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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Encephalitozoon (Septata) intestinalis Isolates Cultured from Nasal Mucosa and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids of Two AIDS Patients (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Microsporidia are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that can cause opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Species from five genera of microsporidia are presently known to infect man. One species, Septata intestinalis originally was detected in stool specimens of individuals with chronic diarrhea and subsequently was found to disseminate to the kidneys, lungs, and nasal sinuses. This organism has since been reclassified as Encephalitozoon and in this study, we report the culture of Encephalitozoon intestinalis from a bronchoalveolar lavage specimen and a nasal mucus aspirate of two AIDS patients living in the USA. The bronchoalveolar and nasal microsporidian isolates grew in several continuous cell lines including RK-13, MDCK, HT-29, Caco-2, Vero, and 1047. Transmission electron microscopy of the clinical and cell culture specimens revealed that the new isolates appeared to be E. intestinalis based on morphology and growth of organisms in septated membrane-bound parasitophorous vacuoles. The new E. intestinalis isolates were characterized and compared with the first isolated E. intestinalis that was cultured from stool to confirm their identity and to determine if there existed any minor differences, as seen in the closely related Encephalitozoon cuniculi strains. By the methods of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis staining for proteins and carbohydrates, Western blot immunodetection, and polymerase chain reaction-based methods with restriction endonuclease digestion, double-stranded DNA heteroduplex mobility shift analysis, and DNA sequencing of the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region, the new isolates were identical to each other and to the reference isolate of E. intestinalis. In addition, with any of these methods, the E. intestinalis organisms could be distinguished from the three E. cuniculi strains, Encephalitozoon hellem, and Vittaforma corneae, which is important for diagnostics, therapeutic strategies, and epidemiology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1996.tb02470.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative rDNA Analysis of Microsporidia including AIDS Related Species (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1996.tb05030.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small Subunit Ribosomal DNA Phylogeny of Various Microsporidia with Emphasis on AIDS Related Forms (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 42 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit ribosomal DNA of a broad range of representative microsporidia including five species from humans (Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Nosema corneum, Septata intestinalis, Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon cuniculi), reveals that human microsporidia are polyphyletic in origin. Septata intestinalis and E. hellem are very similar to the mammalian parasite E. cuniculi. Based on the results of our phylogenetic analysis, we suggest that S. intestinalis be designated Encephalitozoon intestinalis. Furthermore, analysis of our data indicates that N. corneum is much more closely related to the insect parasite Endoreticulatus schubergi than it is to other Nosema species. This finding is supported by recent studies which have shown a similarity between E. schubergi and N. corneum based on the origin and development of the parasitophorous vacuole. Thus these opportunistic microsporidian parasites can originate from hosts closely or distantly related to humans. Finally, the phylogeny based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences is highly inconsistent with traditional classifications based on morphological characters. Many of the important morphological characters (diplokaryon, sporophorous vesicle, and meiosis) appear to have multiple origins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1995.tb05906.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic Position of Amblyospora Hazard & Oldacre (Microspora: Amblyosporidae) Based on Small Subunit rRNA Data and Its Implication for the Evolution of the Microsporidia (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 44 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Sequences of the small subunit rRNA genes of Amblyospora californica and an Amblyospora sp. from Culex salinarius were determined. These sequences were compared phylogenetically with 16 other microsporidia. The results suggest Amblyospora forms a sister taxon to the rest of the microsporidia examined. The basal position of Amblyospora is discussed with respect to the evolution of microsporidian life cycles. These sequences represent the longest microsporidian small subunit rRNA genes sequenced to date, 1,359 and 1,358 bp, respectively. Structural features and GC content (49% for both) are comparable to those of other microsporidia which have been sequenced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1997.tb05704.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developing an Australian model of export marketing performance determinants (1996)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 14 (1996), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Compares and contrasts the Australian and international literature which has examined the determinants of export performance with a view to developing a model which will assist in improving what is generally considered to be low levels of achievement by Australian exporters. Based on a subjective evaluation of the international literature classifies export performance determinants into four categories of determinants - tangible (e.g. product, technology, distribution), attitudinal, skill and knowledge. Combines these determinants into a simple explanatory model process for the Australian literature. Concludes, after comparison of the two literatures that such differences as exist are a matter of degree rather than kind. Lack of prior experience and a poor perception of the potential benefits appear to inhibit Australian involvement and are reflected in low confidence levels. Modifies the original model to address these issues, giving greater emphasis to a long-term perspective and the attitudinal and skill based factors. Suggests that greater familiarity with the extant body of knowledge dealing with export performance determinants is needed to achieve the necessary attitudinal change and commitment to exporting which underpins success in domestic markets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509610117311
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Country of origin effects: a literature review (1998)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Marketing intelligence & planning 16 (1998), S. 150-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-4503
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature regarding the effect of country of origin on consumer perceptions of products and services. Results reveal that consumer perceptions differ significantly on the basis of product/service and country of origin. The country of origin may be an important element in the perceptions consumers have of products and services especially where little other information is known. However, the question of how much influence the country of origin provides in product and service evaluations remains unanswered and a number of other major issues have yet to be resolved. Directions for future research are developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509810217309
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introducing EPOS in Bass Taverns: a report of the case and an exploration of some of the issues (1998)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of contemporary hospitality management 10 (1998), S. 16-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-6119
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: IT projects frequently fail, and many of those which survive do not deliver all they promise. In this paper, the authors discuss factors affecting the success and failure of IT projects and raise a number of questions. They report on a successful IT project at Bass Taverns, and see how this case study sheds light on the questions raised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596119810199291
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical food and beverage training in the UK: a study of facilities and a debate on its relevance (1995)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of contemporary hospitality management 7 (1995), S. 21-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-6119
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes a research study into the use of practical food andbeverage facilities - the teaching restaurant and productionkitchen - in undergraduate degree courses in hospitalitymanagement. Discusses the priority placed on the possession and use ofthese facilities and their relevance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596119510090681
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual identity: trappings or substance? (1997)
    Bradford : Emerald
    European journal of marketing 31 (1997), S. 366-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0309-0566
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes the initiation and development of a corporate identity/visual identity programme, using a major UK university as a case study. Concludes that assessing a visual identity can be useful in identifying organizational weaknesses. However, whereas a weak visual identity may be a symptom of corporate malaise, a new visual identity, although powerful, should be used as part of an integrated approach when repositioning an organization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb060637
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substrate specificity and inhibition of UDP-GlcNAc:GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-6R β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V using synthetic substrate analogues (1995)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 12 (1995), S. 371-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: GlcNAc-transferase V ; substrate specificity ; inhibition ; leukaemia ; N-linked glycans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract UDP-GlcNAc:GlcNAc β1-2Manα1-6R (GlcNAc to Man) β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GlcNAc-T V) adds a GlcNAcβ1-6 branch to bi- and triantennaryN-glycans. An increase in this activity has been associated with cellular transformation, metastasis and differentiation. We have used synthetic substrate analogues to study the substrate specificity and inhibition of the partially purified enzyme from hamster kidney and of extracts from hen oviduct membranes and acute myeloid leukaemia leukocytes. All compounds with the minimum structure GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-6Glc/Manβ-R were good substrates for GlcNAc-T V. The presence of structural elements other than the minimum trisaccharide structure affected GlcNAc-T V activity without being an absolute requirement for activity. Substrates with a biantennary structure were preferred over linear fragments of biantennary structures. Kinetic analysis showed that the 3-hydroxyl of the Manα1-3 residue and the 4-hydroxyl of the Manβ- residue of the Manα1-6(Manα1-3)Manβ-RN-glycan core are not essential for catalysis but influence substrate binding. GlcNAcβ1-2(4,6-di-O-methyl-)Manα1-6Glcβ-pnp was found to be an inhibitor of GlcNAc-T V from hamster kidney, hen oviduct microsomes and acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia leukocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731340
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