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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Band offsets at the InAlGaAs/InAlAs (001) heterostructures lattice matched to an InP substrate (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 5852-5854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The first-principles pseudopotential method combined with virtual crystal approximation is used to calculate band offsets at the In0.53(AlzGa1−z)0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As (001) heterostructures lattice matched to an InP substrate. It is found that the valence-band offset (VBO) varies with respect to the aluminum composition as VBO=0.18–0.16z–0.02z2 eV, while the conduction-band offset (CBO) varies as CBO=0.51–0.33z–0.18z2 eV. Our results are in good agreement with the experimental data. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367443
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Band offsets at GaInP/AlGaInP(001) heterostructures lattice matched to GaAs (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 1098-1100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this work, the band offsets at the Ga0.5In0.5P/AlxGa0.5−xIn0.5P heterojunction lattice matched to (001) GaAs was calculated over the whole range of aluminum composition from x=0.0 to 0.5 using the first-principles pseudopotential method with virtual crystal approximation. The valence band offset, VBO, varies with x as VBO=0.433x eV, while the inferred conduction band offset CBO at Γ minimum (band-gap difference minus the valence band offset) varies in x as CBOΓ=0.787x eV. Our results are in good agreement with the experimental data. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122096
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interpretation of interbasin exchange in an isopycnal ocean model (1998)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 14 (1998), S. 725-740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  This work concerns an analysis of inter-basin and inter-layer exchanges in the component ocean part of the coupled ECHAM4/OPYC3 general circulation model, aimed at documenting the simulation of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and related thermohaline circulations in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The modeled NADW is formed mainly in the Greenland– Iceland–Norwegian Seas through a composite effect of deep convection and downward cross-isopycnal transport. The modeled deep-layer outflow of NADW can reach 16 Sv near 30 °S in the South Atlantic, with the corresponding upper-layer return flow mainly coming from the “cold water path” through Drake Passage. Less than 4 Sv of the Agulhas “leakage” water contributes to the replacement of NADW along the “warm water path”. In the South Atlantic Ocean, the model shows that some intermediate isopycnal layers with potential densities ranging between 27.0 and 27.5 are the major water source that compensate the NADW return flow and enhance the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) flowing from the Atlantic into Indian Ocean. The modeled thermohaline circulations in the Indian and Pacific Oceans indicate that the Indian Ocean may play the major role in converting deep water into intermediate water. About 16 Sv of the CDW-originating deep water enters the Indian Ocean northward of 31 °S, of which more than 13 Sv “upwell” mainly near the continental boundaries of Africa, South Asia and Australia through inter-layer exchanges and return to the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) as intermediate-layer water. As a contrast, only 4 Sv of Pacific intermediate water is connected to “upwelling” flow southward across 31 °S while the magnitude of northward deep flow across 31 °S in the Pacific Ocean is significantly greater than that in the Indian Ocean. The model suggests that a large portion of the deep waters entering the Pacific Ocean (about 14 Sv) “upwells” continually into some upper layers through the thermocline, and becomes the source of the Indonesian throughflow. Uncertainties in these results may be related to the incomplete adjustment of the model’s isopycnal layers and the sensitivity of the Indonesian throughflow to the model’s geography and topography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050251
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the nucleation and crystal growth rate curves of a chalcohalide glass from DSC experiments (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 16 (1997), S. 21-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JMSL.0000044915.69327.d5
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Penaeus chinensis using an indirect fluorescent antibody staining procedure (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 325-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Indirect fluorescent antibody staining ; Penaeus chinensis ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract An indirect fluorescent antibody technique (iFAT) incorporating fluorescein-isothiocyanate conjugated anti-rabbit globulin goat serum, and rhodamine-isothiocyanate conjugated bovine serum albumin as background stain has been developed for the detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008849824453
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mean climate state simulated by a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 55 (1996), S. 99-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The result of a 100-year integration of a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model (CGCM) is analyzed, and compared with that of a 25-year integration of the corresponding uncoupled atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) and observed data. The large-scale circulation patterns of mean climate state simulated by the CGCM are in good agreement with the observed ones, although differences exit in the positions and intensities between the simulated and the observed patterns. Having compared the standard deviations of monthly mean sea level pressure simulated by the CGCM to those by the AGCM, we found that the interaction between ocean and atmosphere mainly increases the interannual variability in the tropics especially in summer. The CGCM can also produce El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, whereas the AGCM cannot reproduce the main features of the Southern Oscillation. This implies that the air-sea interaction may be a principal mechanism for the occurrence of ENSO phenomena. The fundamental features of simulated regional climates are also analyzed. The CGCM can reproduce principal characteristics of surface air temperature and precipitation at five selected typical regions (desert region, plain region, monsoon region etc.). The distributions of annual mean surface ait temperature and precipitation in East Asia can also be reasonably simulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00864705
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Research in China on Climate and its variability (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 55 (1996), S. 3-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The research program “Dynamical Climatology and the Theory of Short-Term Climate Prediction” supported by the State Committee of Sciences and Technology is introduced. Diagnosis studies on climate variability are summarised. These include the studies on the variability of sea-surface temperature (SST) and its relationship with atmospheric anomalies, on monsoon and seasonal change, and on lowfrequency atmospheric variability. Numerical simulation and model development for climate research, particularly those activities and achievements at LASG, are reported. These include the development and simulation of atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs), oceanic general circulation models (OGCMs), and atmosphere-ocean coupled general circulation models (CGCMs). The ongoing activities concerning the development of climate system model is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00864699
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of thermohaline circulation with a twenty-layer oceanic general circulation model (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 55 (1996), S. 65-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary This paper presents the basic configuration and preliminary performance of a twenty-layer oceanic general circulation model which represents a portion of the recent progress in developing coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models made by the authors. The model uses latitude/depthdependent thermohaline-stratification subduction, “η”-coordinate, three-dimensional implicit diffusion, complete convective adjustment, separating and coupling of external and internal modes and Asselin temporal filter, and thermodynamic sea-ice calculation. With seasonally varying climatological forcing at the surface and enhanced surface salinities in the region adjacent Antarctica, the model has been integrated for one thousand years to reach a quasiequilibrium state. Preliminary verification shows that the model is capable of simulating successfully not only many aspects of the upper ocean circulation but also an acceptable thermohaline circulation. The modelled overturning rate of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is greater than 15Sv. The simulated overturning rate of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) is about 20Sv. The southward outflow of NADW can be identified from not only the meridional overturning streamfunction but also the current fields at four deeper levels from 1455m to 2475m. The AABW northward outflow exists at some bottom levels below 2600m, and mainly flows towards the Pacific basin. Major problems in the present simulation include the underestimate of the NADW outflow, the failure to simulate the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), the too fresh bottom water and the too diffuse thermocline of the model. A sensitivity experiment has revealed that the model diffusion process has an important impact on the simulation of both the thermocline and the NADW outflow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00864703
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  • 9
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    Mutation of a conserved serine in TM4 of opioid receptors confers full agonistic properties to classical antagonists. (1996)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-06-11
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Band offsets at GaInP/AlGaInP(001) heterostructures lattice matched to GaAs (1998)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-08-24
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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