the n=1 series, Kondo-type behavior appears in the local-moment regime, while for the n=2 series, ferromagnetism appears in the local-moment regime. We also note that in the mixed valence regime, for both series, the absolute value of the resistance drops rapidly, indicating a loss of magnetic scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338920
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy of RT2Si2 and RT2Ge2 compounds (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3503-3505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) measurements on 1:2:2 compounds of the form RT2X2 with R=Ce and Eu, T=a transition metal, and X=Si or Ge are presented. XANES measurements on each of the three sublattices are used to elucidate elements of the electronic structure of these compounds. In particular, the evidence for the strongly bonded T-X planes, the coupling of the Ce valence-state stability to the T-X planes, and the response of the X-p orbitals to varying transition-metal components are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340723
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the near-intrinsic and extrinsic photocapacitance due to the EL2 level in boron-implanted GaAs (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 1661-1669 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A detailed analysis of the photocapacitance signal at the near-band and extrinsic energetic ranges in Schottky barriers obtained on horizontal Bridgman GaAs wafers, which were implanted with boron at different doses and annealed at several temperatures, has been carried out by using the optical isothermal transient spectroscopy, OITS. The optical cross sections have been determined as well as the quenching efficiency of the EL2 level which has been found to be independent of the annealing temperature. Moreover, the quenching relaxation presents two significant features: (i) a strong increase of the quenching efficiency from 1.35 eV on and (ii) a diminution of the quenching transient amplitude in relation with that shown by the fundamental EL2 level. In order to explain this behavior, different cases are discussed assuming the presence of several energy levels, the existence of an optical recuperation, or the association of the EL2 trap with two levels located, respectively, at Ev+0.45 eV and Ec−0.75 eV. The theoretical simulation, taking into account these two last cases, is in agreement with the experimental photocapacitance data at low temperature, as well as at room temperature where the EL2 filling phototransient shows an anomalous behavior. Moreover, unlike the previous data reported for the EL2 electron optical cross section, the values found using our experimental technique are in agreement with the behavior deduced from the theoretical calculation. The utilization of the OITS method has also allowed the determination of another level, whose faster optical contribution is often added to that of the EL2 level when the DLOS or standard photocapacitance is used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337255
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