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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor in the human prostate: Synthesis predominantly by interstitial and vascular smooth muscle cells and action as a carcinoma cell mitogen (1998)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 68 (1998), S. 328-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: cell proliferation ; tumor progression ; EGF receptor ; ErbB ; HER1 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is an activating ligand for the EGF receptor (HER1/ErbB1) and the high-affinity receptor for diphtheria toxin (DT) in its transmembrane form (proHB-EGF). HB-EGF was immunolocalized within human benign and malignant prostatic tissues, using monospecific antibodies directed against the mature protein and against the cytoplasmic domain of proHB-EGF. Prostate carcinoma cells, normal glandular epithelial cells, undifferentiated fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells were not decorated by the anti-HB-EGF antibodies; however, interstitial and vascular smooth muscle cells were highly reactive, indicating that the smooth muscle compartments are the major sites of synthesis and localization of HB-EGF within the prostate. In marked contrast to prostatic epithelium, proHB-EGF was immunolocalized to seminal vesicle epithelium, indicating differential regulation of HB-EGF synthesis within various epithelia of the reproductive tract. HB-EGF was not overexpressed in this series of cancer tissues, in comparison to the benign tissues. In experiments with LNCaP human prostate carcinoma cells, HB-EGF was similar in potency to epidermal growth factor (EGF) in stimulating cell growth. Exogenous HB-EGF and EGF each activated HER1 and HER3 receptor tyrosine kinases and induced tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins to a similar extent. LNCaP cells expressed detectable but low levels of HB-EGF mRNA; however, proHB-EGF was detected at the cell surface indirectly by demonstration of specific sensitivity to DT. HB-EGF is the first HER1 ligand to be identified predominantly as a smooth muscle cell product in the human prostate. Further, the observation that HB-EGF is similar to EGF in mitogenic potency for human prostate carcinoma cells suggests that it may be one of the hypothesized stromal mediators of prostate cancer growth. J. Cell. Biochem. 68:328-338, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 2
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    Trends and seasonality in stream water chemistry in two moorland catchments of the Upper River Wye, Plynlimon (1997)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-09-30
    Description: Stream water chemistry in the Cyff and Gwy subcatchments within the headwaters of the River Wye has been monitored regularly since 1980. In the Gwy, which is a predominantly semi-natural grassland catchment, land use has remained relatively static over the monitoring period, whilst the Cyff catchment is more buffered because of base cation inputs from agricultural improvement and ground water sources. Using a variety of statistical techniques, the long-term data are examined for evidence of trends after eliminating seasonal effects. The results highlight some of the difficulties associated with the analysis of longterm water quality data which show considerable variability over a variety of timescales. Some of this variability can be explained in terms of hydrochemical responses to climatic extremes and episodic events such as large atmospheric inputs of seasalts. The long-term fluctuations in solute concentration underline the continuing need for maintaining consistent long-term monitoring at sensitive upland sites if underlying trends related to gradual changes in pollutant deposition or climate are to be detected with any certainty.
    Print ISSN: 1027-5606
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-7938
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 3
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    Critical loads for soils and freshwaters; a comparison methods at the Plynlimon catchments (1997)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-09-30
    Description: International agreements aimed at reducing sulphur deposition from the atmosphere are now focused on the "critical loads" concept. This provides a distributed link between sources and receptors of acidic oxides and also links the level of reduction with biological recovery. Methods for calculating critical loads include simple classification (Level 0), mass-balance equilibrium models (Level 1) and dynamic hydrochemical models (Level 2). Here, examples of each method are applied to headwater catchments in Plynlimon, mid-Wales. The critical loads derived are compared and the utility of the critical loads concept as a tool for local pollution control and land management is assessed. Differences in critical load methods for soils result from assumptions regarding biological receptors. Surface water critical loads are generally similar under all methods. As a local management tool, the dynamic model is most appropriate although it has a high data requirement. The utility of other methods depends upon detailed maps of soil and vegetation being available at an appropriate scale.
    Print ISSN: 1027-5606
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-7938
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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