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  • Springer  (124)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (7)
  • BioMed Central
  • 1990-1994  (131)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HLA class II alleles and susceptibility and resistance to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in Mexican-American families (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 3 (1993), S. 358-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The role of HLA class II alleles in genetic predisposition to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined by PCR/oligonucleotide probe typing of 42 Mexican-American IDDM families derived from Hispanic Caucasians and Native Americans. All high risk haplotypes (HLA-DR3 and DR4) were of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0493-358
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of best design practices: An analysis of US navy contractors (1994)
    Springer
    Research in engineering design 6 (1994), S. 14-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-6066
    Keywords: Best practice ; Case study ; Product development process ; Strategy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Rapid and successful introduction of new products is a potentially significant source of competitive advantage for manufacturing firms. Organizations need to identify and manage those critical elements of the product development process (PDP) that have a positive influence on new product success. This research identifies the distinctive product development and design practices, policies and tools currently followed by companies (Navy contractors) that participated in an empirical research study known as the Best Manufacturing Practices Program. A summary of practices reported in the case studies is compiled using content analysis techniques, and the most interesting practices by individual companies are highlighted. We find numerous examples of sophisticated CAD techniques being used to enhance the development process, including expert system design advisers, computer simulation, and design databases. Companies are emphasizing the design policies of concurrent engineering and teamwork, and documenting design process knowledge into design manuals. Company effort still appear focused primarily on the phase of detailed design rather than the concept selection phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01588088
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How well can relative specialistRhagoletis flies learn to discriminate fruit for oviposition? (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 6 (1993), S. 167-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: learning ; oviposition ; specialist insects ; generalist insects ; Rhagoletis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We show that blueberry maggot females [Rhagoletis mendax(Curran)], apple maggot females [Rhagoletis pomonella(Walsh)], and walnut husk fly females [Rhagoletis suavis(Loew)], all relative specialists in range of fruit species attacked in nature, are able to learn to discriminate between types of fruit in which they oviposit. It appears, however, that these relative specialists express less capacity to learn fruit characters than relative generalist tephritids. This difference in expression of learning ability may be associated in part with differences in assignments species are asked to learn. Apparent differences in learning capability between relative specialist and relative generalist tephritids may therefore depend as much upon differences in the physical and chemical nature of host fruit as upon species differences in the adaptive value of learning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051502
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reconstructing a Generalized Quadrangle from its Distance Two Association Scheme (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of algebraic combinatorics 2 (1993), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9192
    Keywords: association scheme ; generalized quadrangle ; quasiregular point
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Payne [4] constructed an association scheme from a generalized quadrangle with a quasiregular point. We show that an association scheme with appropriate parameters and satisfying an assumption about maximal cliques must be one of these schemes arising from a generalized quadrangle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022451615562
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some remarks on an ODE-solver of Kirchgraber (1992)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 61 (1992), S. 261-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: 65L05
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Kirchgraber derived in 1988 an integration procedure (called the LIPS-code) for long-term prediction of the solutions of equations which are perturbations of systems having only periodic solutions. His basic idea is to use the Poincaré map to define a new system which can be integrated with large step-size; the method is specially successful when the period is close to the unperturbed one. Obviously the size of the perturbation modifies the period and therefore affects the precision of the algorithm. In this paper we propose a double modification of Kirchgraber's code: to use a first-order approximation of the perturbed period instead of the unperturbed one, and a scheme specially designed for integration of orbits instead of the Runge-Kutta method. We show that this new code permits a spectacular improvement in accuracy and computation time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01385507
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal dynamics of the association between sweet potato and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (1993)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 3 (1993), S. 115-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Mycorrhiza ; Sweet potato ; Root hairs ; P and Zn uptake ; Root distribution ; Seasonal variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To better understand the behavior of selected vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) isolates in the field, we documented the growth of roots, root hairs, and VAM colonization of inoculated and noninoculated sweet potato plants (Ipomea batatas (L.) Lam. cv White Star) over a growing season. We also determined the seasonal dynamics of P and Zn uptake, and shoot and storage-root growth. Shoot cuttings were inoculated with an isolate of either Glomus etunicatum Becker and Gerdemann or Acaulospora rugosa Mortan, or were not inoculated, and were harvested 2, 4, 8, 13, 20, and 27 weeks after planting (WAP). At each harvest, roots were sampled at 0 to 30, 30 to 60, and 60 to 90 cm depths and at 0, 23, 83, and 116 cm from the base of the shoot. At the end of the study, the roots of three non-inoculated plants were sampled by soil horizon. Inoculation had no affect on shoot growth or total shoot uptake of P and Zn; shoot dry mass and P and Z content increased rapidly up to 20 WAP, while shoot length continued to increase through 27 WAP. Shoot-P concentration of plants inoculated with A. rugosa at 2 and 8 WAP were higher than the noninoculated plants, while shoot-Zn concentration was not affected by inoculation. Storage-root yields of inoculated plants were higher than yields for noninoculated plants. Root length density, and percentage of root length with root hairs and VAM colonization were highest and most dynamic near the base of the plant. Percentage of root length colonization by VAM fungi was highest in the E2 horizon, intermediate in the Bh horizon, and lowest in the Ap horizon. Percentage of root length with root hairs had the opposite pattern. Intensive measurements of root characteristics close to the base of the plant, and shoot P-content and concentration during the period of rapid yield production, provided the most useful data for evaluating the activity of effective isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208919
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ELISA regulatory application: Compliance monitoring of simazine and atrazine in California soils (1993)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 51 (1993), S. 333-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201749
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth response of field-grown Siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum Urb.) and Aeschynomene american L. to inoculation with selected vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 54-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Glomus etunicatum ; Glomus intraradices ; Phosphorus fertilization ; Yield ; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae ; Forage legumes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of inoculation with a selected isolate of Glomus etunicatum Becker and Gerdemann and one of G. intraradices Schenck and Smith on the growth and nutrient content of Macroptilium atropurpureum Urb. cv. ‘Siratro’ and Aeschynomene americana L., at applied P levels of 10, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1, was studied under field conditions. At all P levels and for all harvests, the shoot dry mass of Siratro and A. americana were greater for the plants inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi than the control plants. Differences between the VAM fungus-inoculated and the control plants were most marked between 30 and 90 kg ha-1 of applied P and diminished at 120 kg ha-1. At the first harvest of Siratro, the plants inoculated with G. etunicatum had a greater shoot dry mass than those inoculated with G. intraradices, for all levels of applied P. However, for subsequent harvest of Siratro and for the one harvest of A. americana the response of shoot dry mass to the two VAM fungi was equivocal. Fungal inoculation gave at least a 30% saving in the amount of P fertilizer required (40 kg ha-1) for the maximum yield. The plants inoculated with VAM fungi had a greater tissue concentration and total content of P and N than the control plants at low and intermediate levels of applied P. The percentage of root colonized by VAM fungi for the inoculated plants of the two legumes increased linearly with P additions up to 60 kg ha-1. The conclusion is that under amended (limed and fertilized) soil conditions, inoculation with selected VAM fungi can improve the establishement and growth of forage legumes in fields that contain ineffective populations of native VAM fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335862
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisuppressor mutations reduce misreading of the genetic code in Aspergillus nidulans (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 19 (1991), S. 461-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Aspergillus nidulans ; Ribosomal antisuppressors ; Mistranslation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Antisuppressor mutations were isolated in a strain containing the omnipotent suppressor suaC109. The antisuppressors reduce the activity of translational suppressors in vivo and counteract most aspects of the pleiotropic phenotype associated with the suaC and the suaA suppressor mutations. Using an homologous system for cell-free translation, we have measured translational accuracy in two antisuppressor strains with the genotype suaC109 and either the asuB11 or the asuD14 antisuppressor mutation. Ribosomes from antisuppressor mutants have higher levels of translational accuracy than those from the suppressor strain (suaC109, asu +). Mistranslation levels depended solely on the source of the sucrose-cleaned ribosomes. However, the increased accuracy associated with sucrose-cleaned ribosomes from antisuppressor strains can be nullified by salt-washing, suggesting that the component responsible can be washed off.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312737
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    P-related sequences inDrosophila bifasciata: A molecular clue to the understanding of P-element evolution in the genusDrosophila (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 31 (1990), S. 478-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: P-element evolution ; Drosophila bifasciata ; Recent invasion hypothesis ; Horizontal gene transfer ; Sequence divergence ; Substitution rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two P-elements (bif1 and bif2) were isolated from a genomic library ofDrosophila bifasciata. Both elements are internally deleted and have lost the coding capacity for a functional transposase. One of the elements (bif2) contains an insert consisting of a repetitive sequence. The terminal inverted repeats and the segments necessary for passive mobility are well conserved. Element bif2 has retained rudiments of the coding sequence of exon 0 and exon 3, but the reading frame is destroyed by insertions and deletions. The comparison of theD. bifasciata P-elements with P-elements ofDrosophila melanogaster andDrosophila nebulosa reveals that the two latter sequences are more similar to each other than either of them is to theD. bifasciata elements. This finding contradicts the phylogenetic relationship of the species and can be taken as an indirect but unequivocal evidence for recent horizontal gene transfer from a relative ofD. nebulosa to the gene pool ofD. melanogaster. The P-elements ofD. bifasciata are phylogenetically ancient and have evolved independently for about 50 million years. A higher substitution rate at the third codon position as well as a predominance of conservative replacements at the amino acid level indicates that the P-elements ofD. bifasciata have been under selective constraint over a long period and that immobilization has occurred only recently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02102074
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