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  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (2)
  • SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1980-1984  (2)
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Year
  • 1
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    Unknown
    The ram accelerator - A chemically driven mass launcher (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The ram accelerator, a chemically propelled mass driver, is presented as a viable new approach for directly launching acceleration-insensitive payloads into low earth orbit. The propulsion principle is similar to that of a conventional air-breathing ramjet. The cargo vehicle resembles the center-body of a ramjet and travels through a tube filled with a pre-mixed fuel and oxidizer mixture. The launch tube acts as the outer cowling of the ramjet and the combustion process travels with the vehicle. Two drive modes of the ram accelerator propulsion system are described, which when used in sequence are capable of accelerating the vehicle to as high as 10 km/sec. The requirements are examined for placing a 2000 kg vehicle into a 500 km orbit with a minimum of on-board rocket propellant for circularization maneuvers. It is shown that aerodynamic heating during atmospheric transit results in very little ablation of the nose. An indirect orbital insertion scenario is selected, utilizing a three step maneuver consisting of two burns and aerobraking. An on-board propulsion system using storable liquid propellants is chosen in order to minimize propellant mass requirements, and the use of a parking orbit below the desired final orbit is suggested as a means to increase the flexibility of the mass launch concept. A vehicle design using composite materials is proposed that will best meet the structural requirements, and a preliminary launch tube design is presented.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 88-2968
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    High effectiveness liquid droplet/gas heat exchanger for space power applications (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A high-effectiveness liquid droplet/gas heat exchanger (LDHX) concept for thermal management in space is described. Heat is transferred by direct contact between fine droplets (approximately 100-300 microns in diameter) of a suitable low vapor pressure liquid and an inert working gas. Complete separation of the droplet and gas media in the zero-g environment is accomplished by configuring the LDHX as a vortex chamber.The large heat transfer area presented by the small droplets permits heat exchanger effectiveness of 0.9-0.95 in a compact, lightweight geometry which avoids many of the limitations of conventional plate and fin or tube and shell heat exchangers, such as their tendency toward single point failure. The application of the LDHX in a high temperature Brayton cycle is discussed to illustrate the performance and operational characteristics of this new heat exchanger concept.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: IAF PAPER 83-433
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Basic and applied research related to the technology of space energy conversion systems (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The first six months' research effort on the Liquid Droplet Radiator (LDR) focussed on experimental and theoretical studies of radiation by an LDR droplet cloud. Improvements in the diagnostics for the radiation facility have been made which have permitted an accurate experimental test of theoretical predictions of LDR radiation over a wide range of optical depths, using a cloud of Dow silicone oil droplets. In conjunction with these measurements an analysis was made of the evolution of the cylindrical droplet cloud generated by a 2300-hole orifice plate. This analysis indicates that a considerable degree of agglomeration of droplets occurs over the first meter of travel. Theoretical studies have centered on developments of an efficient means of computing the angular scattering distribution from droplets in an LDR droplet cloud, so that a parameter study can be carried out for LDR radiative performance vs fluid optical properties and cloud geometry.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-184644 , NAS 1.26:184644
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    A new method of efficient heat transfer and storage at very high temperatures (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A unique, high temperature (1000-2000 K) continuously operating capacitive heat exchanger system is described. The system transfers heat from a combustion or solar furnace to a working gas by means of a circulating high temperature molten refractory. A uniform aggregate of beads of a glass-like refractory is injected into the furnace volume. The aggregate is melted and piped to a heat exchanger where it is sprayed through a counter-flowing, high pressure working gas. The refractory droplets transfer their heat to the gas, undergoing a phase change into the solid bead state. The resulting high temperature gas is used to drive a suitable high efficiency heat engine. The solidified refractory beads are delivered back to the furnace and melted to continue the cycle. This approach avoids the important temperature limitations of conventional tube-type heat exchangers, giving rise to the potential of converting heat energy into useful work at considerably higher efficiencies than currently attainable and of storing energy at high thermodynamic potential.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: Energy to the 21st century; Aug 18, 1980 - Aug 22, 1980; Seattle, WA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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