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  • Column liquid chromatography  (7)
  • 23.20  (3)
  • 07.65.Eh  (2)
  • Springer  (12)
  • American Chemical Society
  • 1985-1989  (12)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (12)
  • American Chemical Society
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved resolution in VUV isochromat spectroscopy (1986)
    Springer
    Applied physics 40 (1986), S. 203-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 07.65.Eh ; 79.60.-i
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The energy resolution of a VUV isochromat spectrometer employing the traditional energy selective Geiger counter can be significantly improved. The variance of the optical resolution function with the usual CaF2 entrance window is (240 meV)2. With SrF2 we obtain (113 meV)2 at room temperature and (73 meV)2 at 70°C. A direct confirmation of these data, which were derived from a moment analysis of the threshold behaviour of an Au isochromat is provided by a measurement of image potential states at Cu(001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616595
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance lonization mass spectroscopy with a pulsed thermal atomic beam (1987)
    Springer
    Applied physics 44 (1987), S. 339-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 07.65.Eh ; 32.70.Fw ; 32.80.Dz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Resonance ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS) and pulsed-laser induced desorption (PLID) have been combined for ultrasensitive detection and spectroscopy of very small samples of refractive elements. The method has been tested and applied to laser spectroscopy of 5×109 atoms (1.5 pg) of195Au (T 1/2= 183d) implanted at the ISOLDE online mass separator with 60 keV into graphite. A pulsed thermal atomic beam was formed by laser desorption with a 10 ns Nd∶Yag laser pulse. Subsequently the atoms were photoionized in a three-colour, three-step resonant excitation to an autoionizing state. The selectivity was enhanced by a time-of-flight measurement of the photo ions. In resonance, one ion was detected per 105 atoms implanted resulting in a gain in detection efficiency by three orders of magnitude in comparison to the use of a continuous atomic beam. In the course of the experiments several unknown autoionizing states were found, and the lifetime of the 6d 2 D 3/2 state of gold was determined to beτ=10.7(6) ns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624601
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of enantiomeric separations with chiral bonded phases (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 21 (1986), S. 205-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Chiral phases ; Optimization of separation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The preparation and properties of chiral bonded phases with amino acid groups are described. These phases were used in non-polar eluents and in aqueous systems in the presence of Cu2+ ions in the ligand-exchange mode. The optimization of chiral resolution is demonstrated for both cases. With non-polar eluents similarity between bonded groups and solutes is required. The elution could be accelerated by non-protonic moderators. Ligand-exchange separation is influenced by the copper content of the eluent and the stationary phase, the organic moderator concentration, the pH and ionic strength of the buffer and by the temperature. Structural requirements of both the bonded groups and of the solutes for chiral separation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02311888
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gyromagnetic ratios of 4+ and 6+ states in156Gd and158Gd (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 331 (1988), S. 277-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.20 ; 27.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The followingg-factors have been derived from time integral measurements of γ-γ angular correlations in the static magnetic hyperfine field of magnetized gadolinium metal probes:156Gd:g(4 1 + )=+0.310(19)g(6 1 + )=+0.25(21)g(4 3 + , 1511 keV)=+0.809(27)158Gd:g(4 1 + )=+0.409(15). The 5.35d 156Tb sources were produced by the reaction156Gd(d, 2n)156Tb in our cyclotron. A carrier-free 150y 158Tb source was obtained from ISOLDE/CERN. In comparison with the precisely knowng-factors of the 2 1 + states,g(2 1 su+ ,156Gd) =+0.386(4) andg(2 1 + ,158Gd)=0.381(4), we observe a large reduction for the156Gd 4 1 + state whereasg increases slightly for158Gd. The half-life of the 4 1 + state of158Gd was remeasured as158Gd:T 1/2(4 1 + )=148(2) ps. A measurement of the rotation in the 4 3 + state of156Gd in external magnetic fields of various strengths up toB ext=9.5 T did not confirm the anomalous dependence of the magnetic hyperfine field in gadolinium metal on the external field, which has been reported by Persson et al. [29].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01355597
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conversion processes in superheavy and giant atoms (1986)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 323 (1986), S. 139-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.20 ; 25.70 ; 36.90
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Conversion of bound state electrons and internale +,e −-pair creation in superheavy and giant atoms are investigated. We consider various nuclear transitions of multipolaritiesE0, EL andML (L≧1) in superheavy atoms with Z〉109. We are concerned in particular with the pecularities of conversion processes in supercritical systems. Our theoretical studies are confronted with the prominent peak structures observed in positron spectra of very heavy collision systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01290305
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yrast states in81Br and82Br (1986)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 324 (1986), S. 127-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10 ; 23.20 ; 27.50+e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Levels in81Br and82Br have been investigated up to spin 21/2 and 10ħ, respectively, on the basis of in-beamγ-ray spectroscopy inα and deuteron induced reactions. In81Br a 3-quasiparticle (qp) band built on a (13/2−) level at 2.55 MeV has been established besides the bands built on thep 3/2 andg 9/2 proton excitations. The 3qp configuration is interpreted to include at least oneg 9/2 proton. The structures observed in the doublyodd nucleus82Br are associated withg 9/2 proton and/or neutron excitations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01325124
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of two-dimensional liquid chromatography in the analysis of additives in cellulose acetate polymer (1988)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 25 (1988), S. 791-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gel permeation ; Column liquid chromatography ; Column switching ; Additives in cellulose acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The capability of elution-elution multi-dimensional liquid chromatography was investigated. A “column scaling” approach was evaluated for the quantification of low-molecular-weight additives in cellulose acetate. A small-bore (1-mm i.d.) gel-permeation column was used to separate the higher-molecular-weight polymer from the lower-molecular-weight components. Once separated these additives were transferred to a C18 reversed-phase column via a switching valve. The reversed-phase system successfully separated and quantified individual additives. Analysis time for an ultraviolet inhibitor, Tinuvin®P, in cellulose acetate, including re-equilibration, was approximately 30 minutes. Both accuracy and precision were good. Precision over a three day period was about 1.5%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02262086
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line procedures for the phase-transfer-catalyzed dansylation of phenolic steroids — Application to biological samples (1988)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 26 (1988), S. 267-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Phase-transfer catalysis ; On-line derivatization ; Phenolic steroids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Commercially available equipment from two manufacturers served to set up an automated system for the precolumn phase-transfer-catalyzed dansylation of phenolic steroids, using ethynyl estradiol (EE) and estradiol (E) as model compounds. Using different mixing techniques, the on-line determination of EE and E in 200μl untreated urine samples was achieved at a rate of 3–8 analyses per hour. Detection limits were calculated to be 3–5 ng/ml. Calibration curves in urine were linear over two orders of magnitude with r=0.999 (n=5) for EE and r=0.999 (n=6) for E. The repeatability of the determination of EE in urine (1μg/ml) was 3.9% (RSD; n=20) and of E (1.5μl/ml) 3.8% (RDS; n=10). The use of plasma instead of urine in the on-line procedures was not possible due to rapid formation of emulsions, but E and EE were determined in 100μl plasma samples using a mild off-line mixing procedure in 10min. Detection limits were calculated to be ca 10ng/ml. A reaction detector, based on a solvent-segmented system, was developed for the on-line post-column dansylation of phenols and was coupled with a reversed-phase LC system. The highly selective system showed excellent linearity over at least two orders of magnitude with r=0.9999 (n=6) for both phenol and 2,5-dimethylphenol. The reproducibility was good with RSD values of around 2%. Detection limits for loop injections from standard solutions were calculated to be between 4 and 11ng.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268165
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of elastin hydrolysis by reverse-phase HPLC with on-line post-colum derivatization (1989)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 27 (1989), S. 225-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Reverse-phase chromatography ; Elastin Hydrolysis measurement ; On-line post-column derivatization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Excessive breakdown of elastin, a structural protein, may be related to aortic disease and emphysema. Since L-valyl-L-proline occurs in high concentrations in elastin, a rapid and sensitive method using HPLC with post-column on-line derivatization was used to measure the dipeptide from swine aortic tissue, and the amount of elastin present was determined. Elastin was extracted by alkaline hydrolysis. After neutralization and filtration, the sample was injected onto a ODS-2 gel column, and the dipeptide was eluted by a linear gradient of 0 to 10% of 1-propanol in 50 mM heptafluorobutyrate, pH 3, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The eluent was reacted with fluorescamine at pH 8.6, and fluorescence was detected at an excitation wavelength of 395 nm and a 455 nm cutoff emission filter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02260451
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line post-column extraction in column liquid chromatography with electron-capture detection (1986)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 22 (1986), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Reversed-phase system ; On-line post-column extraction ; Electron-capture detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A post-column extraction module has been used for the on-line coupling of conventional-size (4.6mm i.d.) reversed-phase liquid chromatography (PPLC) and electron-capture detection (ECD). Hexane and toluene were used as extraction solvents, while methanol turned out to be preferable to dioxane and acetonitrile as modifier in the aqueous eluent. In this system the ECD behaves as a concentration-sensitive detector. The band broadening in the evaporation interface, which connects the extraction module with the ECD, dominates the total post-column band broadening; it can be reduced to 3–4 sec by directing at least 0.25–0.30 ml/min (i.e. 25–30%) of the extraction solvent to the ECD. Optimal signal-to-noise ratios were observed if 30–60% of the extraction solvent is directed to the ECD. The noise levels are 5–10 times higher than in systems using a direct coupling of normal-phase LC or narrow-bore reversed-phase liquid chromatography to the ECD. Separations of phenylurea herbicides and chlorophenols demonstrate the applicability of the RPLC-extraction module-ECD system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02268765
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