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  • Chemistry  (19)
  • Capillary network  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (19)
  • 1960-1964  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of TiN films prepared by electron shower, arc ion-plating and sputtering methods (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 5 (1995), S. 191-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: TiN ; adhesion ; PVD ; electron shower ; arc ion plating ; sputtering ; wear ; surface ; morphology ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: It has been found that TiN films with high wear resistance and high adhesion can be prepared by electron shower deposition and arc ion plating on glass and austenitic stainless steel (SUS 316) substrates. The high wear resistance is principally explained by the grain size and surface morphology. Fine {100}-faceted crystals (10-150 nm) grew on the surface. The typical morphology of the crystals was triangular pyramidal. The crystallite size was changed by the bias voltage. Faceted crystals produced by arc ion plating were rounded and smoothed by a change in bias, but were unaltered in samples prepared by the electron shower process. The fine faceted surfaces had higher wear resistance than the granularly rounded ones. When TiO2 was formed at the interface of the glass substrate, the adhesion was lowered. The high-adhesion film prepared by electron shower deposition contained a small amount of TiO2 at the interface.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860050403
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental sequence of bone-resorbing cells induced by intramuscular implantation of mineral-containing bone particles into rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Osteoclasts ; Bone resorption ; Acid phosphatase ; Capillary network ; Rainbow trout, Oncohynchus mykiss (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mineral-containing bone particles (BPs) were implanted intramuscularly into rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to investigate the sequence of appearance of bone-resorbing cells. A fibrous substance first surrounded the implanted BPs and was gradually replaced by connective tissue containing capillaries. Two weeks after BP implantation, relatively small multinucleated cells (type-1 cells), whose cytoplasm stained deeply with hematoxylin, appeared along the surfaces of the BPs. At later stages (after 4–8 weeks), the majority of cells which appeared to be resorbing the BPs were multinucleated cells whose cytoplasm stained deeply with eosin (type-2 cells). Type-2 cells contained more nuclei than type-1 cells. Electron-microscopical observations revealed that type-2 cells had the characteristic features of osteoclasts: the presence of numerous mitochondria, vacuoles and granules, and a differentiation of the cell membrane and cytoplasm into a ruffled border and clear zone, respectively. A tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, which is an established characteristic of osteoclasts in terrestrial vertebrates, but which had not previously been examined in teleosts, was demonstrated histochemically in the type-2 cells. Development of type-2 cells was closely correlated with the development of connective tissue. These findings suggest that the development of a capillary network around the implanted BPs enables circulating osteoclast-progenitors to reach the surface of the BPs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304520
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental sequence of bone-resorbing cells induced by intramuscular implantation of mineral-containing bone particles into rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Osteoclasts ; Bone resorption ; Acid phosphatase ; Capillary network ; Rainbow trout ; Oncorhynchusmykiss (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Mineral-containing bone particles (BPs) were implanted intramuscularly into rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to investigate the sequence of appearance of bone-resorbing cells. A fibrous substance first surrounded the implanted BPs and was gradually replaced by connective tissue containing capillaries. Two weeks after BP implantation, relatively small multinucleated cells (type-1 cells), whose cytoplasm stained deeply with hematoxylin, appeared along the s urfaces of the BPs. At later stages (after 4–8 weeks), the majority of cells which appeared to be resorbing the BPs were multinucleated cells whose cytoplasm stained deeply with eosin (type-2 cells). Type-2 cells contained more nuclei than type-1 cells. Electron-microscopical observations revealed that type-2 cells had the characteristic features of osteoclasts: the presence of numerous mitochondria, vacuoles and granules, and a differentiation of the cell membrane and cytoplasm into a ruffled border and clear zone, respectively. A tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, which is an established characteristic of osteoclasts in terrestrial vertebrates, but which had not previously been examined in teleosts, was demonstrated histochemically in the type-2 cells. Development of type-2 cells was closely correlated with the development of connective tissue. These findings suggest that the development of a capillary network around the implanted BPs enables circulating osteoclast-progenitors to reach the surface of the BPs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304520
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution viscosity behavior of polystyrene-based cationic ionomers: Effects of quaternary-group structure and counter ion (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 2449-2454 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: cationic ionomers ; polystyrene-based ionomers ; solution viscosity ; quaternary salts ; solvation ; aggregation of ionic groups ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dilute solution viscosity was investigated for several polystyrene-based cationic io-nomers. It was found that intramolecular aggregation among the ionic groups was strongly dependent on the sizes of quaternary onium groups and counter anions. The extent of the aggregation was controled by the solvent polarity and the solvation to the ionic groups. When there was a strong selective soivation to small counter ions, the structure of onium groups shows a minor effect on the viscosity behavior, indicating little aggregation among the ionic groups. A strong solvation to small quaternary cations also eliminates the intra-molecular aggregation and the influence of counter ions was barely observable. When the selective solvation to counter ions was disabled by the enlarged size of the counter ions, however, the viscosity depended on onium group structure or spacer chain length. If the solvent solvates neither counter ions nor quaternary groups, the smaller the sizes of onium cation and counter anion, the lower the reduced viscosity due to an enhancement of the ionic aggregate formation. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080331418
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of polymers in aqueous solutions: Polyaddition of bis(oxazolines) with dithiol in aqueous solutions (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 2711-2717 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: reaction medium ; aqueous solution ; water ; polyaddition ; m-phenylenebis(2-oxazoline) ; p-phenylenebis(2-oxazoline) ; 1,4-butylenebis(2-oxazoline) ; bis(4-mercaptophenyl) sulfide ; poly(amide - sulfide) ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polyaddition of bis(4-mercaptophenyl) sulfide (BMPS) with m-phenylenebis(2-oxazoline) (MPBO) proceeded very smoothly in the mixtures of aprotic ploar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) with water to produce the corresponding poly(amide-sulfide) with high molecular weights at 90°C under nitrogen. The reaction of BMPS with MPBO, p-phenylenebis(2-oxazoline), and 1,4-butylenebis(2-oxazoline) was also examined in water under the same conditions, and it was found that the reaction proceeds successfully to give the corresponding poly(amide-sulfide)s with high molecular weights. These results mean that water along as well as the mixed solvents of aprotic polar solvents such as NMP with water can be uses as suitable reaction media for the polyaddition of bis(oxazolines) with dithiol to synthesize poly(amide - sulfide)s with high molecular weights. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 2711-2717, 1997
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition metal oxide films (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 7 (1995), S. 312-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19950070315
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of Neuritogenic Active Ganglioside from the Sea Cucumber   Stichopus japonicus (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 3171-3174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Glycosphingolipid ; Ganglioside ; Sea cucumber ; Stichopus japonicus ; Neuritogenic activity ; Natural products ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A ganglioside molecular species SJG-1 has been obtained from the n-hexane soluble lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structure of SJG-1 has been determined. SJG-1 possesses an N-glycolylneuraminic acid (sialic acid), nonhydroxy fatty acids and phytosphingosine-type long-chain bases as major ceramide components. The ganglioside SJG-1 exhibits neuritogenic activity toward the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 cells in the presence of NGF.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A constitutive theory for polypropylene in cyclic deformation (1995)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 1461-1467 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The shape of the hysteresis loop has been studied for polypropylene subjected to different cyclic loadings. Cyclic tests were performed under different sets of cyclic strain amplitude and number of cycles, using a closed-loop, electrohydraulic, servocontrolled testing machine. A constitutive theory is developed for the interpretation of loop shape behavior in terms of elastic, perfectly plastic materials of different yield strengths. The constitutive equation is based on a simple overlay model of bar elements. The calculated results agree well with experiments, which indicates the distictive shape of the hysteresis loop, termed a propelled-like shape. The truss model reasonably explains the cyclic deformation behavior in polypropylene.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760351806
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoluminescence of polysiloxane containing mesogenic 4-cyanobiphenyl in solution (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 2059-2065 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: side-chain liquid crystalline polymer ; polysiloxane ; fluorescence ; excimer ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescent characteristics of polysiloxane containing pendant mesogenic 4-cyanobiphenyl (CB) and its monomeric analogues were studied in THF solution. An excimer formation was observed, and the increase in CB content in polysiloxane induced the increase in the fluorescence intensity from the excimers. The fluorescence decays were analyzed by triexponential function. A high CB content induced small decay rates, indicating the decrease of nonradiational decay. Such suppression of the nonradiation decay in higher CB content was explained by a strong mesogenic interaction between CB groups in solution. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration quenching of photoluminescent Ru(bpy)2+3 dispersed in a polysiloxane film containing 2,2′-bipyridine pendant groups in dependence of molecular distribution (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 196 (1995), S. 1241-1250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The photoluminescent Ru(bpy)2+3 complex was dispersed in a polysiloxane film containing 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) pendant groups. The unusually long photoluminescence lifetime of the Ru(bpy)2+3 (1,94 μs at 25°C) and the blue-shifted photoluminescent wavelength suggest a rigid polymer matrix. The fluorescence yield becomes lower with higher probe concentration, indicating concentration quenching. According to the analysis based on Stern-Volmer plots, the quenching obeys a mechanism composed of both static and dynamic processes. A statistical intermolecular distance distribution between the probes was used to interpret the results in terms of static and dynamic quenching. It is shown that in the present system the dispersed complexes diffuse slightly during the excited state.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1995.021960423
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