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  • Springer  (73)
  • BioMed Central
  • 1995-1999  (73)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abstracts of papers and posters (1995)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 17 (1995), S. 3-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01901737
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prescription data as a tool in pharmacotherapy audit (II) the development of an instrument (1999)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 21 (1999), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Feedback ; Prescribiog data ; Computert
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In many countries, prescription data are used as an instrument to provide feedback on prescribing. This article describes the development and implementation of a computer program as a tool for pharmacotherapy audit meetings and it illustrates the possibilities of such a program. The program was developed to support the optimisation of prescribing in the various stages of behavioural change. It enables pharmacists to make sophisticated overviews of prescribing by physicians in their audit group and furthermore, pharmacists can conduct drug utilisation studies or pharmaco‐epidemiological studies in their own patient population. Forty percent of Dutch pharmacies have purchased the computer program since its introduction; it was distributed together with a technical handbook and a course book, which elaborated on the types of graphs available and their interpretation. An educational course was developed regarding the optimal selection and interpretation of graphs. Examples of prescription data as a tool to support various aims of audit meetings are given. The program is acknowledged as a welcome contribution to pharmacotherapy audit and to the pharmacists' advisory role in pharmacotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008665731627
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Generic View of Classic Microbial Growth Models (1998)
    Springer
    Acta biotheoretica 46 (1998), S. 117-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8358
    Keywords: growth models ; endogenous metabolism ; Monod model ; Droop quota model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract General theoretical aspects are reviewed of models for microbial growth and endogenous metabolism. The focus is on a generic cell model with two components. Growth is represented as the increase of one of these components (the structural scaffolding or 'frame'). A novel feature of the present generic model is the explicit modelling of (partial) metabolic shutdown under conditions where maintenance requirements cannot be met. Two different approaches to mechanistic underpinnings for the classic models are outlined. The first approach is based on a bimolecular reaction between the non-permanent biomass component and the permanent biomass component. The second approach is based on cellular control systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001173702648
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular analysis of an MHC class II deficiency patient reveals a novel mutation in the RFX5 gene (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 338-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words MHC class II deficiency ; Bare lymphocyte syndrome ; RFX5 ; CIITA ; Gene regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Patients suffering from major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II deficiency, a rare primary immunodeficiency, are characterized by a lack of MHC class II expression which is the result of defects in trans-acting factors. At least four complementation groups, A, B, C, and D, can be discerned. The gene affected in group C patients is known to be RFX5 and encodes one of the subunits of the multimeric phosphoprotein complex, RFX. In the present study we fused fibroblasts of a recently identified MHC class II deficiency patient, OSE, with fibroblasts derived from patients representative of each of the four complementation groups. Transient heterokaryon analysis indicated that OSE belonged to complementation group C. Furthermore, transfection of wild-type RFX5 cDNA into OSE fibroblasts resulted in restoration of the defect. Mutation analysis revealed that the RFX5 mRNA lacked four nucleotides and that this deletion was the consequence of a G to A transition in a splice acceptor site. Genomic oligotyping demonstrated that OSE was homozygous for the splice site mutation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050501
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of interfaces of alumina – high alloyed steels by SST and AES depth profiling (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 358 (1997), S. 318-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Thin alumina films, deposited at 280° C on several high alloyed steels by low pressure metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (LP-MOCVD), were annealed at 0.17 kPa in a nitrogen atmosphere for 2, 4 and 17 h at 600 and 800° C. The effect of the annealing process on the adhesion of the thin alumina films was studied using a scanning scratch tester (SST) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The best adhesion properties were obtained with commercial oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) high temperature alloys, especially type PM 3030. From the “normally” high alloyed stainless steels, type AISI-321 showed the best properties. The other stainless steel – alumina combinations showed after a thermal treatment a decrease of the critical load, Lc. Using ODS alloys as the substrate resulted in an increased Lc. AES-studies revealed that the increased Lc can be explained by 1) the presence of sulphur trapping elements, avoiding segregation of sulphur near the interface which could have a detrimental effect on scale adherence, and 2) titanium and carbon enrichment at the interface resulting in a beneficial effect on the adherence between the oxide and the substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050417
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEM and AES depth profile studies of thin titanium and titanium oxide films covered by nanoscale evaporated Au layers (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 365 (1999), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Thin titanium and titanium oxide films, both covered by ultra-thin gold layers, have been compared with titanium films after analysis, using a combination of SEM and AES. The Ti films were prepared under UHV conditions by evaporation on a glass substrate. The Ti oxide layers were prepared in situ by precisely controlled oxygen sorption at 298 K on Ti film. Both Ti and Ti oxide films were then covered in situ by a very thin Au layer. Analysis was performed in a separate system after long-term exposure of the films to air. SEM analysis revealed a much smaller size grain on the Au coated Ti films than on Ti films not coated with a Au layer. The thin gold layers covering the Ti surface prevent an extensive air interaction with Ti film. The analysis of the features of the Ti Auger spectra during the sputter profile measurements allow to characterise the chemical nature of Ti-oxide formed in Ti/Au interface region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051479
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential flow analysis coupled with ACSV for on-line monitoring of cobalt in the marine environment (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 358 (1997), S. 703-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The development of a compact instrument for on-line measurement of trace metals in seawater is described. The system is based on adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (ACSV), and on the concept of sequential flow analysis, to perform on-line measurements with controlled perturbation of natural equilibria of the element. The design combines a low volume flow cell with a miniature solenoid pump and valves to achieve low power consumption. The flow segmentation is time-controlled and the detection step takes place in a well-defined part of the flow stream where reagent and sample occur mixed. The system was tested on the determination of cobalt in seawater but it is likely that the same technique can be used to determine other metals detectable by CSV. The determination range was 6–1050 pmol/L cobalt with a detection limit (3σ) of 6 pmol/L. The measurement rate was about 60 h–1. Comparative measurements were carried out using continuous flow analysis. The apparatus was used continuously on board a ship to determine the distribution pattern of cobalt in surface waters off the coast of California.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050495
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The long QT syndrome: a novel missense mutation in the S6 region of the KVLQT1 gene (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 100 (1997), S. 356-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Romano Ward long QT syndrome (LQTS) has an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Patients suffer from syncopal attacks often resulting in sudden cardiac death. The main diagnostic parameter is a prolonged QT(c) interval as judged by electro-cardiographic investigation. LQTS is a genetically heterogeneous disease with four loci having been identified to date: chromosome 11p15.5 (LQT1), 7q35–36 (LQT2), 3p21–24 (LQT3) and 4q25–26 (LQT4). The corresponding genes code for potassium channels KVLQT1 (LQT1)and HERG (LQT2) and the sodium channel SCN5A (LQT3). The KVLQT1 gene is characterized by six transmembrane domains (S1– S6), a pore region situated between the S5 and S6 domains and a C-terminal domain accounting for approximately 60% of the channel. This domain is thought to be co-associated with another protein, viz. minK (minimal potassium channel). We have studied a Romano Ward family with several affected individuals showing a severe LQTS phenotype (syncopes and occurrence of sudden death). Most affected individuals had considerable prolongations of QT(c). By using haplotyping with a set of markers covering the four LQT loci, strong linkage was established to the LQT1 locus, whereas the other loci (LQT2, LQT3 and LQT4) could be excluded. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing were used to screen the KVLQT1 gene for mutations in the S1–S6 region, including the pore domain. We identified a Gly-216-Arg substitution in the S6 transmembrane domain of KVLQT1. The mutation was present in all affected family members but absent in normal control individuals, providing evidence that the mutated KVLQT1-gene product indeed caused LQTS in this family. The mutated KVLQT1-gene product thus probably results in a dominant negative suppression of channel activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050516
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increasing awareness of and behaviour towards periconceptional folic acid consumption in The Netherlands from 1994 to 1995 (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 329-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Folic acid ; Neural tube defects ; Public health education ; Awareness ; Behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: In November 1993, Dutch health authorities advised that women planning a pregnancy should take folic acid in the periconceptional period to reduce the risk of fetal neural tube defects. In the autumn of 1995 a national campaign was organized to inform women and health care professionals in a systematic way. Methods: We assessed the awareness and behaviour of women at their first or second antenatal visit in two surveys in the spring of 1994 and the autumn of 1995, in order to evaluate the impact of non-systematic information during that period, and to collect baseline data to evaluate the effect of the national folic acid campaign. The two surveys were carried out in the north and the west of The Netherlands. Results: The proportion of women who had heard of folic acid increased from 28% to 78%. The proportion that used folic acid during any period in pregnancy increased from 7.8% to 26%. The proportion that took folic acid tablets during the whole of the recommended period increased from 0.8 to 4.4%. In the group of women who did not take folic acid, the proportion who did “not like to use anything during pregnancy” decreased, as did the proportion who did “not think it is useful”. Conclusion: In The Netherlands, non-systematic information about periconceptional folic acid use has already led to significant changes in awareness and behaviour before the start of the national folic acid campaign.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050468
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and effects of formoterol fumarate in healthy human subjects after oral dosing (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 463-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Eosinophils ; Formoterol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effects of formoterol after oral administration on plasma eosinophils and plasma potassium in healthy subjects. Methods: Plasma concentrations of formoterol, peripheral eosinophil count and plasma potassium were determined during 7 h after oral administration of 168 μg of formoterol to eight healthy subjects. Descriptions of the concentration-time course of formoterol are given using a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order absorption in four subjects and a two-compartment model in the other four subjects. Effects on potassium and eosinophils are described using pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modelling with the `effect-compartment' approach. Results: The values of the kinetic parameters were: Ka: 6.9 (h−1), t ½ 8.5 (h), AUC: 741 (pg · h−1 · l−1), V area/f: 1470 (l). Formoterol concentrations were related to dynamic data using a sigmoid E max model. Conclusion: Plasma concentrations of formoterol can be measured in plasma of healthy subjects after oral administration. These data can be used for describing concentration-effect relations with respect to plasma potassium and eosinophils. With comparable EC 50 values for the two effects, remarkable differences were found for k e 0 and n values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050494
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