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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of river discharge on the circulation in the western Bay of Bengal (1992)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 15 (1992), S. 1149-1170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Coastal upwelling ; Turbulence energy ; Exchange coefficient ; Roughness length ; Co-ordinate transformation ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A three-dimensional numerical model has been applied to study the impact of freshwater discharge from a river on the coastal circulation in the western Bay of Bengal. The basic dynamical framework of the model follows closely that described by Johns et al.1 for the simulation of coastal upwelling off the east coast of India. Using this model, experiments have been performed to investigate the impact of the freshwater discharge at the location of Godavari river along the east coast of India. A comparison of the model results, with and without the inclusion of river discharge, shows that the river discharge into the western Bay of Bengal suppresses the upwelling near the river mouth. Though there are no detailed observations on the flow structure near the mouth of the Godavari river, the computed results are in qualitative agreement with the observations documented by Rao and Jayaraman2 and Rao,3 who have shown that during monsoon period the upwelling off Godavari estuary is suppressed.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650151002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computation of electrostatic field distribution in a cable by least-squares smoothing finite element method (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 5 (1989), S. 15-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0748-8025
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a method for computing the electrostatic field distribution at the interface between two dissimilar dielectrics based on the least-squares smoothing technique along with the potential-based classical finite element method by suitably incorporating the interface nodal conditions. It is found to give accurate results when compared with the results obtained by classical finite element method, and also it gives the continuous field distribution at the nodes in the case of a homogeneous dielectric problem. By using this method, the electrostatic field distributions in a solid insulated single-core cable with homogeneous dielectric and in a compressed sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) gas insulated disk-type spacer cable are determined. Laboratory investigations have also been carried out on a disk-type spacer cable by varying parameters like the spacer contact angle, the relative permittivity of the spacer material and the conductor diameter.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1630050104
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polar effects. Part 12. Inductivity and carbon participation in the solvolysis of 4-substituted 2-adamantyl arenesulfonates (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 68 (1985), S. 651-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rate constants (log k) for the solvolysis of 4e-substituted 2e- and 2a-adamantyl p-nitrobenzenesulfonates 14 and 15, respectively, in 80% EtOH correlate linearly with the respective inductive substituent constants σIq. Therefore, relative rates are controlled by the I effect of the substituents at C(4). The derived reaction constants, or inductivities, ρI of -0.80 and -0.64 for the series 14 and 15, respectively, are far smaller than those previously determined for 6-substituted 2-norbornyl and 2-bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl sulfonates, in which the partial structure containing the substituent and the leaving group is the same. The ratio of the retained and inverted adamantanols obtained upon hydrolysis of the series 14 falls from 2.85 for R = CH3 to ca. 1 for R = CN, i.e. as the substituent at C(4) becomes more electron-attracting. In the 2a-series 15 this ratio is uniformly higher. These findings confirm that the 2-adamantyl cation is weakly bridged and that through-space induction in carbocations involves graded bridging of the cationic center by neighboring C-atoms.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19850680317
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und Hydrolyse von 4-substituierten p-Nitrobenzolsulfonsäure (2-adamantyl)estern (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 68 (1985), S. 760-769 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and Hydrolysis of 4-Substituted 2-Adamantyl p-NitrobenzenesulfonatesSeveral 4e -substituted 2e- and 2a-adamantyl p-nitrobenzensulfonates have been prepared by new routes. Their hydrolysis products are described.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19850680326
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Condensed Heterotricycles. Synthesis and Reactions of b-Fused 1(2H)-Isoquinolinones with unusual enaminic propertiesContribution No. 822 from Hindustan Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Research Centre. (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 77-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Homophthalic acid (1) undergoes reaction with 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-diamines to give condensed 1(2H)-isoquinolinones like 2, 4, 13, and 25, which exhibit marked enamine character. These are attacked by electrophiles at the N or C terminus. Some notable reactions of imidazoisoquinolone 2 are those with maleic and acrylic acids to form the tetracycles 48 and 51, respectively. With propiolic acid, 5 underwent an interesting reaction to form the benzimidazonaphthyridine 53. An equally interesting behaviour was elicited from 2 in its reaction with formaldehyde, when in addition to the expected methylene-bridged molecule 59, the novel spiro derivative 60 was formed by the dimerisation of a presumed azadiene intermediate 63.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19880710110
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of laminated bimodulus composite thin shells of revolution using a doubly curved quadrilateral finite element (1985)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 21 (1985), S. 285-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a finite element analysis of laminated bimodulus composite thin shells of revolution using a 48 d.o.f. doubly curved quadrilateral finite element. All the three displacements of the shell element reference surface are expressed as products of one-dimensional first-order Hermite interpolation polynomials. The constitutive relationship for a bimodulus composite is assumed to depend on the fibre-direction strain experienced by each orthotropic layer. Consequently the true state of strain and the corresponding constitutive relationship in a bimodulus composite structure are to be determined iteratively. The true state of stress/strain is obtained by specifying a maximum error in the locations of the two neutral surfaces (one along each of the orthogonal reference axes) in the shell. The use of the quadrilateral shell finite element is validated by solving the problem of (i) a freely supported single layer (0°) bimodulus composite square plate and (ii) a freely supported single layer (0°) cylindrical panel, which are subjected to sinusoidal transverse loading and for which analytical solutions are available. Next, the problems of a single layer (90°) pinched cylindrical shell and a single layer (0°) open crown hemispherical shell are solved to show the ability of the present program.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620210207
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of actively controlled structures using goal programming techniques (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 26 (1988), S. 183-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of design of actively controlled structures subject to restrictions on the damping parameters of the closed-loop system is formulated and solved as a multiobjective optimization problem. The purpose of control is to effectively suppress structural vibrations due to initial excitation. The cross-sectional areas of the members are treated as design variables. The structural weight and the controlled system energy are considered as objective functions for minimization. The goal programming approach is used for the solution of the multiobjective optimization problems. The procedure is illustrated through numerical simulations using two-bar and twelve-bar truss structures.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620260113
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-objective optimization of fuzzy structural systems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1157-1171 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is recognized that there exists a vast amount of fuzzy information in both the objective and constraint functions of the optimum design of structures. Since most practical structural design problems involve several, often conflicting, objectives to be considered, a multi-objective fuzzy programming method is outlined in this work. The fuzzy constraints define a fuzzy feasible domain in the design space and each of the fuzzy objective functions defines the optimum solution by a fuzzy set of points. A method of solving a fuzzy multi-objective structural optimization problem using ordinary single-objective programming techniques is presented. The computational approach is illustrated with two numerical examples.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240608
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the oxidative cleavage of the C≡C triple bond during the Autoxidation of Acetylenic Hydrocarbons 1. Evidence for α-dicarbonyl compounds as intermediatesDedicated to Prof. Dr. F. Asinger on the occasion of his 80th birthday (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 474-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Examination of oxidation mixtures of 1-phenylprop-1-yne, 1-phenylbut-1-yne and 1-phenyl-3-methylbut-1-yne revealed the presence of hitherto not reported interesting products, especially the α-dicarbonyl compounds 1-phenylpropane-1,2-dione, 1-phenylbutane-1,2-dione and 1-phenyl-3-methylbutane-1,2-dione respectively in minor quantities. Some other typical products like benzil, benzoic anhydride and phenyl benzoate were also characterized. Although the oxidation of diphenylacetylene is very slow, benzil could be found as the main detectable product along with traces of benzoic acid. The α-diketones corresponding to the 1-phenylalk-1-ynes were oxidized at 110°C. In each case benzoic acid and the lower carboxylic acids as in the case of the autoxidation of the corresponding acetylenes were obtained. Benzil, benzoic anhydride and phenyl benzoate were also characterized in all the cases. Therefore, α-diketones are considered as intermediates responsible for the formation of the oxidative cleavage products of the C≡C triple bond.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19873290314
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the oxidative cleavage of the C≡C triple bond during the Autoxidation of Acetylenic Hydrocarbons. II. Studies concerning the reaction of ketocarbenes with molecular oxygen (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 617-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α-Diazoacetophenone, α-diazopropiophenone, α-diazobutyrophenone and α-diazodesoxybenzoin were thermally and photochemically decomposed in the presence and in the absence of oxygen using benzene, cyclohexane and chlorobenzene as solvents. The products expected from the reaction of the short-lived intermediate ketocarbenes with oxygen (α-diketones and lower carboxylic acids, especially benzoic acid) could not be detected. No substantial difference was found between the composition of the reaction mixtures formed in the presence and absence of oxygen. The results show that the oxidative cleavage of the C≡C triple bond during the autoxidation of acetylenic hydrocarbons does not proceed via the corresponding oxirenes or the valence-isomeric ketocarbenes.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19873290412
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