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  • Tortricidae  (5)
  • pharmacokinetics  (5)
  • Springer  (10)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Wiley
  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
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  • Springer  (10)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Wiley
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hickory shuckworm Cydia caryana: electroantennogram and flight tunnel studies of potential sex pheromone components (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 44 (1987), S. 23-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; Cydia caryana ; sex pheromone ; electroantennogram ; flight tunnel ; behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les réponses olfactives antennaires de Cydia caryana, mesurées par électroantennogrammes (EAG), aux alcools et acétates à carbones monounsaturés en positions 12 et 14, ont montré que le système conjugué de double liaison, (E)-8-, (E)-10- du dodecadien-1-ol acétate constitue un composé chimique strutural critique de la phéromone sexuelle de C. caryana. De plus, les acétates: (E)-8-dodecen-1-ol,(Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol,(Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol, et le (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol, se sont révélés en AEG comme des composés secondaires de la phéromone. L'étude par AEG de la relation dose-réponse a conduit à l'hypothèse de deux catégories de populations de récepteurs de phéromones. L'analyse comportementale des résponses des papillons mâles dans le tunnel de vol aux composés qui ont provoqués les plus forts AEG, on fait estimer que les acétates (E,E)-8,10-dodécadien-1-ol et (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol ressemblent (ou sont) les constituants de la phéromone sexuelle de C. caryana; tandis que les (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol et (E)-10-dodecen-1-ol sont, soit des paraphéromones, soit des constituants mineurs de la phéromone. La signification biologique du (Z)-12-tétradécen-1-ol a été difficile à interprêter avec les expériences en tunnel de vol.
    Notes: Abstract Electroantennogram (EAG) measurement of male Cydia caryana moth antennal olfactory response to monounsaturated 12 and 14 carbon alcohols and acetates indicated that the (E)-8-, (E)-10- conjugated double bond system of a dodecadien-1-ol acetate is a critical chemical structural component of the C. caryana sex pheromone. Additionally, EAG measurements implicated (E)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate and (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol as potential minor pheromonal components. An EAG dosage-response study suggested that there were at least two heterologous populations of pheromone acceptors. Behavioral analysis of male moth response in a flight tunnel to compounds which evoked the stronger EAG responses suggested that (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate and (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate resemble or are C. caryana sex pheromonal components, while (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate and (E)-10-dodecen-1-ol acetate are either parapheromones or are minor pheromone components. Behavioral significance of (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol was difficult to interpret in the flight tunnel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00361305
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fosinopril pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Fosinopril ; fosinoprilat ; CAPD ; ACE-inhibitor ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; peritoneal dialysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fosinoprilat, the diacid of fosinopril sodium, a new angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, were investigated after the oral administration of 10 mg of fosinopril sodium to 6 chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. The results from 1 patient are reported separately because of the presence of concomitant liver dysfunction. The mean t1/2, Cmax, tmax, and AUC values for 5 of the CAPD patients were 19.5 h, 202 ng·ml−1, 4.8 h, and 3.19 μg·h·ml−1, respectively. Values for 1 CAPD patient with liver dysfunction were t1/2 of 65.4 h, Cmax of 182 ng·ml−1, tmax of 9 h, and AUC of 18.1 μg·h·ml−1. Peritoneal clearance of fosinoprilat was negligible, ranging from 0.07 to 0.23 ml·min−1. Serum ACE activity remained significantly suppressed at 24 and 48 h after fosinopril sodium administration with mean decreases from baseline of 94.2% and 70.6%, respectively. ACE activity was suppressed to an even greater degree in the patient with liver dysfunction, remaining 97% inhibited 72 h after drug administration. Plasma renin activity (PRA) increased and plasma aldosterone concentrations decreased following drug administration. Mean arterial pressure did not change appreciably throughout the study. Dosage reductions may not be necessary in the majority of dialysis patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265911
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disposition of oral quinine in acute falciparum malaria (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. 49-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Quinine ; pharmacokinetics ; falciparum malaria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma quinine concentrations following oral quinine sulphate 10 mg salt/kg have been measured by HPLC in 15 adult Thai patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. In 10 of the same patients the study was repeated in convalescence. In acute malaria plasma concentrations were approximately 50% higher than in convalescence; the mean acute peak plasma quinine concentration was 8.4 mg·l−1 compared to 5.7 mg·l−1 in convalescence. There was considerable variation in the rate of drug absorption, particularly in acute malaria. The mean time to peak plasma concentration was 5.9 h in acute malaria and 3.2 h in convalescence. The apparent clearance of oral quinine (CL/f) during the illness was 1.51 ml·kg−1·min−1, which was significantly lower than in convalescence — 2.67 ml·kg−·min−1. Estimated free quinine clearance was also lower in the acute phase: 30.6 compared to 49.0 ml·kg−1·min−1 in convalescence. Mean (SD) plasma protein binding of quinine was 94.7% in acute malaria and 92.8% in convalescence. Binding was significantly correlated with the plasma concentration of α1 acid glycoprotein (r=0.5), which was significantly higher in the acute phase; 1.48 g·l−1 compared to 1.05 g·l−1 during convalescence. Oral quinine sulphate was well absorbed in uncomplicated falciparum malaria. High blood concentrations following the administration of oral quinine in acute malaria are probably related to increased plasma protein binding, lower apparent volume of distribution, and a reduction in its systemic clearance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315138
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and protein binding of methocarbamol in renal insufficiency and normals (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 39 (1990), S. 193-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: methocarbamol ; haemodialysis ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We determined plasma methocarbamol concentrations over 24 h following a 1.5 g methocarbamol dose (off-dialysis day) to 8 chronic haemodialysis patients and compared these results to those from 17 healthy male volunteers. The harmonic mean elimination half-life was similar between the two groups, 1.24 and 1.14 h, respectively. tmax and the weight-adjusted Cmax were 1.1 h and 27.0 mg · m−1 for haemodialysis patients and 1.1 and 23.1 mg · l−1 for normals. Relative systemic availability was assessed by comparing weight-normalized AUC × k10 products. These results indicate no significant differences with respect to methocarbamol absorption, with the relative systemic availability in patients being 113%. These data suggest that absorption and elimination of methocarbamol is similar between normal subjects and patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280060
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human pharmacokinetics of esorubicin (4′ -deoxydoxorubicin) (1985)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 3 (1985), S. 361-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: 4′-deoxydoxorubicin ; esorubicin ; anthracycline ; anticancer agent ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of esorubicin, a new anthracycline antibiotic, was investigated in conjunction with a phase I clinical trial. The drug was administered to 12 patients as an intravenous bolus at a dose of 20 to 40mg/m2. All patients had normal renal and hepatic functions and no third space fluid accumulation. Plasma and urine samples were assayed by HPLC. The peak plasma concentration of esorubicin was 0.74 ± 0.57 μM (mean ± SE). Esorubicin disappeared from plasma according to a tri-exponential pattern with a terminal half-life of 20.4 ± 7.3 hr. The area under the plasma concentration versus time curve was 0.64 ± 0.31 μMxhr. Total body plasma clearance was 45.5 ± 26.8 liter/min/m2 and the apparent volume of the central compartment, 41.0 ± 24.8 L. A single metabolite, 4′-deoxydoxorubicinol, was detected in plasma. This metabolite was observed in 5 patients only and its mean peak concentration was 0.029 ± 0.017 μM. The area under the plasma versus concentration time curve for 4′-deoxydoxorubicinol was 0.02 ± 0.014 μMxhr. The urinary excretion of total fluorescence within 5 days of therapy was 7.3 ± 1.3% of the administered dose. Esorubicin represented more than 80% of the excreted anthracyclines. As in plasma, 4′ -deoxydoxorubicinol was the only metabolite detectable in urine. No correlation between the various pharmacokinetic parameters and drug-induced toxicity was observed in this small group of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170759
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship Between Enoxacin and Ciprofloxacin Plasma Concentrations and Theophylline Disposition (1994)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 11 (1994), S. 1424-1428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: enoxacin ; ciprofloxacin ; theophylline ; pharmacokinetics ; drug-drug interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Certain fluoroquinolone antibiotics affect theophylline (THEO) disposition by inhibition of its metabolism, yet no studies to date have investigated the relationship between fluoroquinolone plasma concentration and THEO pharmacokinetics. The effects of two fluoroquinolones, enoxacin (ENOX) and ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), have been studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 33–46) at steady state plasma concentrations of 0–33 mg · 1−1, achieved by supplementing an intravenous bolus dose with a constant rate infusion. The effects of steady state ENOX and CIPRO plasma concentrations on the clearance of THEO determined after an intravenous bolus dose of 6 mg · kg−1 were described using a competitive inhibition model. The model consisted of two components, one describing a residual component of THEO clearance, which was unaffected by fluoroquinolone, the other describing the non-linear reduction of THEO clearance by fluoroquinolone. The residual clearance estimated from the model was comparable to renal clearance for THEO in the rat. The potency of each fluoroquinolone was characterised by a Ki value, the concentration reducing THEO clearance by 50% of the maximum change. These values were 4.7 µM and 16.3 µM for ENOX and CIPRO, respectively. Thus, in this study, ENOX was found to be a more potent inhibitor of THEO clearance than CIPRO. The method allowed direct in vivo comparison of potency between different fluoroquinolones, as pharmacokinetic differences, such as clearance, volume of distribution and bioavailability, were ‘designed out.’
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018991822440
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone of hickory shuckwormCydia caryana Development of an effective field Lure (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 317-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; sex attractant ; Cydia caryana ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate ; (E)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate ; dodecanol acetate ; (E, E)-8 ; 10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate ; (E, Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts of the sex pheromone glands of femaleCydia caryana were evaluated by electroantennography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These studies suggested the following compounds were potential sex pheromone components: (Z)-8- and/or (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate (50 pg/female), dodecyl acetate (40 pg/female), and (E, E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate (25 pg/female). In field tests only the diene produced trap catch, and when the other components were added to the diene, trap catch was not increased. When the diene was formulated in red natural rubber septa, only transient and low catches were obtained, but when gray halobutyl isoprene elastomeric septa were used, high and consistent catches were obtained for eight weeks. Catches depended on the ratio of (E, E)-8,10 to (E, Z)-8,10 isomers. High catches were obtained for anEE toEZ ratio of 100 ∶ 0.6, and insignificant catches were obtained when the ratio was 100 ∶ 3. Equivalent catches were obtained for dosages of 50, 100, and 200 μg/septum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01021767
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Codling moth (Cydia pomonella): Disruptants of sex pheromonal communication (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 171-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Codling moth ; Cydia pomonella ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; communication disruption ; mating disruption ; sex pheromone ; (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; (Z,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; dodecan-1-ol ; tetradecan-1-ol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In a small section of an apple orchard, six traps were placed each in control and test areas and baited with live virgin female codling moths. Gray elastomer septa were used to dispense communication disruptants around the traps. Dyed male codling moths were released in control and test areas, and the numbers of males captured in control and test traps were compared. In 1991, linear regression curves of percent communication disruption versus logarithm of dose were obtained for three compositions: (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, codlemone (1); codlemone + dodecan-1-ol + tetradecan-1-ol (2); and an equilibrium mixture of the four isomers of 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (30, (61%EE, 14%ZE, 20%EZ, and 5%ZZ). All three regressions gaver 2 values greater than 0.90. At the 95% confidence limits, slopes and intercepts of compositions 1 and 2 were equivalent, and different from that of composition 3, which produced the greatest percentages of disruption at all doses. In 1992, five treatments were compared at a single dose: 1, 3, none (4), (Z,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (5), (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (6). Compositions 5 and 6 gave the greatest and similar percentages of disruption and were different from codlemone (1) and 4 (95% confidence), but not from composition 3. Communication disruption produced by composition 3 was greater than (codlemone), which was greater than 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02065999
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blackheaded fireworm: Laboratory and field studies of its sex pheromone (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 13 (1987), S. 1235-1242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Rhopobota naevana (Hübner) ; Rhopobota unipunctana Haworth ; Rhopobota naevana naevana (Hübner) ; blackheaded fireworm ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; sex pheromone ; sex attractant ; (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol ; (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol acetate ; (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Electroantennogram (EAG) responses of maleRhopobota naevana (Hübner), the blackheaded fireworm, to all of the monoene straightchain 12- and 14-carbon alcohols and acetates implicated (Z)-11-tetradecenl-1-ol (Z11–14∶OH) and its acetate (Z11–14∶Ac) as sex pheromone components.Z11–14∶Ac produced the strongest EAG response of all compounds tested. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of extract of female sex pheromone glands (SPG) confirmed the presence ofZ11–14∶OH (125 pg/female) andZ11–14∶Ac (600 pg/female) (all other monoenes had different retention times). In field tests, traps baited withZ11–14∶OH alone captured males, but traps baited withZ11–14∶Ac alone did not. Traps baited with a combination ofZ11–14∶OH andZ11–14∶Ac in various ratios did not produce better trap catches thanZ11–14∶OH alone. (Z)-9-Dodecen-1-ol acetate (Z9–12∶Ac), reported by others to be a field attractant, did not produce trap catch in our tests, but in combination withZ11–14∶ OH (98∶2 in septa corresponding to 95:5 in vapor,Z11–14∶OH toZ9–12∶AC) produced a sevenfold increase in catch overZ11–14∶OH alone. IfZ9–12∶AC had been present in extract of SPG at 2–5% ofZ11–14∶OH, it would not have been detected in our GC-MS experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01020551
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of male codling moths (Cydia pomonella) to components of conspecific female sex pheromone glands in flight tunnel tests (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 1737-1748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Codling moth ; Cydia pomonella ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; sex pheromone ; flight tunnel ; mating disruption ; (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; (E)-9-dodecen-1-ol ; decan-1-ol ; dodecan-1-ol ; tetradecan-1-ol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In flight tunnel tests, the percentages of oriented upwind flights of male codling moths culminating in contacting a source of different compositions of female sex pheromone gland components were determined over a dosage range of 0.1–100,000Μg. The following compositions were tested: (1) (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol of 99.7% isomeric purity; (2) 1 + dodecanl-ol + tetradecan-1-ol; (3) 2 + decan-1-ol + (E)-9-dodecen-1-ol; and (4) an equilibrium mixture of 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol isomers (61%EE, 5%ZZ, 14%ZE, and 20%EZ). The ratios of the components in compositions 2 and 3 were chosen to produce vapor ratios equal to the natural ratios found in the female effluvium by Arn and coworkers. As the dose of composition 1 was increased from 0.1 to 10Μg, response increased from 0 to about 80% and then was approximately constant from 10 to 300Μg. Over the range 0.1–300Μg, the percentage of males contacting the septum was virtually the same as the percentage flying upwind. From 300 to 100,000Μg, the percentage of males flying upwind and contacting the source steadily decreased from about 80 to 0%. The male responses to compositions 2 and 3 were virtually identical to the response to 1. These results indicate, contrary to published reports, that dodecan-1-ol and tetradecan-1-ol in combination with 1 do not increase the responses of the behavioral modes determining degree of attractancy and disruption of sexual communication over that of 1 alone. These results also show that decan-1-ol and (E)-9-dodecen-1-ol do not enhance response in the five-component mixture. The response to composition 4 increased from 0% at a dose of 0.3Μg to 26% at a dose of 30Μg and then decreased to 0% at a dose of 3000Μg. Thus, the inhibiting effect of the isomers on response was greater at the higher doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00982304
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