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  • ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)  (8)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (7)
  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1965-1969  (3)
  • 1960-1964  (1)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1
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    An overview of the Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (SAMPEX) mission (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The scientific objective of the NASA Small-class Explorer Mission SAMPEX is summarized. A brief history of the Small Explorer program is provided along with a description of the SAMPEX project development and structure. The spacecraft and scientific instrument configuration is presented. The orbit of SAMPEX has an altitude of 520 by 670 km and an 82 deg inclination. Maximum possible power is provided by articulated solar arrays that point continuously toward the sun. Highly sensitive science instruments point generally toward the local zenith, especially over the terrestrial poles, in order to measure optimally the galactic and solar cosmic ray flux. Energetic magnetospheric particle precipitation is monitored at lower geomagnetic latitudes. The spacecraft uses several innovative approaches including an optical fiber bus, powerful onboard computers, and large solid state memories (instead of tape recorders). Spacecraft communication and data acquisition are discussed, and the space- and ground-segment data flows are summarized. A mission lifetime of 3 years is sought with the goal of extending data acquisition over an even longer portion of the 11-year solar activity cycle.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892); 31; 3; p. 531-541.
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    NASA's Small Explorer program (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: NASA's Small Explorer program, or 'SMEX', was designed to support disciplines heretofore accommodated within NASA's astrophysics/space physics/upper-atmosphere science Explorer program. Under the aegis of SMEX, a principal investigator proposes an entire mission and its experiments; emphasis is placed on the passing of spacecraft-design experience to a new generation of scientists and engineers. The first SMEX mission selected for implementation is the Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer, which is scheduled for launch on June, 1992.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Physics Today (ISSN 0031-9228); 44; 44-51
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The Mercury Dual Orbiter mission (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Mercury Orbiter (MeO) will carry out a full range of particles, fields, and planetary imaging science at Mercury. Present mission plans call for a launch in 1999 with a flight time of about 4.5 years. By means of multiple Venus and Mercury gravitational assists, the mission can be accomplished with present U.S. launch vehicles and a very large payload can be placed in orbit around Mercury. The dual-spacecraft concept will permit outstanding scientific study of solar cosmic rays and the solar wind throughout the inner heliosphere from 0.3 AU to 1.0 AU. Modest enhancements to the planned magnetospheric instruments and utilization of onboard solar instruments will permit unique investigation of solar particle acceleration and transport with the MeO spacecraft.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Humans to Mars in 1999 (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A set of vehicle designs and a mission architecture that was developed to send humans to Mars in the 1990's are discussed. Launching, landing, a 500 day stay on Mars, and a return to Earth are discussed. The plan is not merely a one shot expedition, but puts into place immediately an economical method of Earth-Mars transportation, real surface exploratory mobility, and significant base capabilities that can rapidly evolve into a mostly self-sufficient Mars colony. Since the plans call for the use of a combination of off the shelf technology and new technology that can be easily developed, the authors argue that there is no reason to postpone the exploration of Mars until several decades after a lunar base build-up.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA, Washington, Space Transportation Propulsion Technology Symposium. Volume 3: Panel Session Summaries and Presentations; p 881-891
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Ranger television camera calibration techniques. (1965)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: Shutters, lenses, vidicons, data rates and calibration techniques for TV cameras of Rangers VI, VII, VIII and IX
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 6
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    Some aspects of hyperaltitude photogrammetry Report no. 1 (1964)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-29
    Description: Photograph interpretation and photogrammetry of hyperaltitude photography - astrodynamic aspects, camera orientation, and location of objects imaged
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-CR-68275 , LR-17491
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  • 7
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    SAMPEX mission overview (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer SAMPEX will carry out energetic particle studies of outstanding scientific questions in the fields of space plasma physics, solar physics, magnetospheric and middle atmospheric physics, and cosmic ray physics. SAMPEX will measure the electron and ion composition of energetic particle populations from about 0.4 MeV/nucleon to hundreds of MeV/nucleon from a zenith-pointing small satellite in near-polar orbit. While over the magnetic poles, the instruments will study the composition of anomalous cosmic rays, solar energetic particles, and Galactic cosmic rays. At lower magnetic latitudes, geomagnetic cutoff effects will allow determination of the ionization state of these particles at energies much higher than can be studied from interplanetary spacecraft. At subauroral latitudes, SAMPEX will also observe precipitating relativistic magnetospheric electrons, which undergo important intertactions within the middle atmosphere.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
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  • 8
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    Passive fetal monitoring sensor (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An ambulatory, passive sensor for use in a fetal monitoring system is discussed. The invention is comprised of a piezoelectric polymer film, combined with a metallic mounting plate fastened to a belt, and electrically connected to a signal processing unit by means of a shielded cable. The purpose of the sensor is to receive pressure pulses emitted by a fetus inside an expectant mother. Additionally, the monitor will filter out pressure pulses arising from other sources, such as the maternal heart.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 9
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    Mars direct - A coherent architecture for the Space Exploration Initiative (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The coherency of the conventional earth-orbital assembly/Mars orbital rendezvous is analyzed in terms of the Space Exploration Initiative (SEI) architecture and an alternate approach is given. The coherency - defined as a combination of simplicity, robustness, and cost-effectiveness - of the conventional SEI is found to be inadequate. The Mars Direct plan is described in detail and proposed as an efficient alternative for both Martian and lunar applications. In situ propellant production on the target-planet's surface is described, and candidate vehicle designs are set forth. Objectives and problems associated with a manned mission are outlined, and details regarding surface activities and support are given. Nuclear thermal rocket propulsion is determined to be an efficient way to improve mission capability, and the Mars Direct SEI architecture can integrate such technology. The Mars Direct SEI is concluded to be a more effective plan than the conventional rendezvous mission.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: AIAA PAPER 91-2333
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Imaging Schwarzschild multilayer X-ray microscope (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: We have designed, analyzed, fabricated, and tested Schwarzschild multilayer X-ray microscopes. These instruments use flow-polished Zerodur mirror substrates which have been coated with multilayers optimized for maximum reflectivity at normal incidence at 135 A. They are being developed as prototypes for the Water Window Imaging X-Ray Microscope. Ultrasmooth mirror sets of hemlite grade sapphire have been fabricated and they are now being coated with multilayers to reflect soft X-rays at 38 A, within the biologically important 'water window'. In this paper, we discuss the fabrication of the microscope optics and structural components as well as the mounting of the optics and assembly of the microscopes. We also describe the optical alignment, interferometric and visible light testing of the microscopes, present interferometrically measured performance data, and provide the first results of optical imaging tests.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: In: Multilayer and grazing incidence X-ray(EUV optics for astronomy and projection lithography; Proceedings of the Meeting, San Diego, CA, July 19-22, 1992 (A93-39601 15-74); p. 660-673.
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