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  • Chemistry  (39)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (3)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • 1990-1994  (39)
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Keywords
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Röntgenographische Spannungsermittlung an einem PBTP-Glaskugel-Verbundwerkstoff (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 22 (1991), S. 427-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: It is the aim of the investigations on a PBTP-glass-spherecomposite to get experimental well-founded informations about the state of stress in the polymer matrix of the composite. The used method was the x-ray-lattice strain-stress measurement.The result of the measurements is the proof of a 3-axial state of tension stress in the polymer matrix in the unloaded state as well as under an uniaxial tension load. The reason are differences in the elastic properties of the two components in this heterogenous built up composite.
    Notes: Die Untersuchungen an einem PBTP-Glaskugel-Verbundwerkstoff haben das Ziel, experimentell begründete Aussagen über den Spannungszustand in der Polymermatrix des Verbundwerkstoffes zu gewinnen. Als Meßverfahren wurde die röntgenographische Spannungsmessung verwendet.Im Ergebnis der Messungen konnte in der Polymermatrix des Verbundwerkstoffes sowohl im unbelasteten Zustand als auch bei einachsiger äußerer Zugbeanspruchung ein mehrachsiger Zugspannungszustand nachgewiesen werden. Er ist durch die Unterschiede in den elastischen Eigenschaften der beiden Komponenten des heterogenen aufgebauten Verbundwerkstoffes bedingt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19910221110
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas chromatographic enantiomer separation of some atropisomeric 6,6′-dimethyl-1,1′-biphenyl derivatives on permethylated β-cyclodextrin (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 14 (1991), S. 57-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Enantiomer separation ; Atropisomeric biphenyls ; Permethylated β-cyclodextrin ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240140114
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (S) -TroloxTM methyl ether, a powerful derivatizing reagent for the determination of the enantiomeric purity of chiral alcohols by GC and SFC with achiral columns (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Microcolumn Separations 4 (1992), S. 45-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-7685
    Keywords: capillary gas chromatography ; capillary supercritical fluid chromatography ; enantiomeric alcohols ; diastereomeric esters ; Trolox methyl ether ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomers of aliphatic alcohols are transformed by a new chiral reagent (S)-Trolox methyl ether to their diastereomeric esters which are separated by capillary GC or SFC on achiral columns. The applicability of this reagent and its superiority to the hitherto known reagents are demonstrated by selected examples.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcs.1220040109
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer nanocomposites with “ultralow” refractive index (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 4 (1993), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Gelatine ; Gold ; Refractive index ; Nanocomposite ; Spin coating ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Nanocomposites of gelatine and gold were prepared by reduction of AuCl4H in a gelatine solution, followed by a spin coating process and a brief washing. The thickness of the films thus obtained was typically 200-400 nm. The surface of the nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface profilometry. The size of the gold particles is in the range of ca. 2-10 nm, as elucidated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Refractive indices were measured by ellipsometry at wavelengths of 632.8 and 1300 nm. The refractive index depends linearly on the volume fraction of gold, at least at 1300 nm. The lowest refractive indices measured are 1.008±0.060 at 1300 nm and 0.963±0.062 at 632.8 nm (limits are 95% confidence interval). These values are, to our best knowledge, the lowest reported for a polymer or polymer composite.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1993.220040101
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The application of electrospray and neutral-loss mass spectrometry to the identification of the metabolites of S12813 in rat liver slices (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 8 (1994), S. 361-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The metabolism of S12813, (3-{2-[4-phenyl piperazin-1-yl] ethyl}-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro oxazolo [4, 5-b] pyridine chlorohydrate), in rat liver slice incubates was examined by high performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. Electrospray ionization was used together with tandem mass spectrometric techniques of analysis (MS/MS). Polar phase I and phase II metabolites were identified as C-oxidation products, which were then conjugated to form either sulphate or glucuronide metabolites. On the basis of the identifications made, a metabolic pathway of S12813 in rat liver slices has been proposed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290080504
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light scattering of acetylated lignin (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 407-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Organosolv lignin was fractionated on a Sephadex G 75 column with 0.1M aqueous NaOH resulting in 14 fractions. These fractions were acetylated and a high-molecular-weight fraction (F3) was investigated by means of combined static and dynamic light scattering (LS) in solvents acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and trifluoroethanol (TFE). The measurements were found to be reproducible, and recycling of lignin by freeze drying caused slight but unessential changes in solution properties. Depending on the solvent used, weight average molecular weights Mw between two and ten million were found. By contrast, Mn of the fractions, measured by vapor pressure osmometry (VPO), was in the range of a few thousands only. Analysis of the angular dependence in static LS by means of a Casassa-Holtzer plot and the fractal dimensions showed the presence of chain stiffness, most distinct in TFE. Also, the dynamic light scattering results in TFE are typical for semiflexible chains, while in THF, and to some extent in acetone, the dynamic measurements including viscosity suggest the presence of spherical structures. These findings are being explained by large lignin clusters that consist of stiff subunits.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070450305
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and aggregation behavior of tamarind seed polysaccharide in aqueous solution (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 3157-3166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Light-scattering data from tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) very often result in different molar masses and dimensions. This effect is due to a strong tendency to self-association of the polysaccharide. The relation between particle masses and radii of gyration indicates worm-like chain behaviour of TSP at fairly low particle masses. The solution properties of TSP in this regime may conveniently be described by the model of bundle-shaped lateral aggregates of single polymer chains, whereas the aggregates seem to attain more spherical shape at higher degree of aggregation. It is shown that the relation of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic behaviour of TSP is different from that of Gaussian coils and is rather that of polymers which are known to be of high chain stiffness.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021941119
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrophobic water-soluble polymers, 1. Dilute solution properties of poly(1-vinyl-2-piperidone) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 169-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(vinyllactams) form a class of non-ionic water-soluble polymers from which only poly-(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) is well known and has been investigated extensively. The homologues poly(1-vinyl-2-piperidone) (1, poly[1-(2-oxo-1-piperidyl)ethylene]) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (2, poly[1-(2-oxoperhydroazepin-1-yl)ethylene]) which are still soluble in water at room temperature have not yet been studied in aqueous solution. In this work the synthesis of these two polymers by radical polymerization in solution and the investigation of the dilute aqueous solution properties of these polymers by static and dynamic light scattering measurements are presented. Special attention is paid to the influence of the increasing hydrophobicity of these polymers on coil dimensions and structures in aqueous solution.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1990.021910114
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dimensions of poly(methyl methacrylate) molecules in poor solvents (1991)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 2333-2344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Dilute solutions of narrow distribution poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) samples in the poor solvents, 2-ethoxyethanol and acetonitrile, are studied by dynamic and static light scattering and viscometry. Theta temperatures at 37,8°C and 32,3°C, respectively, are found, where the constants KΘ of the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada relation are 5,6 · 10-2 cm3/g and 4,0 · 10-2 cm3/g. This implies that the unperturbed dimensions of PMMA molecules in 2-ethoxyethanol are greater by 12% than in acetonitrile. The hydrodynamic radii in the two solvents and the radii of gyration in acetonitrile are found to decrease smoothly with decreasing temperature passing the theta temperatures. Data treatment according to the thermal blob model shows that the macromolecular coils, still close to Gaussian statistics, move toward the excluded volume regime above the theta temperature Θ and toward the collapse regime below Θ.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1991.021921012
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy on highly branched polystyrene starshaped polymers (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 1371-1376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The technique of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with electron spectroscopic imaging and digitized image processing was used for determination of particle size and size distribution of a starshaped polystyrene sample. The results were compared with measurements of the translational diffusion coefficient Dz from dynamic light-scattering method. The particle diameter dEM achieved by TEM-measurements is in good agreement with the effective hydrodynamic radius Rh from the Stokes-Einstein relationship.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940511
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