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  • Springer  (76)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (62)
  • 1935-1939  (1)
  • 1920-1924  (1)
  • 1905-1909  (16)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One- and two-dimensional simulations of ultra-short-pulse reflectometry (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1238-1243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Ultra-short-pulse reflectometry is studied by means of the numerical integration of one- and two-dimensional full-wave equations for ordinary and extraordinary modes propagating in a plasma. The numerical calculations illustrate the use of the reflection of ultra-short-pulse microwaves as an effective probe of the density or magnetic profile in the presence of density or magnetic fluctuations in the plasma. Bragg resonance effects can be identified in the reflected signals, which give information on fluctuations. It is also demonstrated that ultra-short-pulse reflectometry can be used to perform correlation reflectometry measurements in which correlation lengths for density fluctuations are deduced from the observed cross-correlation function of phase shifts as a function of frequency. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147896
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One- and two-dimensional simulations of ultra-short-pulse reflectometry (abstract) : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 477-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Ultra-short-pulse reflectometry is studied by means of the numerical integration of one- and two-dimensional full-wave equations for ordinary and extraordinary modes propagating in a plasma. The numerical calculations illustrate the use of the reflection of ultra-short-pulse microwaves as an effective probe of the density or magnetic profile in the presence of density or magnetic fluctuations in the plasma. Bragg resonance effects can be identified in the reflected signals, which give information on fluctuations. It is also demonstrated that ultra-short-pulse reflectometry can be used to perform correlation reflectometry measurements in which correlation lengths for density fluctuations are deduced from the observed cross-correlation function of phase shifts as a function of frequency. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148224
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of variable property, compressible mixing layers in binary gas mixtures (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 8 (1996), S. 1945-1953 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the results of a study of the structure of a parallel compressible mixing layer in a binary mixture of gases. The gases included in this study are hydrogen (H2), helium (He), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), neon (Ne) and argon (Ar). Profiles of the variation of the Lewis and Prandtl numbers across the mixing layer for all 30 combinations of gases are given. It is shown that the Lewis number can vary by as much as a factor of 8 and the Prandtl number by a factor of 2 across the mixing layer. Thus assuming constant values for the Lewis and Prandtl numbers of a binary gas mixture in the shear layer, as is done in many theoretical studies, is a poor approximation. We also present profiles of the velocity, mass fraction, temperature and density for representative binary gas mixtures at zero and supersonic Mach numbers. We show that the shape of these profiles is strongly dependent on which gases are in the mixture as well as on whether the denser gas is in the fast stream or the slow stream. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural network models of potential energy surfaces (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 4129-4137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Neural networks provide an efficient, general interpolation method for nonlinear functions of several variables. This paper describes the use of feed-forward neural networks to model global properties of potential energy surfaces from information available at a limited number of configurations. As an initial demonstration of the method, several fits are made to data derived from an empirical potential model of CO adsorbed on Ni(111). The data are error-free and geometries are selected from uniform grids of two and three dimensions. The neural network model predicts the potential to within a few hundredths of a kcal/mole at arbitrary geometries. The accuracy and efficiency of the neural network in practical calculations are demonstrated in quantum transition state theory rate calculations for surface diffusion of CO/Ni(111) using a Monte Carlo/path integral method. The network model is much faster to evaluate than the original potential from which it is derived. As a more complex test of the method, the interaction potential of H2 with the Si(100)-2×1 surface is determined as a function of 12 degrees of freedom from energies calculated with the local density functional method at 750 geometries. The training examples are not uniformly spaced and they depend weakly on variables not included in the fit. The neural net model predicts the potential at geometries outside the training set with a mean absolute deviation of 2.1 kcal/mole. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469597
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multivariate nonhomogeneous refinement equations (1999)
    Springer
    The journal of Fourier analysis and applications 5 (1999), S. 589-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5851
    Keywords: 42C15 ; 39B99 ; multivariate ; nonhomogeneous ; refinement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of compactly supported distribution solutionsf=(f 1,...,f r)T of nonhomogeneous refinement equations of the form $$f(x) = h(x) + \sum\limits_{\alpha \in A} {c_\alpha f(2x - \alpha )(x \in R^s )} $$ , where h=(h1,...,hr)Tis a compactly supported vector-valued multivariate distribution, A⊂Z+ s has compact support, and the coefficientsc α are real-valued r×r matrices. In particular, we find a finite dimensional matrix B, constructed from the coefficientsc α of the equation (I−B)q=p, where the vectorp depends on h. Our proofs proceed in the time domain and allow us to represent each solution regardless of the spectral radius of P(0):=2−s∑c α , which has been a difficulty in previous investigations of this nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01257193
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cooking Oil: A Home Fire Hazard in Alberta, Canada (1997)
    Springer
    Fire technology 33 (1997), S. 140-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Canada ; Alberta ; cooking equipment ; cooking oil ; fire injuries ; smoke point ; flash point ; fire hazard ; fire statistics ; prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract This paper begins with a brief statistical analysis to establish the significant contribution of cooking equipment fires to fire losses and injuries in Canadian homes. Due to lack of comprehensive fire loss data for Canadian homes, further analysis is focused on Alberta data. The most frequent ignition scenario, based on a top-down analysis of Alberta home fires, was the ignition of overheated cooking oil in pots, deep-fat fryers, or pans heated on stove tops. These fires also accounted for the majority of home fire injuries. Fire characteristics of cooking oils, which point to the importance of maintaining oil temperatures below their flash points, and thermostatically controlled deep-fat fryers as the best available solution to the problem are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015395001403
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Komplexe Zusammenhänge zwischen Eigenschaften und Strukturparametern von Elektrodengläsern (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 839-850 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Electrode glasses ; Principal Component Analysis ; Cluster analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Cluster Analysis has been shown to be partially suitable for the classification of glasses. The expansion of the clusters on theSeger's diagram allows an investigation of the influence of the different glass components. Variation of the SiO2 content results in a smaller change of properties than variation of the Na2O/RO relationship. Principal Component Analysis is convenient for showing correlations between the composition of the examined glasses, the glass structure parameters, and the different electrode properties. Properties of electrodes are mostly influenced by the content of Na2O and by the kind of the divalent cations. In contrast thereto structure parameters become basically determined by the content of SiO2 and RO. The field strength of the divalent cations plays the decisive roll again.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00811003
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Size upon Metal Content of Lobster (Thenus orientalis) from the Kuwait Marine Environment (1998)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 61 (1998), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900745
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced Evolvability in Immunoglobulin V Genes Under Somatic Hypermutation (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 49 (1999), S. 23-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Genome evolution — Adaptability — Somatic hypermutation — Affinity maturation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Darwinian theory requires that mutations be produced in a nonanticipatory manner; it is nonetheless consistent to suggest that mutations that have repeatedly led to nonviable phenotypes would be introduced less frequently than others—if under appropriate genetic control. Immunoglobulins produced during infection acquire point mutations that are subsequently selected for improved binding to the eliciting antigen. We and others have speculated that an enhancement of mutability in the complementarity-determining regions (CDR; where mutations have a greater chance of being advantageous) and/or decrement of mutability in the framework regions (FR; where mutations are more likely to be lethal) may be accomplished by differential codon usage in concert with the known sequence specificity of the hypermutation mechanism. We have examined 115 nonproductively rearranged human Ig sequences. The mutation patterns in these unexpressed genes are unselected and therefore directly reflect inherent mutation biases. Using a χ2 test, we have shown that the number of mutations in the CDRs is significantly higher than the number of mutations found in the FRs, providing direct evidence for the hypothesis that mutations are preferentially targeted into the CDRs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006530
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A restructured fusion energy sciences program: Advisory report (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 15 (1996), S. 183-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02266933
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