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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (17)
  • Barium  (14)
  • oxide  (14)
  • Crystal Structure  (12)
  • 1990-1994  (51)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthese und Kristallstruktur des Nonaselenids [Sr(15-Krone-5)2]Se9 (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 416-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Nonaselenide ; Synthesis ; Crystal Structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Nonaselenide [Sr(15-crown-5)2]Se9The title compound was prepared by the reaction of excess selenium with strontium diselenide in DMF in the presence of 15-crown-5. [Sr(15-crown-5)2]Se9 forms black crystals, which are soluble in DMF. They were characterized by FIR spectroscopy and by an X-ray structure determination.Space group P21/n, Z = 4, 2 381 observed unique reflections, R = 0.073. Lattice dimensions at 19°C: a = 1 228.7, b = 1 893.4, c = 1 575.7 pm, β = 99.15°. The compound consists of [Sr(15-crown-5)2]2+ ions in which the strontium ion is coordinated by the oxygen atoms of the crown ether molecules in a sandwich-like fashion, and of Se92- ions with a chain structure, which has a topolocical resemblance with the bicyclic ion Se102-.
    Notizen: Die Titelverbindung entsteht durch Einwirkung von überschüssigem Selen auf Strontiumdiselenid in Dimethylformamid (DMF) in Gegenwart von 15-Krone-5. [Sr(15-Krone-5)2]Se9 bildet schwarze, in DMF leicht lösliche Kristalle, die durch das FIR-Spektrum und eine röntgenographische Strukturanalyse charakterisiert werden.Raumgruppe P21/n, Z = 4, 2 381 beobachtete unabhängige Reflexe, R = 0,073. Gitterabmessungen bei 19°C: a = 1 228,7; b = 1 893,4; c = 1 575,7 pm, β = 99,15°. Die Verbindung besteht aus [Sr(15-Krone-5)2]2+-Ionen, in denen das Strontiumion sandwichartig von den O-Atomen der beiden Kronenethermoleküle umgeben ist, und kettenförmigen Se92--Ionen, die topologische Verwandtschaft zu dem bicyclischen Se102--Ion aufweisen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19936190229
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Colloidal carriers for intravenous drug targeting: Plasma protein adsorption patterns on surface-modified latex particles evaluated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 14 (1993), S. 1382-1387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Targeting to specific sites of the body via colloidal carriers is sought in order to reduce drug side effects. The adsorption of plasma proteins on intravenously injected particles is regarded as the key factor in explaining their organ distribution: total bound protein, or, more likely, the presence of specific proteins and their conformation, are expected to influence macrophage uptake. Polystyrene beads, 60 nm in diameter, were used as model carriers; their surface was differentially modified by adsorption of increasingly hydrophilic block copolymers, poloxamers 184, 188 and 407. After incubation in plasma, the patterns of protein adsorption onto coated beads were analyzed by high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE). The behavior of some representative proteins was monitored, including albumin, fibrinogen, IgG, factor B and the apolipoproteins, A-I, A-IV, C-III, E and J. The more hydrophobic the particles, the larger the total amount of bound protein. However, this correlation was not valid for all of the analyzed protein species, which proves that it is insufficient to look only at physico-chemical data to predict organ distribution. On the contrary, it is essential to use 2-D PAGE to establish the correlation between adsorbed proteins and carrier behavior in vivo.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501401214
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Das erste Erdalkalimetall-Argentato-Mercurat(II): BaAg2Hg2O4 (1991)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 122 (1991), S. 915-920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Schlagwort(e): Barium ; Silver ; Mercury ; Oxide ; High-pressure synthesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary BaAg2Hg2O4 was prepared by an oxygen high-pressure technique. Single crystal X-ray investigations led to tetragonal symmetry, space group D 4h 3 − P4/nbm;a=6.793;c=7.086 Å;Z=2. Hg2+ and Ag+ show dumb-bell like coordination by oxygen whereas Ba2+ ions are surrounded by 8 O2− forming distorted cubes. The BaO8-polyhedra distortions are discussed in respect to the incorporation of Hg2+ ions into the BaAg2O 4 2− network.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00823420
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Das erste gemischte Erdalkalimetall-Oxomercurat: Ba0.75Sr0.25HgO2 (1990)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 121 (1990), S. 787-791 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Schlagwort(e): Barium ; Strontium ; Mercury ; Oxygen ; High-pressure synthesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary Ba0.75Sr0.25HgO2 was prepared for the first time by an oxygen high-pressure technique. Single cystal X-ray investigations lead to hexagonal symmetry, space group D 6 6 -P6322;a=6.897;c=11.986 Å;Z=6. Hg2+-ions show a dumbbell-like coordination by two O2−-ions. The alkaline earth ions Ba2+ and Sr2+ are surrounded by deformed trigonal O2−-prisms. Only one of the two Ba2+ point positions of the BaHgO2-type can be substituted by Sr2+. Polyhedra size and deformation are discussed in respect to the exchange of Ba2+ by Sr2+.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00808371
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ein neues Oxoruthenat(IV): Ba4Ru1.1Mn1.9O10 mit statistischer Besetzung derM 4+-Metallpositionen (1990)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 121 (1990), S. 635-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Schlagwort(e): Barium ; Ruthenium ; Manganese ; Oxygen ; Crystal structure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary (I) Ba4Ru1.1Mn1.9O10 was prepared and investigated by single crystal X-ray technique. It crystallizes with orthorhombic symmetry, space group C 2v 12 -Cmc2i,a=5.74;b=13.15;c=12.86 Å;Z=4. (I) showsM 3O12-groups of face connectedMO6-octahedra. The octahedra are occupied in different manner by Ru4+ and Mn4+. It belongs to compounds withM 3O12-octahedra-tripel connected in isolated two-dimensional wave-like planes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00809766
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetic analysis of microbial sulfate reduction by desulfovibrio desulfuricans in an anaerobic upflow porous media biofilm reactor (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): microbial souring ; sulfate reduction ; porous media ; kinetics ; stoichiometry ; transport phenomena ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An anaerobic upflow porous media biofilm reactor was designed to study the kinetics and stoichiometry of hydrogen sulfide production by the sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (ATCC 5575) as the first step for the modeling and control of formation souring (H2S) in oil field porous media. The reactor was a packed bed (50 × 5.5 cm) tubular reactor. Sea sand (140 to 375 μm) was used as the porous media. The initial indication of souring was the appearance of well-separated black spots (precipitates of iron sulfide) in the sand bed. The blackened zones expanded radially and upward through the column. New spots also appeared and expanded into the cone shapes. Lactate (substrate) was depleted and hydrogen sulfide appeared in the effluent.Analysis of the pseudo-steady state column shows that there were concentration gradients for lactate and hydrogen sulfide along the column. The results indicate that most of the lactate was consumed at the front part of the column. Measurements of SRB biomass on the solid phase (sand) and in the liquid phase indicate that the maximum concentration of SRB biomass resided at the front part of the column while the maximum in the liquid phase occurred further downstream. The stoichiometry regarding lactate consumption and hydrogen sulfide production observed in the porous media reactor was different from that in a chemostat. After analyzing the radial dispersion coefficient for the SRB in porous media and kinetics of microbial growth, it was deduced that transport phenomena dominate the souring process in our porous media reactor system. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260430402
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Activation of microcarrier-attached lymphocytes in microgravity (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 991-996 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): lymphocytes ; space biology ; bioprocessing in space ; interferon ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A technology has been developed to achieve optimal attachment of adhesion-independent lymphocytes to microcarrier beads. The activation of T-lymphocytes by concanavalin A was tested under microgravity conditions in an experiment carried out in space during the first Spacelab Life Science Mission. Activation, measured as the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the production of interferon-gamma, more than doubled in attached lymphocytes in microgravity. The depression of the activation discovered in previous space experiments is due to an impairment not of the lymphocyte but of the macrophage function. The system described here may be useful for radiobiological investigations on the effect of high-energy particles and for testing the efficiency of the immune system in humans during the long-duration space flight planned in the future. The biotechnological significance of the increased lymphokine production in space remains to be assessed. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260400815
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Real and pseudo oxygen gradients in Ca-alginate beads monitored during polarographic Po2-measurements using Pt-needle microelectrodes (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 617-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): oxygen profiles ; oxygen microprobe ; Po2-microelectrode ; artifacts ; alginate beads ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Polarographic microcoaxial needle electrodes were used to measure internal profiles of dissolved oxygen tension (Po2) within single Ca-alginate beads of different diameter containing entrapped cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For the investigations, single beads coming from variable growing conditions and distinct cultivation stages were fixed in a special holding device. In dependence on microbial growth steep oxygen gradients were observed. The Oxygen penetration depth at steady state lay between 50 and 100 μm. After 8 h of cultivation time, the anaerobic space within the beads (φ 2 mm; cultivation in a packed bed reactor) is beginning at ∼ 130 μm, whereas the anaerobic space within the beads (φ 2 mm) coming from the shaker flask culture is located ∼440 μm below the bead surface. Surprisingly, steep gradients were also observed, when recording profiles from cell-free Ca-alginate beads of different diameter and alginate concentrations. The steep oxygen gradients apparently had to be interpreted as pseudo-Po2-gradients. These results were borne by several effects, such as formation of artifacts and diffusion barriers in front of the electrode tip or oxygen “availability” at the tip and consumption of oxygen by the electrode itself. These phenomena could be documented by microscopic observation and photography. Thus, to obtain real Po2-profiles it is important to be exactly informed about the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the material to be investigated. Furthermore, it is necessary to apply a special stepwise puncture technique with distinct step-in/step-out movements of the electrode: e.g., unidirectional or contradirectional puncture techniques. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440508
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Invertase-catalyzed reactions in alcoholic solutions (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 1006-1010 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The formation of alkyl β-D-fructofuranosides by invertase from sucrose in aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol, or n-propanol is studied for the dependence on alcohol and invertase concentrations as well as on reaction time. The yield of alkyl β-D-fructosides is shown to be controlled by three competitive reactions: the alcoholysis of sucrose, the hydrolysis of sucrose, and the hydrolysis of alkyl β-D-fructosides. Both the conversion rate of sucrose and the fraction of alkyl β-D-fructosides in the product mixture are dependent on the chain length of the alcohols. They decrease in the sequence methanol 〉 ethanol 〉 n-propanol. Alkyl β-D-fructosides are also formed by invertase starting from alcoholic solutions of fructose.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260351008
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetic investigation of microbial souring in porous media using microbial consortia from oil reservoirs (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 263-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): microbial souring ; sulfate reduction ; porous media ; kinetics ; biotransformation ; oil reservoir ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Microbial souring (H2S production) in porous media was investigated in an anaerobic upflow porous media reactor at 60°C using microbial consortia obtained from oil reservoirs. Multiple carbon sources (formate, acetate, propionate, iso- and n-butyrates) found in reservoir waters as well as sulfate as the electron acceptor was used. Kinetics and rates of souring in the reactor system were analyzed. Higher volumetric substrate consumption rates (organic acids and sulfate) and a higher volumetric H2S production rate were found at the from part of the reactor column after H2S production had stabilized. Concentration gradients for the substrates (organic acids and sulfate) and H2S were generated along the column. Biomass accumulation throughout the entire column was observed. The average specific sulfate reduction rate (H2S production rate) in the present reactor after H2S production had stabilized was calculated to be 11062 ±2.22 mg sulfate-S/day g biomass. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440302
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