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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradability of blends of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with cellulose acetate esters in activated sludge (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of polymers and the environment 2 (1994), S. 49-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8900
    Keywords: Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) ; cellulose acetate esters ; biodegradation ; activated sludge
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Blends of the bacterially produced polyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with cellulose acetate esters (CAE) further substituted with propionyl or butyryl groups (degree of substitution: 2.60 propionyl and 0.36 acetyl or 2.59 butyryl and 0.36 acetyl, respectively) were exposed for 4 months to activated sludge to determine their biodegradability. Samples of such blends made by solution-mixing and solvent-casting had complex morphologies in which both individual components as well as a miscible blend phase were present. Additionally, the two opposite surfaces of solvent-cast films showed both physical and chemical differences. After 2 months, samples of pure PHBV had degraded by more than 98% (15 mg/cm2 of surface area), whereas a pure CAE sample had degraded less than 1% (〈0.2 mg/cm2). Samples containing 25% CAE lost less than 40% of their initial weights (6 mg/cm2) over the total 4-month period. Samples with 50% CAE lost up to 16% weight (2 mg/cm2), whereas those containing 75% CAE lost only slightly more weight than corresponding sterile control samples (1 mg/cm2). NMR results confirm that weight loss from samples containing 25% CAE resulted only from degradation of PHBV and that the surface of samples became enriched in CAE. Solvent-cast film samples containing equal amounts of PHBV and CAE degraded preferentially on the surface which formed at the polymer-air interface. Scanning electron microscopy and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy revealed this surface to have a rougher texture and a greater PHBV content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02073486
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Storing of secretory material inside the perinuclear space (1972)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 28 (1972), S. 934-936 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In Zellen des Subcommissuralorgans unbehandelter Wistar-Ratten und in neurosekretorischen Zellen NaCl-belasteter Teichmolche wurden voluminöse Erweiterungen der Perinuclearzisterne beobachtet, die beim Teichmolch zur Ausbildung grosser Vakuolen führen können. Perinuclearzisterne und Vakuolen enthalten ein feingranuläres, mässig elektronendichtes Material (proteinreiches Sekret). Es wird eine intranucleäre Synthese von Oligopeptiden oder Proteinen für möglich gehalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01924957
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of Mg fertilization on growth and mineral contents of fine roots in (Picea abies [karst] L.) stands at different stages of decline in NE-Bavaria (1990)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 54 (1990), S. 469-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The effect of various Mg-fertilizers (MgSO4; calcined dolomite) on root growth and mineral composition of 40 yr old Norway spruce at different sites and stages of decline was studied. Two years after fertilization, density of living fine roots of Mg-deficient trees had significantly increased on fertilized compared to non-fertilized plots. Only fertilization of calcined dolomite appeared to induce new root formation in the upper mineral soil. No such changes were observed for healthy looking trees at a second experimental site, where base saturation of the bulk soil was also low but trees were sufficiently supplied with Mg. At the third experimental site where foliar analyses reflected a luxurious Ca and Mg but an insufficient K nutrition at high Mg and Ca saturation of the bulk soil, calcined dolomite caused an increase of root growth due to a reinforced antagonism between Ca and Mg competing with K uptake. In general, at the experimental sites the fine root necromass decreased when base saturation of the bulk soil increased. The elemental contents of fine roots from the mineral soil of all three sites under investigation indicated that fine root growth in the mineral soil is strongly related to the root Ca and Mg contents. Root Ca contents seemed to be mainly a function of the Ca availability in the soil. Since there was no close relationship between fine root growth and the Ca/AI molar ratio in living fine roots, Al toxicity may not completely account for the differences in root growth and nutrition on the experimental sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298687
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Element composition of leaves and wood of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on SO2-polluted sites of the NE-Bavarian Mountain (1990)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 54 (1990), S. 97-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Element composition of leaves and wood from healthy and declining beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) growing on SO2-polluted sites in the NE-Bavarian Mountains was studied. The wood and foliar Mg contents was significantly lower for declining than for healthy beech. Within the period between 1956 and 1985 the Mg concentrations in year rings of moderately damaged (declining site) and healthy beech declined significantly. No such change was observed for severely damaged beech (declining site), indicating that the Mg supply of those trees had reached a minimum already before 1956. Symptoms of forest decline, however, appeared first in the late seventies and early eighties. It is assumed that the decrease of the Mg concentration in year rings of healthy and moderately declining trees during the past three decades was caused by increasing acid emissions. The significant increase of the wood S contents especially at the declining high elevation site confirms this assumption.The decrease of the wood Mg contents was paralleled by a decrease of the annual increments in diameter for healthy and declining beech, which started in 1972 and became accelerated in 1976. The reduction of growth in the early seventies at the high elevation site coincided with an elongation of chimneys at power stations and steel works and higher filtering of basic dust relative to acid emissions. In the extremely hot and dry summer 1976 drought and a drastical drop of soil pH due to an excess nitrification are supposed to have accelerated the declining of growth and Mg availability. We, therefore, believe that the long-term acid input and the accelerated soil internal H+ production due to an excess nitrification are mainly responsible for the sustained symptoms of forest decline in the NE-Bavarian Mountains during the late seventies and early eighties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298656
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of Mg fertilization on growth and mineral contents of fine roots in (Picea abies [Karst] L.) stands at different stages of decline in NE-Bavaria (1990)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 54 (1990), S. 469-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The effect of various Mg-fertilizers (MgSO4; calcined dolomite) on root growth and mineral composition of 40 yr old Norway spruce at different sites and stages of decline was studied. Two years after fertilization, density of living fine roots of Mg-deficient trees had significantly increased on fertilized compared to non-fertilized plots. Only fertilization of calcined dolomite appeared to induce new root formation in the upper mineral soil. No such changes were observed for healthy looking trees at a second experimental site, where base saturation of the bulk soil was also low but trees were sufficiently supplied with Mg. At the third experimental site where foliar analyses reflected a luxurious Ca and Mg but an insufficient K nutrition at high Mg and Ca saturation of the bulk soil, calcined dolomite caused an increase of root growth due to a reinforced antagonism between Ca and Mg competing with K uptake. In general, at the experimental sites the fine root necromass decreased when base saturation of the bulk soil increased. The elemental contents of fine roots from the minenal soil of all three sites under investigation indicated that fine root growth in the mineral soil is strongly related to the root Ca and Mg contents. Root Ca contents seemed to be mainly a function of the Ca availability in the soil. Since there was no close relationship between fine root growth and the Ca/Al molar ratio in living fine roots, Al toxicity may not completely account for the differences in root growth and nutrition on the experimental sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02385239
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the activation energies of relaxation processes from integrated intensities of the NMR bands of high resolution spectra (1974)
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 24 (1974), S. 593-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An analysis of the effect of temperature on the integrated intensities of NMR bands has revealed that it is possible, by using the dependence of the integrated intensities of high-resolution NMR spectra on temperature, to determine the activation energies of the motional modes or the product of the relaxation times, T1T2, of the individual proton groups. The procedure has been verified for samples of benzene and for polyethylene oxide, polyisobutylene and poly(methyl methacrylate) solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01587294
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein naturwissenschaftliches Literaturkarussell. Pharmazie (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 26 (1992), S. VIII 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.19920260214
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of aliphatic dienes by chemical ionization with nitric oxideStudies in Chemical Ionization, Part XXVI. For Part XXV see Ref. 1. (1991)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 26 (1991), S. 1057-1060 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is shown that the position of the double bond close to the hydrocarbon end of an aliphatic diene functionalized at C(1) can readily be determined by chemical ionization with NO+. Owing to the low abundance of the ions characteristic for the position of the other double bond, its localization may be difficult. Measurement of the chemical ionization (nitric oxide as reagent gas) spectra of the corresponding epoxides or collision activation studies can help.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210261205
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A facile method for the localization of a double bond in aliphatic compoundsStudies in CI Mass Spectrometry, XXIII. For part XXII see G. Drabner, A. Poppe and H. Budzikiewicz, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 97, 1 (1990); for part XXI see H. Budzikiewicz and G. Drabner, Org. Mass Spectrom. 24, 535 (1989). (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 4 (1990), S. 550-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Olefinic aliphatic compounds can be transformed on a microscale into the corresponding epoxides by reaction with m-chloroperbenzoic acid. The crude reaction mixture can be analysed without further work-up, by gas chromatography followed by chemical ionization mass spectrometry or desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry with nitric oxide as the chemical ionization gas.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290041217
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zerfall von 1-n-Butylaminocyclohexyl-phosphonsäure-di-n-butylester (Buminafos) in wäßrigem Medium (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 333 (1991), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Degradation of n-Butylaminocyclohexyl phosphonic Acid di-n-Butylester (Buminafos) in Aqueous Medium.In aqueous medium, breakdown of Buminafos (1) is connected with total loss of its herbicidal activity. The phosphorus-carbon bond is cleaved and n-butylcyclohexylidene amine (3), cyclohexanone (5), phosphoric acid mono-n-butyl ester (4) (partly as n-butylamine salt), and 1-aminocyclohexyl phosphonic acid di-n-butylester (8) were found as degradation products of carbon-14 labeled Buminafos. Identification was performed by MS, GC/MS, 1H- and 31P-n.m.r. spectroscopy, by detection of phosphorus, and by means of the radioactivity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19913330118
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