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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (4)
  • SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE  (4)
  • CYBERNETICS  (3)
  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisense inhibition of c-myc expression reveals common and distinct mechanisms of growth inhibition by TGFβ and TNFα (1991)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 45 (1991), S. 188-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: leukemia ; differentiation ; growth factors ; HL-60 ; cell growth ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Downregulation of the c-myc gene in HL-60 cells is associated with growth inhibition and induction of differentiation. Previous studies have reported that the growth inhibitors TGFβ and TNFα downregulate c-myc mRNA levels, suggesting the possibility that these agents may exert some of their phenotypic effects via c-myc downregulation. Our study demonstrates that although both growth inhibitors produce a similar decrease in c-myc protein synthesis, TNFα produces a greater growth inhibition and differentiation induction in HL-60 cells. Combined addition of anti-myc oligomer with either growth inhibitor produces no additive effect. In fact, 4 μM anti-myc oligomer produces the same growth and differentiation effects as does 10 ng/ml TGFβ1. We conclude that downregulation of c-myc expression represents a common mechanism of growth inhibition by TGFβ and TNFα, but that TNFα possesses an additional effect that is independent of c-myc expression.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240450210
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acrosome reaction induced by immunoaggregation of a proteinase inhibitor bound to the murine sperm head (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 30 (1991), S. 258-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Zona binding ; Fab fragments ; Seminal vesicles ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: ZP3, a glycoprotein of the murine zona pellucida, functions both to bind acrosome intact sperm and to induce the acrosome reaction. Solubilized whole zonae as well as purified ZP3 are able to induce acrosome reactions in capacitated sperm. Pronase digests of whole zonae yield glycopeptides that bind to sperm but are unable to induce acrosome reactions. However, immunoaggregation of these glycopeptides results in the exocytosis of the acrosome in the majority of treated sperm. The data suggest that ZP3 triggers the acrosome reaction by the aggregation of ZP3 binding sites on the sperm head. If aggregation of ZP3 binding sites is important in the induction of the acrosome reaction, then it may be possible to induce the acrosome reaction in the absence of zona by immunoaggregation of the sites. This presentation deals with the immunoaggregation of a proteinase inhibitor of seminal vesicle origin (SVI) that binds to a site on the sperm head known to participate in zona binding. We show that capacitated murine sperm, pretreated with the SVI, will acrosome react, as determined by Coomassie brilliant blue staining, when incubated with rabbit antiinhibitor antiserum (anti-SVI). The percentage of SVI-treated sperm displaying an acrosome reaction is dependent on the concentration of the immune serum. Sperm stain positive for intact acrosomes when anti-SVI Fab fragments or normal rabbit serum is substituted for the immune serum. However, when capacitated sperm, treated with both SVI and anti-SVI Fab fragments, are incubated with goat antirabbit IgG, the majority of sperm acrosome react. The data suggest that the aggregation of SVI bound to the sperm surface, in the absence of zona glycoproteins, is sufficient to induce the acrosome reaction.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080300314
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential induction of the c-fos promoter through distinct PDGF receptor-mediated signaling pathways (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 150 (1992), S. 386-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The multiple isoforms of PDGF induce fibroblastic mitogenesis through two distinct PDGF receptors, α and β. The molecular mechanisms by which these α and β PDGF receptors regulate gene expression are poorly understood. We present data which indicates that differential induction of c-fos gene expression by PDGF isoforms occurs through distinct PDGF α and β receptor-mediated signaling pathways. Comparison of PDGF-AA with PDGF-BB stimulation showed that PDGF-BB induced prolonged expression of the c-fos gene in BALB/c-3T3 cells, but that PDGF-AA induced more potent activation of the serum response element (SRE) in transient transfection assays. PDGF-AA, which binds α but not β PDGF receptors, could only induce the SRE through a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent pathway, whereas PDGF-BB, which binds both α and β PDGF receptors, could also induce the SRE through a PKC-independent pathway. These results suggest that PDGF α receptors activate the PKC-dependent signaling pathway while PDGF β receptors also activate a PKC-independent pathway. In addition, we found that PDGF-BB could induce another c-fos promoter element within the  -  90 to + 10 region, suggesting that the more potent mitogenic effect and prolonged c-fos gene expression induced by PDGF-BB may result from cooperativity between more than one c-fos promoter elements.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041500223
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thyroid-induced changes in the growth of the Liver, Kidney, and Diaphragm of Neonatal Rats (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 161 (1994), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Eu-, hypo- and hyper-thyroid rats were studied 12 days postpartum. Hypothyroidism was induced by administering propylthiouracil (PTU) via the mother's drinking water beteen late gestation and throughout lactation. This procedure effectively blocked the normal early postnatal surge of T3 and T4. In contrast, hyperthyroidism was induced in the young pups by daily injections of T4 from day 3 postpartum. The effects of these experimental manipulations of thyroid status on the rates of protein turnover and growth of the liver, kidney, and diaphragm were studied and compared with measurements made on appropriate euthyroid control tissues. Tissue rates of protein synthesis were decreased in response to hypothyroidism with consequent growth retardation of all three tissues and the whole animal. In contrast, the three body tissues responded very differently to the induction of hyperthyroidism. Hepatic rates of protein synthesis and growth were completely unaffected by thyroid excess. The response of the diaphragm was essentially the reverse of that seen with hypothyroidism, i.e., the enhanced rates of protein synthesis and protein degradation leading to muscle hypertrophy. The rates of protein turnover in the kidney were also increased, but unlike the diaphragm the net result was renal atrophy. Clearly, thyroid hormones influence the normal rapid growth of the neonate and its individual tissues. However, beyond a certain concentration the threshold of responsiveness to these hormones seems to vary between individual tissues. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041610107
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  • 5
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    The X-ray astronomy satellite ASCA (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA) is a high-throughput X-ray astronomy observatory which is capable of simultaneous imaging and spectroscopic observations over a wide energy range 0.5-10 keV. The scientific capabilities of ASCA and some aspects related to its operation and observations are briefly described.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: PASJ: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (ISSN 0004-6264); 46; 3; p. L37-L41
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Inertial-space disturbance rejection for robotic manipulators (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The disturbance rejection control problem for a 6-DOF (degree of freedom) PUMA manipulator mounted on a 3-DOF platform is investigated. A control algorithm is designed to track the desired position and attitude of the end-effector in inertial space, subject to unknown disturbances in the platform axes. Conditions for the stability of the closed-loop system are derived. The performance of the controller is compared for step, sinusoidal, and random disturbances in the platform rotational axis and in the neighborhood of kinematic singularities.
    Keywords: CYBERNETICS
    Type: NASA-CR-191867 , NAS 1.26:191867 , RPI-CIRSSE-130
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Experiments with a decision-theoretic scheduler (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This paper describes DTS, a decision-theoretic scheduler designed to employ state-of-the-art probabilistic inference technology to speed the search for efficient solutions to constraint-satisfaction problems. Our approach involves assessing the performance of heuristic control strategies that are normally hard-coded into scheduling systems, and using probabilistic inference to aggregate this information in light of features of a given problem. BPS, the Bayesian Problem-Solver, introduced a similar approach to solving single-agent and adversarial graph search problems, yielding orders-of-magnitude improvement over traditional techniques. Initial efforts suggest that similar improvements will be realizable when applied to typical constraint-satisfaction scheduling problems.
    Keywords: CYBERNETICS
    Type: NASA. Ames Research Center, Working Notes from the 1992 AAAI Spring Symposium on Practical Approaches to Scheduling and Planning; p 67-71
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Lecture materials for the CTOS/MCS introductory course (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: On July 18 and 19, 1991 the Center for Intelligent Robotic Systems for Space Exploration presented a course on its robotic testbed support software as it then existed. The course materials are collected as a reflection of the state of those systems at that time.
    Keywords: CYBERNETICS
    Type: NASA-CR-192734 , NAS 1.26:192734 , RPI-CIRSSE-97
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Plasma effects on the passive external thermal control coating of Space Station Freedom (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The current baseline chromic acid anodized thermal control coating on 6061-T6 aluminum meteoroid debris (M/D) shields for SSF has been evaluated. The degradation of the solar absorptance, alpha, and the thermal emittance, epsilon, of chromic acid anodized aluminum due to dielectric breakdown in plasma was measured to predict the on-orbit lifetime of the SSF M/D shields. The lifetime of the thermal control coating was based on the surface temperatures achieved with degradation of the thermal control properties, alpha and epsilon. The temperatures of each M/D shield from first element launch (FEL) through FEL+15 years were analyzed. It is shown that the baseline thermal control coating cannot withstand the -140 V potential between the conductive structure of the SSF and the current plasma environment.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-1685
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    User's view of Space Station (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: It is pointed out that the current Space Station Freedom (SSF) design is the minimum station capable of satisfying the top-level user requirements, effectively incorporating the international partners, and providing the 'hooks' and 'scars' required to cost-effectively evolve the capabilites of the SSF. Research requirements have resulted in very important design drivers on the SS: three labs, three crewmembers per shift, low microgravity in the labs, minimum disturbances, high power for users, high data rates, multiple external attach points, and clean induced environment. Also addressed are the design capabilities that allow the SSF to support the development of technologies and the operations to expand the human presence in the solar system.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: AAS PAPER 88-162 , Annual AAS Conference; Oct 24, 1988 - Oct 26, 1988; Saint Louis, MO; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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