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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 223 (1994), S. 165-175 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The present paper deals with the synthesis and modification of functionalized polymers characterized by a special molecular architecture. The reactivity of a functionalized polymer with comb-like structure can be controlled in a significant manner by the crystalline order of the side chains. In contrast, photocrosslinking of comblike polymers containing cinnamic components in the side chains influences the crystallization process. The air drying process of a modified polybutadiene system with comb-like structure was shown to depend sensitively on the side chain order. Enzymatic synthesis of new monomers and polymers is briefly reviewed. The complexing capability of cyclodextrines were used to synthesize polyrotaxanes. Finally, the synthesis of a chiral polymerizable dendrimer containing eight estergroups in the monomer unit is presented.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide fixation ; Metal complexes ; Diazadiene ligands ; Carboxylation ; Enzyme models ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Activation of CO2 at Transition-Metal Centres: Simulation of Enzymatic CO2 Fixation and Transfer Reactions by Electron-Rich (Diazadiene)magnesium and -manganese ComplexesElectron-rich diazadiene complexes of Mg and Mn can be used as model compounds for enzymatic carboxylation reactions e.g. the „dark reaction“ of the photosynthesis or in biotinedependent CO2 conversion reactions. The activity of the complexes to fix and transfer carbon dioxide strongly depends on the nature of the metal (Mg and Mn are active central atoms, other transition metals are inactive), the π aciditiy of the chelate ligand, and the structure of the complexes. The dimeric manganese complex IIa, the structure of which could be determined by X-ray structure analysis, is one of the most active compounds. NMR studies reveal that the CO2 transfer to substrates with active C - H bonds takes place in the coordination sphere of the metal atom. Carrier of activated CO2 is the N - COO group.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 1372-1378 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polymer coatings are widely used to protect glass from indentation damage. A model for the strength degradation that occurs when a sharp indenter penetrates through the coating is developed by accounting for the indentation load shared by the coating and substrate. This model accounts for the additional load supported by the coating due to the pile-up of coating material underneath the indenter. The model predicts the strength degradation as a function of indentation load, coating and substrate hardnesses, and coating thickness. Comparison of the model to experimental data for a wide range of polymer coatings (two epoxies, epoxy acrylate, and urethane acrylate) on soda-lime glass substrates shows good agreement.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 191 (1990), S. 1843-1852 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Model reactions of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI (1)) with ethanol were examined using 13C NMR technique to locate the chemical shift of different urethane and isocyanate groups in the products. The reactivity of the secondary and primary isocyanate group of the IPDI isomers is catalyst-dependent. In the presence of Lewis acids (e.g., dibutyltin dilaurate) the secondary NCO group is more reactive, while in the presence of Lewis bases (e.g., triethylamine) it is the primary one. This effect allowed the chemical shift assignment of urethane- and isocyanate carbonyl C atoms in adducts formed by reaction of IPDI with ethanol in mole ratio NCO:OH = 2:1. In ethyl carbamates from the main isomer the chemical shift δ = 155,93 ppm is assigned to the carbonyl C atom of the urethane group at the secondary C atom, the signal at δ = 157,07 ppm to the primary urethane group. Furthermore, it was possible to assign the signal at δ = 122,12 ppm to the primary NCO group and the signal at δ = 122,98 ppm to the secondary NCO group of isophorone diisocyanate.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The synthesis of highly amino-sensitive activated carbonates based on tert-butoxycarbonyl(BOC)-modified monomers was performed by reaction of phthalimido chloroformate and phenyl chloroformate with the free OH groups of N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)methacrylamide (1), N-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)methacrylamide (2) and N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-6-methacrylamidohexanamide (6), respectively. The monomeric carbonates were radically homo- and copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA). The kinetics of aminolysis of these polymers with hexanamide was followed by UV and NMR spectroscopy. Differences between phthalimide- and phenyl-containing systems, neighbouring group effects, influence of different comonomers and spacer groups on the reactivity of the activated carbonates are discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The synthesis and free-radical polymerization of four methacrylic macromonomers, methyl 6-(6-methacryloylaminohexanoylamino)hexanoate (5), methyl 11-(11-methacryloylaminoundecanoylamino)undecanoate (6), and the corresponding acids 7 and 8, are described. The polymers were characterized by DSC and TG analysis. Viscosity measurements show that the polymers tend to associate because of hydrogen bonding. Additionally, incompatibility of the polymers with polyamide-6 was found by DSC measurements.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 2669-2675 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: 4,4′-(Octamethylenedioxy)di-trans-cinnamic and 4,4′-(sebacoyldioxy)di-trans-cinnamic acid were synthesized and converted into mixed anhydrides by the reaction with acetic anhydride. Subsequent melt polycondensation produced soluble polyanhydrides having weight-average molecular weights (Mw) of ca. 11000. The DSC measurements of the polymers exhibited endotherms indicating normal melting processes. On UV-irradiation of solid films of the polyanhydrides, photocrosslinking of the cinnamoyl moieties in the main chain took place.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 1169-1181 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The synthesis and free-radical polymerization of 4-(6-methacryloylaminohexanoylamino)azobenzene (4), 4-(11-methacryloylaminoundecanoylamino)azobenzene (5), and 4-[11-(11-methacryloylaminoundecanoylamino)undecanolyamino]azobenzene (6), are described. The monomers; the corresponding homopolymers 8-10, poly(4-methacryloylaminoazobenzene) (7), and copolymers of 5 with stearyl acrylate, 11, and methyl methacrylate, 12, were characterized by DSC and TG analysis. Homopolymers with relatively long amino acid spacer groups were crystalline, the copolymer 12 was not crystalline. The UV-induced E/Z photoisomerization and the thermal back-isomerization were investigated for some of the monomers and polymers in solution and in solid films and correlated with the structures of the compounds. After photoisomerization the crystallinity of homopolymer 9 vanished because of disordering of the azobenzene side chains.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: New azo-initiators with two and four furanyl groups were prepared: N,N′,N″,N″′-Tetrafurfuryl 2,2′-azo-2,2′-dimethyldiglutaramide (2), tetrakis[2-(2-furoyloxy)ethyl] 2,2′-azo-2,2′-dimethyldiglutarate (4), bis[2-(2-furoyloxy)ethyl] 2,2′-azodiisobutyrate (6), and N,N′-difurfuryl-2,2′-azodiisobutyramide (9). The decay constants and the activation energies of the decomposition of the azo compounds were measured by thermogravimetric analysis. Radical polymerisations of styrene and some (meth)acrylates were performed under “dead-end” conditions. The telechelic oligomers were characterized by GPC and NMR spectroscopy, proving a furanyl functionality of nearly two or four. The kinetics of Diels-Alder reactions between the telechelics and the dienophils maleic anhydride and dimethyl maleate were measured under pseudo-first order conditions. Addition of the telechelics to an unsaturated polyester prepared from maleic anhydride and diols led to a solid material with network structure.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 767-776 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: N-Cinnamoyl-5-aminoisophthalic acid was synthesized by acylation of 5-aminoisophthalic acid with cinnamoyl chloride in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solution. The direct polycondensation of the new diacid with various aromatic diamines results in a new type of photoreactive aromatic polyamides with inherent viscosities of 0,4-1,7 dL/g. The preparation of homogeneous and asymmetric photocrosslinkable membranes from N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution was performed. The mechanical stability of a film was improved by UV irradiation while the permselectivities of ethanol/water and (tert-butyl methyl ether)/methanol mixtures were not influenced by the photochemical crosslinking.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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