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  • maize  (36)
  • 42.80
  • Springer  (46)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Elsevier
  • 1990-1994  (39)
  • 1975-1979  (7)
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  • Springer  (46)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Elsevier
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allelic mutations in acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase confer herbicide tolerance in maize (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1992), S. 435-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Tissue culture mutant selection ; Herbicide tolerance ; Fatty acid biosynthesis ; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase ; maize
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genetic relationship between acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase; EC 6.4.1.2.) activity and herbicide tolerance was determined for five maize (Zea mays L.) mutants regenerated from tissue cultures selected for tolerance to the ACCase-inhibiting herbicides, sethoxydim and haloxyfop. Herbicide tolerance in each mutant was inherited as a partially dominant, nuclear mutation. Allelism tests indicated that the five mutations were allelic. Three distinguishable herbicide tolerance phenotypes were differentiated among the five mutants. Seedling tolerance to herbicide treatments cosegregated with reduced inhibition of seedling leaf ACCase activity by sethoxydim and haloxyfop demonstrating that alterations of ACCase conferred herbicide tolerance. Therefore, we propose that at least three, and possible five, new alleles of the maize ACCase structural gene (Acc1) were identified based on their differential response to sethoxydim and haloxyfop. The group represented by Acc1-S1, Acc1-S2 and Acc1-S3 alleles, which had similar phenotypes, exhibited tolerance to high rates of sethoxydim and haloxyfop. The Acc1-H1 allele lacked sethoxydim tolerance but was tolerant to haloxyfop, whereas the Acc1-H2 allele had intermediate tolerance to sethoxydim but was tolerant to haloxyfop. Differences in tolerance to the two herbicides among mutants homozygous for different Acc1 alleles suggested that sites on ACCase that interact with the different herbicides do not completely overlap. These mutations in maize ACCase should prove useful in characterization of the regulatory role of ACCase in fatty acid biosynthesis and in development of herbicide-tolerant maize germplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226531
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in resistance of Mexican landraces of maize to maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, in relation to taxonomic and biochemical parameters (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 74 (1993), S. 227-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: resistance ; taxonomy ; maize ; maize weevil ; indigenous landraces ; phenolic acids ; life history components ; indirect selection ; Zea mays ; Sitophilus zeamais
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Accessions representing twenty eight landraces of maize were assessed for susceptibility to the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais in standardized resistance tests. Susceptibility parameters such as weight loss of grain, number of insect progeny produced, the Dobie index of susceptibility, and oviposition on grain were found to vary significantly by genotype, with exceptional resistance found in accessions representing the Naltel, Chapalote and Palomero landraces. As in improved genotypes, susceptibility was negatively correlated to phenolic and protein content of the variety tested but positively correlated to moisture content. A detailed analysis of the phenolics revealed the presence of diferulate which may contribute to mechanical resistance of the seed by cross-linking of cell wall hemicelluloses. A canonical discriminant analysis of the resistance data suggests that most of the five landrace groupings are significantly different. The ancient indigenous and prehistoric mestisos groupings are sources of resistant genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct measurements of nonlinear absorption and refraction in solutions of phthalocyanines (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 46-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33.00 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report direct measurements of the excited singlet state absorption cross section and the associated nonlinear refractive cross section using picosecond pulses at 532 nm in solutions of phthalocyanine and naphthalocyanine dyes. By monitoring the transmittance and far field spatial beam distortion for different pulsewidths in the picosecond regime, we determine that both the nonlinear absorption and refraction are fluence (energy per unit area) rather than irradiance dependent. Thus, excited state absorption (ESA) is the dominant nonlinear absorption process, and the observed nonlinear refraction is also due to real population excitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331733
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of four new β-tubulin genes and their expression during male flower development in maize (Zea mays L.) (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 24 (1994), S. 295-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: β-tubulin ; microtubules ; maize ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Four different β-tubulin coding sequences were isolated from a cDNA library prepared from RNA from maize seedling shoots. The four genes (designated tub4, tub6, tub7 and tub8) represented by these cDNA clones together with the tub1 and tub2 genes reported previously encode six β-tubulin isotypes with 90–97.5% amino acid sequence identity. Results from phylogenetic analysis of 17 β-tubulin genes from monocot and dicot plant species indicated that multiple extant lines of β-tubulin genes diverged from a single precursor after the appearance of the two major subfamilies of α-tubulin genes described previously. Hybridization probes from the 3′ non-coding regions of six β-tubulin clones were used to quantify the levels of corresponding tubulin transcripts in different maize tissues including developing anthers and pollen. The results from these dot blot hybridization experiments showed that all of the β-tubulin genes were expressed in most tissues examined, although each gene showed a unique pattern of differential transcript accumulation. The tub1 gene showed a high level of transcript accumulation in meristematic tissues and almost no accumulation in the late stages of anther development and in pollen. In contrast, the level of tub4 transcripts was very low during early stages of male flower development but increased markedly (more than 100 times) during the development of anthers and in pollen. Results from RNAse protection assays showed that this increased hybridization signal resulted from expression of transcripts from one or two genes closely related to tub4. The tub4-related transcripts were not present in shoot tissue. Transcripts from the tub2 gene accumulated to very low levels in all tissues examined, but reached the highest levels in young anthers containing microspore mother cells. RNAse protection assays were used to measure the absolute levels of α- and β-tubulin transcripts in seedling shoot and in pollen. The α-tubulin gene subfamily I genes (tua1, tua2, tua4) contributed the great majority of α-tubulin transcripts in both shoot and pollen. Transcripts from the β-tubulin genes tub4, tub6, tub7, and tub8 were predominant in shoot, but were much less significant than the tub4-related transcripts in pollen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020169
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of phosphate status on phosphate uptake kinetics of maize (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) (1990)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 124 (1990), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Cmin ; depletion curve ; flowing solution culture ; Glycine max L. ; Imax ; Km ; maize ; phosphate uptake kinetics ; soybean ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract To obtain plants of different P status, maize and soybean seedlings were grown for several weeks in flowing nutrient solution culture with P concentrations ranging from 0.03–100 µmol P L-1 kept constant within treatments. P uptake kinetics of the roots were then determined with intact plants in short-term experiments by monitoring P depletion of a 3.5 L volume of nutrient solution in contact with the roots. Results show maximum influx, Imax, 5-fold higher in plants which had been raised in solution of low compared with high P concentration. Because P concentrations in the plants were increased with increase in external P concentration, Imax was negatively related to % P in shoots. Michaelis constants, Km, were also increased with increased pretreatment P concentration, only slightly with soybean, but by a factor of 3 with maize. The minimum P concentration, Cmin, where net influx equals zero, was found between 0.06 and 0.3 µmol L-1 with a tendency to increase with pretreatment P concentration. Filtration of solutions at the end of the depletion experiment showed that part of the external P was associated with solid particles. It was concluded that plants markedly adapt P uptake kinetics to their P status, essentially by the increase of Imax, when internal P concentration decreases. Changes of Km and Cmin were of minor importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00009256
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen transfer from nodulating soybean to maize or to nonnodulating soybean in intercrops: the 15N dilution method (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 132 (1991), S. 53-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merr. ; intercropping ; maize ; N-depleted soil ; 15N dilution method ; N transfer ; soybean ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In 1985, 1986 and 1988, maize (Zea mays L.) was monocropped or intercropped with nodulating or nonnodulating soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). In addition, nodulating soybean and nonnodulating soybean were each monocropped and grown as a mixture. In 1985 and 1986, treatments were grown at 0 and 60 kg N ha−1 and in 1988, the treatments were grown without N fertilizer, on N-depeted soil and on non-N-depleted soil. 15N enriched N was applied to soil in all the aforementioned treatments to test for N transfer from nodulating soybean to non-N2-fixing crops by the 15N dilution method. The 15N dilution method did not show the occurrence of N transfer in 1985 and 1986, but the N sparing effect was evident from the total N uptake of nonnodulating soybean, dwarf maize and tall maize, in 1986. In 1988, maize and nonnodulating soybean seed yields and seed N yields were higher on non-N-depleted soil than on N-depleted soil. On N-depleted soil, the 15N dilution method indicated N transfer from nodulating soybean to maize and to nonndulating soybean. At a population ratio of 67% nodulating soybean to 33% nonnodulating soybean, N transfer was also seen on non-N-depleted soil in 1988.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011012
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of phenolic acid content of maize to resistance toSitophilus zeamais, the maize weevil, in CIMMYT'S collections (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 301-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Phenolic acids ; resistance ; susceptibility ; maize ; maize weevil ; Sitophilus zeamais ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The (E)-ferulic acid content of the grain of nine populations of land races of maize derived from CIMMYT's collections was found to be negatively correlated to susceptibility characteristics towards the maize weevilSitophilus zeamais. Correlation coefficients for six susceptibility parameters and (E)-ferulic acid content were significant and ranged from −0.58 to −0.79. A multiple regression analysis by the SAS forward procedure using the primary seed characteristics associated with susceptibility indicated that the ferulic acid content was the only significant factor in explaining variation in at least two susceptibility parameters: the Dobie index and adult preference. In 15 CIMMYT pools, correlations between four susceptibility parameters and (E)-ferulic acid content were also significant (−0.76 to −0.81). The results suggest that phenolic acid content is a leading indicator of grain resistance or susceptibility to insects and may represent a newly identified mechanism of resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01021766
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Test of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) as a compact and fast tunable stokes source in coherent anti-stokes raman spectroscopy (CARS) (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 55 (1992), S. 378-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.60 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An optical parametric oscillator (OPO), as a novel kind of broadband Stokes source, is employed for coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). Compared to the conventional dye laser configuration OPO-CARS offers practical advantages. The tunable OPO allows a fast and comfortable frequency tuning. The excitation bandwidth of about 35 cm−1 (FWHM) limits the spectral range of effective and stable single pulse CARS generation but can be used to enhance selected spectral structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333085
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forward four-wave interactions in bismuth silicon oxide-theory and experiment (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 50 (1990), S. 355-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interaction between two strong pump beams and two signal beams is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that the frequencies of the beams need to satisfy the relation that the sum of the pump beam frequencies should be equal to the sum of the signal beam frequencies. The gain is shown to depend on the detuning of the pump beams relative to the incident signal beam and on the direction of the signal beam. Maximum gain is obtained when the signal beams bisect the pump beams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325086
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sagnac effect in the colliding-pulse-mode-locked dye ring laser (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 53 (1991), S. 119-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A colliding-pulse-mode-locked dye ring laser was mounted on a rotary stage and the beat frequency of the two output pulse trains was measured as a function of the rotation rate. The measurements are in good agreement with the Sagnac theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325542
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