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  • 1995-1999  (96)
  • 1970-1974  (40)
  • 1940-1944  (2)
  • 1925-1929  (1)
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  • 1
    Call number: PIK Q 200-97-0094
    In: ZIB-Report SC
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 38 p.
    Series Statement: ZIB-Report SC 96-57
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 2
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    In:  EPIC3In: Hempel, I. & Hempel, G. (eds), Biologie der Polarmeere, Gustav Fischer, Jena, pp. 322-331
    Publication Date: 2014-04-15
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 1012-1014 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: For the European spallation source, a volume source based on the high efficiency source is being developed. The source will be optimized to produce high current densities in pulsed operation. A pulse generator delivering 1–1.5 ms pulses was installed. Furthermore, cesium was supplied to the plasma generator from an external oven. The cesium injection was optimized for a low e/H− ratio and a high current. We obtained a current density of 70 mA/cm2. This way, with an aperture radius of 4.25 mm, an H− current of 40 mA was extracted at an extraction voltage of 22 kV. After a description of the source and the experimental setup, measurements of the beam current density and the e/H− ratio will be presented in this article. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 2698-2706 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Among the various possibilities for investigating the properties of ion beams, two of the most important principles for determining the beam quality are profile measurements using wires or slit apertures, and different kinds of emittance measurement devices. However, most of the commonly used systems have the disadvantage of being either destructive to the beam, or at least to have a considerable influence on the further beam propagation downstream of the point of measurement. Also, for the investigation of intense ion beams, thermal problems on the scanners themselves might arise. Observation of particles emitted from the ion beam in radial direction allow an indirect but nondestructive observation of the beam. Of the different optical methods that exist to accomplish this, we recently conducted an investigation on the possibilities to employ a charge coupled device-camera system for such nondestructive beam diagnostics in our space-charge compensation test stand. First, experimental results on optical profile measurements are presented and compared to results obtained by a slit scanner and a wire scanner. Additionally, to gain a better understanding of the measured data, optically obtained sectional profiles behind a slit and a circular aperture were analyzed. Possibilities for gaining information on the two-dimensional beam profile and the beam emittance are explored. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1039-1041 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new version of the high efficiency source is being developed for the European Spallation Source. The goal of these experiments is to produce a nearly pure H− ion beam with a low electron to H− ratio and high current (70 mA). To achieve this, the discharge chamber is divided into two parts of different plasma parameters by means of a filter magnetic field. Furthermore, the plasma chamber is aligned unsymmetrically with respect to the z axis of the extractor. We obtained a current density of 10 mA/cm2 for an arc power as small as 1 kW. In preliminary experiments, a beam of 10 mA was extracted at an extraction voltage of 8 kV (1.8% impurities). Measurements of the beam current density, electron to H− ratio, and the ion composition for a wide range of discharge conditions will be presented in this article. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1054-1056 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A volume source, based on the high efficiency ion source (HIEFS), is being developed for D+ production in steady state operation. The source will be optimized for the extraction of atomic deuterium ions with high current densities. It was found that a maximum deuterium ion beam current density of 210 mA/cm2 can be achieved with a D+ fraction above 90%. At an extraction voltage of 35 kV and with an aperture radius of 4 mm, the source delivers 61 mA D+. After a description of the source and the experimental setup, the results of detailed studies of the beam composition in dependence of the plasma parameters are presented. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 1066-1068 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A volume source based on the high efficiency source is being developed for heavy ion production. Bismuth was chosen for exemplifying investigations because of its low melting point. The ion source is driven by an arc discharge ionizing bismuth atoms which are evaporated from an oven inside the source chamber. It has been optimized to produce a beam with a fraction of singly ionized bismuth above 92%. A multiaperture extraction system was built consisting of seven holes with a radius of 3 mm each. For that system, the perveance limit was achieved at a beam current of 70 mA and an extraction voltage of 27.5 kV. The corresponding emission current density amounts to 35 mA/cm2. This value was obtained for an arc power of only 280 W. Furthermore, the emittance of a beam extracted from the multiaperture extraction system has been determined with a high power emittance scanner. It amounts to 0.27π mm mrad (80%, normalized, 4 rms). In this case, the emittance of a single beam is 0.017π mm mrad. This article will give a detailed description of both the source and the experimental setup. In addition, various dependencies between the plasma parameters and the beam composition are presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 28 (1995), S. 1003-1007 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 226 (1970), S. 1029-1033 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In vitro studies using antisera to each of the two E. coli release factors, R1 and R2, show that these factors mediate release of complete proteins. Either factor can terminate R17 coat protein or R17 RNA ...
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 113 (1972), S. 170-190 
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. 29 garden warblers(Sylvia borin) and 27 blackcaps(S. atricapilla) were kept for 3 years in 3 constant photoperiods (LD 10 : 14, LD 12 : 12, and LD 16 : 8). Most of the birds were taken from the nest at an age of 2–9 days and then raised by hand. Data on body weight, nocturnal restlessness and molt were recorded throughout the experiment. With the exception of 4 garden warblers and 5 blackcaps all birds exhibited an endogenous annual rhythm in at least one of the 3 processes investigated (fig. 1, 2). The average period length of this rhythm deviated with about 320 days in both species from that of the natural year to such an extent that it seems extremely unlikely to be caused by uncontrolled environmental factors (fig. 6, 5). It may therefore be called circannual. 2. Garden warblers hat a persistent circannual rhythmicity in all 3 processes throughout the 3 year experiment. Only few blackcaps, in contrast, showed to some extent rhythms in body weight (fig. 3, 8). Further, by the end of the second year, the rhythm of nocturnal restlessness and molt ceased in all blackcaps which were kept in LD 16 : 8 (fig. 2). These and other similar observations suggest that the endogenous control of the processes investigated is less rigid in the blackcap than in the garden warbler. In addition they indicate that long-day conditions are less favourable for the expression of endogenous annual rhythms than short-day conditions or an LD 12 : 12 in these species. 3. Onsets and ends of the processes investigated were initially clear but became less obvious as the experiment progressed (fig. 4). In all cases molt was the best indicator of a circannual periodicity. 4. There were changes in the phase-relationships between the processes investigated, mainly during the second part of the experiment. This could lead to inversions of the sequence in which the processes normally proceed (fig. 1). Such observations might indicate that the processes are controlled by more than one circannual rhythm. Several anomalies (e. g., the fact that wing and tail feathers were sometimes replaced during a molt in which normally only the body feathers are renewed) can be explained on the basis of such an assumption. 5. There were minor differences between the 4 experimental groups and small differences between the two species in the average duration of the second and third period under constant conditions. In contrast, the duration of the first period varied as a function of the photoperiod to which the birds were transferred (fig. 1, 2, 6, 7). This shows that changes of the photoperiodic condition have an effect on the phase of the circannual rhythms.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. 29 Gartengrasmücken(Sylvia borin) und 27 Mönchsgrasmücken(S. atricapilla), zum größten Teil handaufgezogen, sind 3 Jahre lang in 3 konstanten Licht-Dunkel-Verhältnissen (LD 10 : 14, LD 12 : 12 und LD 16 : 8) gehalten und auf die Jahresperiodik des Körpergewichtes, der Nachtunruhe und der Mauser untersucht worden. Mit Ausnahme von 5 Mönchsgrasmücken und 4 Gartengrasmücken haben alle Vögel eine endogene Jahresperiodik in wenigstens einem der 3 untersuchten Vorgänge gezeigt. Die mittlere Dauer der endogenen Periodik ist bei beiden Arten mit ungefähr 320 Tagen erheblich von der Dauer des natürlichen Jahres abgewichen, womit nachgewiesen ist, daß die untersuchten Rhythmen nicht durch unkontrollierte jahresperiodische Umweltfaktoren verursacht worden sind. Sie können deshalb circannual genannt werden. 2. Bei den Gartengrasmücken hat die Periodik aller 3 Vorgänge unter allen Versuchsbedingungen über die gesamte Versuchszeit von 3 Jahren fortbestanden. Die Mönchsgrasmücken sind hingegen im LD 16 : 8 vom Ende des 2. Versuchsjahres an im Hinblick auf alle 3 Vorgänge arhythmisch gewesen. Nur bei wenigen Mönchsgrasmücken ist eine Periodik des Körpergewichtes über die gesamte Versuchszeit angedeutet gewesen, obwohl freilebende SW-deutsche Mönchsgrasmücken während des Wegzuges regelmäßig ihr Körpergewicht erhöhen. Diese und andere ähnliche Beobachtungen sprechen dafür, daß die endogene Kontrolle der untersuchten jahresperiodischen Vorgänge bei der Mönchsgrasmücke weniger starr ist als bei der Gartengrasmücke und daß die endogene Periodik unter Langtagbedingungen weniger gut zum Ausdruck kommt als unter den Bedingungen eines LD 10 : 14 und LD 12 : 12. 3. Mit fortschreitender Versuchsdauer hat bei beiden Arten die Erkennbarkeit der Anfänge und Enden der untersuchten jahresperiodischen Vorgänge abgenommen. Stets ist die Periodik der Mauser am deutlichsten zu erkennen gewesen. 4. Besonders gegen Ende der Versuchszeit ist es bei beiden Arten zu Änderungen der Phasenbeziehungen zwischen den untersuchten Vorgängen gekommen. Dies ist z. T. so weit gegangen, daß sich die Reihenfolge, in der diese Vorgänge normalerweise aufeinanderfolgen, umgekehrt hat. Solche Beobachtungen stehen im Einklang mit der Hypothese, daß die untersuchten Vorgänge von mehreren Rhythmen kontrolliert werden, welche unter konstanten Bedingungen ihre ursprüngliche Phasenbeziehung ändern. Verschiedene Anomalien (wie z. B. die Erneuerung des Großgefieders während Mausern, in denen normalerweise nur Kleingefieder erneuert wird) lassen sich mit einer solchen Annahme erklären. 5. Während die mittlere Dauer der 2. und 3. Periode in konstanten Bedingungen in Abhängigkeit von der Art und von der Versuchsgruppe nur wenig verschieden gewesen ist, hat die Dauer der ersten Periode von der Tageslichtdauer abgehangen, in welche die Vögel überführt worden sind. Dies zeigt, daß Änderungen der Tageslichtdauer einen Einfluß auf die Phasenlage der circannualen Periodik haben.
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