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  • *Extraterrestrial Environment  (7)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Copernicus
  • Oxford University Press
  • 1995-1999  (7)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (7)
  • Copernicus
  • Oxford University Press
Years
  • 1995-1999  (7)
Year
  • 1
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    Overview of the Mars Pathfinder mission and assessment of landing site predictions (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-12-31
    Description: Chemical analyses returned by Mars Pathfinder indicate that some rocks may be high in silica, implying differentiated parent materials. Rounded pebbles and cobbles and a possible conglomerate suggest fluvial processes that imply liquid water in equilibrium with the atmosphere and thus a warmer and wetter past. The moment of inertia indicates a central metallic core of 1300 to 2000 kilometers in radius. Composite airborne dust particles appear magnetized by freeze-dried maghemite stain or cement that may have been leached from crustal materials by an active hydrologic cycle. Remote-sensing data at a scale of generally greater than approximately 1 kilometer and an Earth analog correctly predicted a rocky plain safe for landing and roving with a variety of rocks deposited by catastrophic floods that are relatively dust-free.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Golombek, M P -- Cook, R A -- Economou, T -- Folkner, W M -- Haldemann, A F -- Kallemeyn, P H -- Knudsen, J M -- Manning, R M -- Moore, H J -- Parker, T J -- Rieder, R -- Schofield, J T -- Smith, P H -- Vaughan, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Dec 5;278(5344):1743-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9388167" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Geologic Sediments ; Magnetics ; *Mars ; Water
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Results from the Mars Pathfinder camera (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997
    Description: Images of the martian surface returned by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) show a complex surface of ridges and troughs covered by rocks that have been transported and modified by fluvial, aeolian, and impact processes. Analysis of the spectral signatures in the scene (at 440- to 1000-nanometer wavelength) reveal three types of rock and four classes of soil. Upward-looking IMP images of the predawn sky show thin, bluish clouds that probably represent water ice forming on local atmospheric haze (opacity approximately 0.5). Haze particles are about 1 micrometer in radius and the water vapor column abundance is about 10 precipitable micrometers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, P H -- Bell, J F 3rd -- Bridges, N T -- Britt, D T -- Gaddis, L -- Greeley, R -- Keller, H U -- Herkenhoff, K E -- Jaumann, R -- Johnson, J R -- Kirk, R L -- Lemmon, M -- Maki, J N -- Malin, M C -- Murchie, S L -- Oberst, J -- Parker, T J -- Reid, R J -- Sablotny, R -- Soderblom, L A -- Stoker, C -- Sullivan, R -- Thomas, N -- Tomasko, M G -- Wegryn, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Dec 5;278(5344):1758-65.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. psmith@lpl.arizona.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9388170" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; Ice ; *Mars ; Minerals ; *Water ; Wind
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    The Mars Pathfinder atmospheric structure investigation/meteorology (ASI/MET) experiment (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-12-31
    Description: The Mars Pathfinder atmospheric structure investigation/meteorology (ASI/MET) experiment measured the vertical density, pressure, and temperature structure of the martian atmosphere from the surface to 160 km, and monitored surface meteorology and climate for 83 sols (1 sol = 1 martian day = 24.7 hours). The atmospheric structure and the weather record are similar to those observed by the Viking 1 lander (VL-1) at the same latitude, altitude, and season 21 years ago, but there are differences related to diurnal effects and the surface properties of the landing site. These include a cold nighttime upper atmosphere; atmospheric temperatures that are 10 to 12 degrees kelvin warmer near the surface; light slope-controlled winds; and dust devils, identified by their pressure, wind, and temperature signatures. The results are consistent with the warm, moderately dusty atmosphere seen by VL-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schofield, J T -- Barnes, J R -- Crisp, D -- Haberle, R M -- Larsen, S -- Magalhaes, J A -- Murphy, J R -- Seiff, A -- Wilson, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Dec 5;278(5344):1752-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉J. T. Schofield and D. Crisp, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9388169" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; Carbon Dioxide ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Mars ; Pressure ; Temperature ; Wind
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    HST imaging of atmospheric phenomena created by the impact of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-03
    Description: Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images reveal major atmospheric changes created by the collision of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter. Plumes rose to 3000 kilometers with ejection velocities on the order of 10 kilometers second-1; some plumes were visible in the shadow of Jupiter before rising into sunlight. During some impacts, the incoming bolide may have been detected. Impact times were on average about 8 minutes later than predicted. Atmospheric waves were seen with a wave front speed of 454 +/- 20 meters second-1. The HST images reveal impact site evolution and record the overall change in Jupiter's appearance as a result of the bombardment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hammel, H B -- Beebe, R F -- Ingersoll, A P -- Orton, G S -- Mills, J R -- Simon, A A -- Chodas, P -- Clarke, J T -- De Jong, E -- Dowling, T E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 3;267(5202):1288-96.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7871425" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Jupiter ; *Solar System
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    HST far-ultraviolet imaging of Jupiter during the impacts of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-03
    Description: Hubble Space Telescope far-ultraviolet images of Jupiter during the Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacts show the impact regions darkening over the 2 to 3 hours after the impact, becoming darker and more extended than at longer wavelengths, which indicates that ultraviolet-absorbing gases or aerosols are more extended, more absorbing, and at higher altitudes than the absorbers of visible light. Transient auroral emissions were observed near the magnetic conjugate point of the K impact site just after that impact. The global auroral activity was fainter than average during the impacts, and a variable auroral emission feature was observed inside the southern auroral oval preceding the impacts of fragments Q1 and Q2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clarke, J T -- Prange, R -- Ballester, G E -- Trauger, J -- Evans, R -- Rego, D -- Stapelfeldt, K -- Ip, W -- Gerard, J C -- Hammel, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 3;267(5202):1302-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Space Physics Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7871427" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Jupiter ; *Solar System
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Auroral signature of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 in the jovian magnetosphere (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-03
    Description: The electrodynamic interaction of the dust and gas comae of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with the jovian magnetosphere was unique and different from the atmospheric effects. Early theoretical predictions of auroral-type processes on the comet magnetic field line and advanced modeling of the time-varying morphology of these lines allowed dedicated observations with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 and resulted in the detection of a bright auroral spot. In that respect, this observation of the surface signature of an externally triggered auroral process can be considered as a "magnetospheric active experiment" on Jupiter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prange, R -- Engle, I M -- Clarke, J T -- Dunlop, M -- Ballester, G E -- Ip, W H -- Maurice, S -- Trauger, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 3;267(5202):1317-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS-Universite Paris XI, Orsay, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7871430" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Jupiter ; Magnetics ; *Solar System
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Response of the Io plasma torus to comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-03-03
    Description: Spectroscopic and imaging observations of the Io plasma torus were made in June and July 1994 in conjunction with the encounter of periodic comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter. Characteristic emissions from sulfur and oxygen ions showed a decline of about 30 percent in the extreme ultraviolet and an increase of about 40 percent in the far ultraviolet relative to preimpact observations. Changes in the extreme ultraviolet may be indicative of small changes in the torus electron temperature as a result of quenching of electrons by dust associated with the comet passage. However, no new emission features indicative of fragment dust within the torus were detected. The characteristic torus morphology seen in ground-based imaging was typical of that observed in the past.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGrath, M A -- Hall, D T -- Matheson, P L -- Weaver, H A -- Trauger, J T -- Smith, T E -- Thomas, N -- Gladstone, R -- Schneider, N M -- Harris, W M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Mar 3;267(5202):1313-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7871429" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Extraterrestrial Environment ; *Jupiter ; Magnetics ; *Solar System ; Sulfur/analysis ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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