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  • Genetics  (28)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (28)
  • International Union of Crystallography
  • 1985-1989  (28)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant tubulin genes: Structure and differential expression during development (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 8 (1987), S. 435-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: tubulin genes ; microtubules ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Microtubules are important components of the cytoskeleton of plant cells and play key roles in plant growth and morphogenesis. Recent molecular studies have begun to elucidate the structure and expression of plant genes coding for the major components of microtubules, α- and β-tubulin. Tubulin amino acid sequences deduced from the DNA sequences of eight higher plant tubulin genes are 79-87% homologous with constitutively expressed mammalian tubulins. The genome of the model plant system Arabidopsis thaliana contains four dispersed α-tubulin sequences and at least seven β-tubulin sequences, only two of which appear to be linked. Of the five A. thaliana genes whose expression has been analyzed, the transcripts of one α-tubulin and one β-tubulin gene are constitutively expressed in roots, leaves, and flowers. A second α-tubulin gene is expressed predominately in flowers; the transcripts of the second and third β-tubulin genes are found predominately in leaves or in roots, respectively.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020080511
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor formation and morphogenesis on different Nicotiana sp and hybrids induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-DNA mutants (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 8 (1987), S. 61-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Agrobacterium insertion mutants ; hormone equilibria ; differentiation ; dedifferentiation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A series of experiments are presented that have been performed to observe the interactions between Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains mutated in the T-DNA genes involved in indoleacetic acid and cytokinin biosynthesis and several Nicotiana species and hybrids. Infections were induced on leaf cuttings of Nicotiana debneyi, N. knightiana, N. clevelandii, N. bigelovii var bigelovii, N. bigelovii var quadrivalvis, N. glauca, N. langsdorffii, the amphidiploid tumorous hybrid N. glauca × N. langsdorffii, and a nontumorous mutant of it. The effect of deletions of the Ti plasmid varied according to plant genotype. Insertion mutants in iaaM and iaaH suppressed tumor formation in N. langsdorffii, reduced it in N. bigeloviivar quadrivalvis, had no effect in N. glauca and the two amphidiploid hybrids, and promoted tumorigenesis when compared to the wild-type Agrobacterium strain B6S3 in N. bigelovii N. debneyi, and N. knightiana. The same mutations induced shoot formation in N. glauca, increased it in N. debneyi, and suppressed root formation in N. knightiana. On the other hand, an insertion mutation of the isopentenyl transferase gene (ipt-) had no effect in N. bigelovii var quadrivalvis, N. debneyi, the tumorous hybrid, suppressed tumor formation in N. langsdorffii, and inhibited it in N. glauca, the nontumorous hybrid, N. bigelovii var bigelovii, and N. knightiana. Insertion in ipt suppressed shoot formation in the nontumorous hybrid and inhibited it in the nontumorous amphidiploid and N. debneyi, while promoting root formation in N. glauca and N. debneyi.The suggestion of the existence of specific hormone equilibria necessary for the shift to each morphogenetic pattern was supported by experiments with exogenous hormone treatments of three genotypes (N. glauca, N. langsdorffii, and the nontumorous N. glauca × N. langsdorffii).
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020080202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurochemical characterization of embryonic brain development in trisomy 19 (Ts19) mice: Implications of selective deficits observed for abnormal neural development in aneuploidy (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 8 (1987), S. 267-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: mental retardation ; Down syndrome ; cholinergic neurons ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In this study, we examined the neurochemical profiles of selected brain regions (cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon/brainstem) in fetal (day 14 to 18 gestation) trisomy 19 (Ts19) mice. The neurochemical characteristics we observed in Ts19 mice were quite different from those we observed previously in Ts16 mice. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was reduced significantly in the cerebral hemispheres, but not in the brainstem/diencephalon, of the fetal Ts19 mouse brain, suggesting a selective vulnerability of telencephalic cholinergic neurons. Additionally, the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) was reduced significantly in both hemispheres and diencephalon/brainstem of late gestation Ts19 fetuses, suggesting a selective vulnerability of GABAergic neurons as well. While the levels of catecholaminergic and dopaminergic markers were reduced significantly at late gestational ages, the relative rate of turnover of dopamine (DA), measured by the ratio of DOPAC/DA, was elevated significantly in Ts19 mice. Neither reduction in the thickness of various cellular zones of the cerebral cortex nor reduced cell density of the cerebral cortex accounts for the alterations in neurochemical parameters observed in Ts19 mice. These results suggest that the effects of the triplication of specific genes on the respective chromosomes, rather than a generalized disruption of developmental homeostasis resulting from extra chromosomal material, may produce selective alterations in neurochemical and neuroanatomical markers observed in these two mouse trisomies.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020080409
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiplicity of mechanisms of carbon catabolite repression involved in the synthesis of alcohol oxidase in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pinus (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 3 (1987), S. 233-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Pichia pinus ; alcohol oxidase ; catabolite repression ; metabolic regulation ; methanol ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect of various carbon compounds on the synthesis of alcohol oxidase in a medium with methanol was studied in the wild type strain of Pichia pinus as well as in gcr1 and ecr1 mutants defective in glucose and ethanol repression of methanol metabolic enzymes, respectively. Compounds repressing the synthesis of alcohol oxidase in the wild type strain were divided into four groups. Repression of alcohol oxidase by compounds of the first group (glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, L-sorbose and xylose) was impaired only in the gcr1 mutant and that by compounds of the second group (ethanol, acetate, 2-oxoglutarate and erythritol) only in the ecr1 mutant. Repression by compounds of the third group (malate, dihydroxyacetone) was not impaired in both these regulatory mutants and that by compounds of the fourth group (succinate, fumarate, L-arabinose, sorbitol, salicin, xylitol and cellobiose) was partially reduced in both gcr1 and ecr1 strains.Mutation gcr1 causes a significant decrease in phosphofructokinase activity. It also led to a six- to seven-fold increase in intracellular pools of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate and to a two-fold decrase in the intracellular pool of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. In ecr1 strains, a decrese in 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activity accompanied by an increae in activities of NAD- and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases and NAD- and NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenases was demonstrated. The intracellular pool of 2-oxoglutarate was increased 2·5-fold in ecr1 strains. Genes GCR1 and ECR1 are not linked.The mechanisms of catabolite repression of alcohol oxidase in methylotrophic yeasts are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320030404
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence and mutational analysis of ESS1, a gene essential for growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 5 (1989), S. 55-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Gene disruption ; genetic mapping ; nonsense suppression ; multibudded phenotype ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A newly isolated gene, ESS1, was shown to encode a protein required for vegetative growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The nucleotide sequence of ESS1 revealed a 172 amino acid open reading frame predicting a highly basic, 19·5 kilodalton product. Although the gene was isolated by cross-hybridization with the vertebrate v-sis oncogene, the primary amino acid sequence bears only a slight resemblance to the p28sis protein. ESS1 was shown to be single copy in the yeast genome and transcriptionally active during logarithmic growth. It is located on the right arm of chromosome X, 6 centimorgans distal to ilv3. The genetic map location indicates it is not allelic to any previously characterized mutation in this organism. Both inactivation of ESS1 by gene disruption and overexpression by fusion to a heterologous promoter were detrimental to growth in both haploid and diploid cell types. Under non-permissive conditions, the terminal phenotype of strains containing a suppressible amber mutation within ESS1 was one of aberrant multibudded structures. Examination of this morphology indicates that loss of ESS1 function may lead to a defect in cytokinesis or cell separation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320050108
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the RNA2 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 2 (1986), S. 59-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Splicing ; S. cerevisiae ; RNA2 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The rna2-1 mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. has a consitional lethal phenotype, accumulating high molecular weight RNAs of intron-conataining nuclear genes at 36°C. The cloned RNA2 gene suppresses this phenotype and the RNA2 gene product has been implicated in RNA splicing. Rabbit antisera have been raised againts an N-terminal synthetic peptide taken from the RNA2 gene DNA sequence data, and against a β-galactosidase/RNA2 gene fusion protein. Both antisera identify that same 97-105 kd protein from S. cerevisiae cell extracts which is consistent with the predicted size of the RNA2 protein (from the 2800 nucleotide transcript size and DNA sequence data).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320020105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yeast identification: PC program - version 1 - December 1987 (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 156-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040212
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutants of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pinus defective in C2 metabolism (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 5 (1989), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Pichia pinus ; yeast ; mutants ; ethanol metabolism ; methanol oxidation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A collection of mutants of Pichia pinus which are unable to grow on ethanol but retain the ability to grow on glucose and methanol, was obtained. Genetic and biochemical analysis of these strains revealed mutations in seven nuclear genes affecting activities of isocitrate lyase (icl1), malate synthase (mls1), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pck1), ‘malic’ enzyme (mdd1) and acetyl-CoA synthetase (acs1, acs2 and acs3). All mutations except acs1-acs3 have no effect on the activities of other enzymes involved in C2 metabolism. Mutations acs1, acs2 and acs3 have a pleiotropic action, leading to partial reduction in activities of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase. Ethanol-induced repression of the synthesis of the methanol oxidative enzymes, alcohol oxidase and catalase, is not impaired in these seven mutant classes. On the other hand, C2 compound-induced inactivation of alcohol oxidase and catalase is impaired in mutants acs1, acs2, acs3 and icl1. It was suggested that glyoxylate and acetate (or acetate precursors) act as low molecular weight effectors, ‘switching on’ inactivation and repression, respectively, of alcohol oxidase and catalase in the medium containing ethanol or acetate.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320050307
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5′-Secondary structure formation, in constrast to a short string of non-preferred codons, inhibits the translation of the pyruvate kinase mRNA in yeast (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 5 (1989), S. 187-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Yeast ; messenger RNA ; translation ; codon bias ; RNA secondary-structure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of poor codon bias and secondary structure formation upon the translation of the pyruvate kinase (PYK1) mRNA have been investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Following insertion mutagenesis at the 5′-end of the PYK1 coding region, the gene was transformed into yeast, and translation assessed directly in vivo by determining the distribution of the modified PYK1 mRNAs across polysomes fractionated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The chromosomally-encoded (wild-type) PYK1 mRNA, and the actin, ribosomal protein L3 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNAs were used to control for minor differences between polysome preparations. An insertion containing 13 non-preferred codons at the 5′-end of the coding region was found to have no significant effect upon PYK1 mRNA translation. In contrast, translation was inhibited by an insertion which increased the formation of secondary structures at the 5′-end of the mRNA (overall ΔG = -36·6 kcal/mol). Control insertions were also analysed to exclude the possibility that alterations to the amino acid sequence of pyruvate kinase affect the translation of its mRNA. These insertions, which introduced preferred codons or restored wild-type levels of secondary structure formation, did not significantly influence PYK1 mRNA translation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320050308
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secretion and glycosylation of Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanase A encoded by the celA gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 5 (1989), S. 299-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Heterologous gene expression ; protein secretion ; S. cerevisiae ; glycosylation ; cellulases ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The Clostridium thermocellum celA gene encoding endoglucanase A is expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae but the enzyme produced from the native celA gene is not secreted. After removal of the bacterial signal peptide-coding sequence, the gene was fused to the promoter and prepro segment of the S. cerevisiae MFα1 gene. This construction directs secretion of active endoglucanase A into the culture medium when introduced in yeast on either replicating or integrating vectors. Secretion of endoglucanase A required growth of transformants on rich medium. The secreted enzyme is a 97 000 Da glycoprotein containing about half of its molecular weight as carbohydrate. This new gene fusion could facilitate further research on protein secretion in yeast by using a cellulase as a marker enzyme.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320050410
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