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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination and measurement of insecticide dust particles in atmospheres adjacent to orchards (1968)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 3 (1968), S. 368-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01558355
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of forest fire and drought on acidity of a base-poor boreal forest stream: similarities between climatic warming and acidic precipitation (1992)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 17 (1992), S. 191-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: fire ; climate change ; boreal forest ; stream ; sulfate ; acidity ; watershed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a boreal forest catchment in the Experimental Lakes Area in northwestern Ontario, wildfire caused an increase in the concentrations of strong acid anions and base cations of the stream. In the naturally base-poor Northwest (NW) Subbasin, a 1980 wildfire caused exports of strong acid anions to increase more than export of base cations, causing a 2.5 fold increase in the acidity of the stream. Mean annual stream pH declined from 5.15 prior to fire to 4.76 two years after fire. Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC), calculated as the difference between total base cations and strong acid anions, decreased to 20% of pre-fire values. Sulfate and chloride were the strong acid anions responsible for the decline in ANC, increasing four-fold. While nitrate increased eleven-fold, concentrations were too low to significantly affect ANC. There was a significant correlation between weekly sulfate concentration and base cation concentration (r 2 = 0.83) in the two years after fire. Recovery of ANC was caused by the more rapid decline in concentration of sulfate than by changes in base cations. Drought produced a similar but weaker response than fire, with increased sulfate concentrations and decreased stream pH. Climatic warming that increases drought and fire frequency would have effects that mimic the impacts of acidic precipitation (i.e. higher sulfate concentrations and acidic stream waters). Areas which have higher concentrations of stored S from past acid precipitation or have large areas of peatlands in the watershed may have aggravated losses of S and H+ after drought and fire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004041
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorophylla and adenosine triphosphate levels in Antarctic and temperate lake sediments (1983)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 9 (1983), S. 123-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from surficial sediment layers in two antarctic lakes and two temperate lakes showed a high degree of similarity in spite of differences between trophic state, mictic state, or geographic location. Adenosine triphosphate was found at all levels sampled in temperate lake sediment cores but occasionally was present only in surficial layers of antarctic cores. Surficial sediment layers from antarctic lakes contained high chlorophylla (Chla) levels due to the extensive benthic algal mats which occur there. In some antarctic cores, Chla was detectable in deep, old mat layers, whereas Chla was not found in any of the temperate lake cores. Antarctic lake sediments appear to be unique environments where Chla molecules can remain intact for long periods of time due to low light, temperature, and microbial activity. As such, these lakes are important natural laboratories where a long history of microbial interactions can be studied without metazoan perturbation effects. Although there was much variability in concentration of Chla and ATP between samples, there appears to be no relationship between Chla or ATP levels to mictic or trophic states of the lakes. These data suggest that sediment microbial communities may be independent of environmental and biological properties of the overlying water masses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02015126
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Al−Si substitution in α-phase AIMnSi (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 24 (1989), S. 2177-2182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The α-phase of the Al−Mn−Si ternary system has been precipitated from four liquid solutions (2.8 wt% Mn−3.7 wt% Si, 4.5 wt% Mn−7 wt% Si, 7.7 wt% Mn−10 wt% Si and 8.7 wt% Mn−12.6 wt% Si) and equilibrated slightly over the melting point of the (secondary) solid solution. Quenching into water enabled the precipitates to be separated from the solid solution and the co-nodal tie-lines for the α-phase and liquid to be determined. The silicon content varied from 9.8 to 11.8 wt%, while the manganese content, 29.6±0.6 wt%, did not vary significantly. The lattice parameter of the cubic unit cell decreased from 1.267 6(2) nm to 1.265 10(4) nm with increasing silicon. Neutron powder diffraction showed silicon to constitute approximately 50% of atoms on the icosahedral aluminium sublattices and 70% of a six-fold aluminium site in the interstices between the almost spherical, 54-atom clusters. This decrease in unit cell volume is interpreted as evidence for substitution of the silicon atoms on the six-fold sublattice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02385438
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structures of fully eutectic aluminium-silicon alloy castings (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 25 (1990), S. 2100-2106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Strontium-modified aluminium alloys containing 14 to 15 wt% silicon were cast with fully eutectic structures by using heated moulds and high-purity materials. In alloys containing the additional elements magnesium, copper or nickel, a distinct eutectic colony structure was evident outlined by intermetallic compounds. At the edges of the castings the eutectic colony structures and the aluminium grains (revealed by anodizing) were of a similar scale. Further from the mould walls the eutectic colonies contained several aluminium grains. This is believed to result from the blocking of growth of the aluminium phase by the silicon phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045772
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of small additions of scandium on the properties of aluminium alloys (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 452-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Additions of up to 1 wt% scandium have been made to Al, Al-Mg, Al-Mg-Ag and Al-Zn-Mg alloys and the effects on age-hardening and mechanical properties studied. Scandium levels up to 1% could be retained in solution at solidification rates of about 300 K s−1. The precipitation of Al3Sc at ageing temperatures in the range 563–593 K (290–320 °C) gave significant additional hardening. The low solubility of Sc in the solid state makes it difficult to obtain optimum hardening from Sc and other precipitating elements because of difficulties in solution treatment. The effect of deformation prior to ageing and the temperature-dependent mechanical properties are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354411
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of irradiated pollen for differential gene transfer in wheat (Triticum aestivum) (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 103-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Pollen irradiation ; Wheat ; Differential gene transfer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The use of irradiated pollen to bring about limited gene transfer in wheat has been investigated. Doses of X-rays of 2Kr, 3Kr and 5Kr were used to generate M1 progeny between maternal and paternal genotypes differing in quantitative and major gene characters. Cytological studies of M1 plants revealed hybrids with widespread aneuploidy and structural rearrangements in the paternal genome. These effects resulted in phenotypic variation between M1 progeny and complex multivalent formation at meiosis. All M1 plants at the 5Kr and 3Kr doses were sterile and all but 2 plants at the 2Kr dose. Studies of the two M2 families from these plants revealed disturbances in genotype frequencies for some of the marker loci with an excess of maternal homozygotes and a deficit of paternal homozygotes. This was also reflected in a more maternal appearance for quantitative characters. These results are interpreted as showing that irradiation damage to the paternal genome in M1 plants results in the differential transmission of maternal alleles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264875
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetical analysis of chromosome 5A of wheat and its influence on important agronomic characters (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1985), S. 518-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Vernalisation genes ; Agronomic characters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Chromosome 5A of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum carries the major gene, Vrnl, which is one of the main determinants of the winter/spring growth habit polymorphism in this species. Genetical analysis of this chromosome has been carried out using single-chromosome recombinant lines to establish the pleiotropic effects of this locus and two other major genes, q determining ear morphology and bl determining the presence of awns, on important agronomic characters. The three major genes were located on the long arm of chromosome 5A with a gene order of: centromere -bl-q-Vrnl. Analysis of quantitative characters from a winter sowing revealed pleiotropic effects of Vrnl or the effects of closely linked loci on the characters plant height, tiller number and spikelet number. However effects on ear emergence time were not associated with Vrnl but with q as were effects on spikelet number and ear length. In addition a locus determining yield/plant was located between Vrnl and q. Independant loci determining height and ear length were apparent on the short arm of chromosome 5A. From a spring sowing, however, there was a large pleiotropic effect of Vrnl on ear emergence time, as well as the effects previously detected. In addition, associated with q were effects on plant height and grain size which were not expressed from the winter sowing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251199
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The location of major genes and associated quantitative trait loci on chromosome arm 5BL of wheat (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1992), S. 197-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Chromosome 5BL ; Major genes ; Quantitative trait loci
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Chromosome 5B of bread wheat is known to carry two major genes giving rise to genetic disorders, Ne1 for hybrid necrosis and Vg for winter variegation. Additionally, in many european winter wheat varieties this chromosome is represented in a translocated form, with 5BL-7BL, 5BL-7BS chromosomes rather than the normal 5B and 7B forms of the standard variety Chinese Spring. Genetic analysis has been carried out to map these genes and the translocation break point, and to investigate their pleiotropic effects or those of linked quantitative trait loci (qtl) for economically important characters. This was facilitated by the development of single chromosome recombinant lines between a normal and translocated karyotype, and growing these in field experiments over two seasons. There was differential segregation in favour of the translocated karyotype in the population of recombinant lines. Linkage analysis revealed that the two morphological markers and the isozyme locus Ibf-B1 were located on the long arm of 5B with a gene order of: breakpoint — Ne1 — Vg — Ibf-B1. Analysis of quantitative characters using these genes as landmarks showed pleiotropic effects of Ne1 or effects of tightly linked qtl on most of the quantitative characters related to grain yield. An additional qtl determining spikelet and grain number/ear appeared to be linked to the centromere. Effects on ear emergence time were associated with both Ne1 and Vg, and these interacted with environments. Similarly, effects on plant height were associated with Ne1 and Vg. In addition, there was a further unlocated locus (loci) for height acting independently of the markers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222860
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tests for the presence of gametoclonal variation in barley and wheat doubled haploids produced using the Hordeum bulbosum system (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 509-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gametoclonal variation ; Barley doubled haploids ; Wheat doubled haploids ; Hordeum bulbosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary To investigate whether the Hordeum bulbosum system of doubled haploid production generates gametoclonal variation, populations of second generation doubled haploid lines were developed from first generation doubled haploid lines of two barley varieties and three wheat genotypes. In barley, no variation between doubled haploids from doubled haploids was detected for a range of quantitative characters, suggesting the absence of any gametoclonal effects. However, the original selfed-seed stocks were shown to contain cryptic allelic variation for some of the characters investigated. In wheat, gametoclonal variation was detected for ear emergence time, plant height and yield, and its components for two out of the three genotypes investigated. The type and range of variation was similar to that reported from studies of somaclonal variation from immature embryos and gametoclonal variation from anther culture. Generally, the effects appeared to reduce the yield performance of individual lines. The difference in response between the two species and the consequences for the use of the doubled haploid system in breeding programmes are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276758
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