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  • Life Sciences (General)  (590)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (496)
  • Aircraft Stability and Control
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  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • 1995-1999  (822)
  • 1975-1979  (452)
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  • 1
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    Drug marker absorption in relation to pellet size, gastric motility and viscous meals in humans (1998)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate drug marker absorption in relation to the gastric emptying (GE) of 0.7 mm and 3.6 mm enteric coated pellets as a function of viscosity and the underlying gastric motility. METHODS: Twelve subjects were evaluated in a 3-way crossover study. 0.7 mm caffeine and 3.6 mm acetaminophen enteric coated pellets were concurrently administered with a viscous caloric meal at the levels of 4000, 6000 and 8000 cP. Gastric motility was simultaneously measured with antral manometry and compared to time events in the plasma profiles of the drug markers. RESULTS: Caffeine, from the 0.7 mm pellets, was observed significantly earlier in the plasma than acetaminophen, from the 3.6 mm pellets, at all levels of viscosity. Motility related size differentiated GE was consistently observed at all viscosity levels, however, less variability was observed with the 4000 cP meal. Specifically, the onset of absorption from the of 3.6 mm pellets correlated with the onset of Phase II fasted state contractions (r = 0.929, p 〈 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The timeframe of drug marker absorption and the onset of motility events were not altered within the range of viscosities evaluated. Rather, the differences in drug marker profiles from the non-digestible solids were most likely the result of the interaction between viscosity and motility influencing antral flow dynamics. The administration of the two sizes of pellets and a viscous caloric meal with subsequent monitoring of drug marker profiles is useful as a reference to assess the influence of motility patterns on the absorption profile of orally administered agents.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Pharmaceutical research (ISSN 0724-8741); 15; 2; 233-8
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GC-MS determination of catechin and epicatechin levels in human plasma (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 20 (1997), S. 621-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: GC-MS ; Catechin ; Epicatechin ; Flavonoids ; Plasma ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240201111
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    La résonance magnétique du 77Se dans des composés organiques (1976)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 8 (1976), S. 354-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 77Se n.m.r. spectra of twenty-six organoselenium compounds, including some with an endocyclic selenium atom, have been recorded. Our measurements complete the scale of chemical shifts previously established by McFarlane. It seems difficult to define a range of chemical shifts which is characteristic of the valency state of selenium or of its endo- or exocyclic position. Some results are discussed qualitatively. In the case of selenolo[2,3-b]thiophene, evidence has been obtained for a 4J[Se, H] coupling across the sulphur atom.
    Notes: La résonance magnétique du 77Se a été observée dans vingt-six composés organiques dont certains contiennent un atome de sélénium endocyclique. Nous avons pu ainsi compléter l'échelle de déplacements chimiques établie par McFarlane. II apparaît difficile de définir une gamme de déplacement chimique du 77Se caractéristique de son état de valence ou de sa position endo- ou exocyclique. Certains résultats sont discutés qualitativement. Dans le cas du sélénolo [2,3-b]thiophène, des arguments en faveur d'un couplage 4J(Se, H) à travers l'atome de soufre ont été découverts.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270080706
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A soft X-ray spectrometer for the study of plutonium and plutonium-based materialsWork performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, under contract number W-7405-ENG-48. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 7 (1978), S. 160-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A low-energy spectrometer for the X-ray analysis of plutonium and plutonium-containing materials has been built. We use ultra-thin window to maintain different pressures and contamination level in the spectrometers's sample and crystal chambers. Ultra-thin windows are also used on the X-ray tube and detector. Methods have been developed by which the spectrometer can analyze both metal and loose-powder samples. Representative calibration spectra are presented for the fluorine band in polyfluoroethylene, the oxygen band in α-Al2 O3, and the carbon band in graphite. Experimental spectra are presented for the fluorine band in PuF3 and for the oxygen ban in PuO2.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300070310
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational and configurational study of 1,3-dioxolanes by proton and carbon NMR spectroscopy (1995)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 33 (1995), S. 167-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 1,3-dioxolanes ; NOE ; vicinal proton-proton coupling ; configurational analysis ; conformational analysis ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The configurational and conformational properties of six 4-trimethylammoniummethyl 2,2-disubstituted 1,3-dioxolanes were studied using NOE experiments and vicinal coupling constants. Selective 1D NOE experiments proved to be effective tools in the configurational assignment of C-2 relative to C-4. The preferred conformation of the dioxolane ring and the exocyclic group at C-4 was obtained by employing vicinal coupling constants and NOE results. The 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts show stereochemically dependent trends. Quantitative analysis of conformer populations was performed using Haasnoot et al's equation. The —N+(CH3)3 group was found to be synclinal with respect to the heterocyclic O-3 atom and points outside the ring. When a phenyl group is present at C-2, the 4-CH2N+ -  group in a trans relationship to the 2-phenyl ring was found to occur prevalently in a pseudo-axial orientation, whereas it was established to be prevalently pseudo-equatorial when cis with respect to the phenyl ring.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260330303
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  • 6
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    Spaceflight alters microtubules and increases apoptosis in human lymphocytes (Jurkat) (1998)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Alteration in cytoskeletal organization appears to underlie mechanisms of gravity sensitivity in space-flown cells. Human T lymphoblastoid cells (Jurkat) were flown on the Space Shuttle to test the hypothesis that growth responsiveness is associated with microtubule anomalies and mediated by apoptosis. Cell growth was stimulated in microgravity by increasing serum concentration. After 4 and 48 h, cells filtered from medium were fixed with formalin. Post-flight, confocal microscopy revealed diffuse, shortened microtubules extending from poorly defined microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). In comparable ground controls, discrete microtubule filaments radiated from organized MTOCs and branched toward the cell membrane. At 4 h, 30% of flown, compared to 17% of ground, cells showed DNA condensation characteristic of apoptosis. Time-dependent increase of the apoptosis-associated Fas/ APO-1 protein in static flown, but not the in-flight 1 g centrifuged or ground controls, confirmed microgravity-associated apoptosis. By 48 h, ground cultures had increased by 40%. Flown populations did not increase, though some cells were cycling and actively metabolizing glucose. We conclude that cytoskeletal alteration, growth retardation, and metabolic changes in space-flown lymphocytes are concomitant with increased apoptosis and time-dependent elevation of Fas/APO-1 protein. We suggest that reduced growth response in lymphocytes during spaceflight is linked to apoptosis.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: The FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (ISSN 0892-6638); Volume 12; 11; 1007-18
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  • 7
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    Transport proteins of the plant plasma membrane (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Recently developed molecular and genetic approaches have enabled the identification and functional characterization of novel genes encoding ion channels, ion carriers, and water channels of the plant plasma membrane.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Current opinion in cell biology (ISSN 0955-0674); Volume 8; 4; 458-67
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    A model for the kinetics of homotypic cellular aggregation under static conditions (1997)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We present the formulation and testing of a mathematical model for the kinetics of homotypic cellular aggregation. The model considers cellular aggregation under no-flow conditions as a two-step process. Individual cells and cell aggregates 1) move on the tissue culture surface and 2) collide with other cells (or aggregates). These collisions lead to the formation of intercellular bonds. The aggregation kinetics are described by a system of coupled, nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and the collision frequency kernel is derived by extending Smoluchowski's colloidal flocculation theory to cell migration and aggregation on a two-dimensional surface. Our results indicate that aggregation rates strongly depend upon the motility of cells and cell aggregates, the frequency of cell-cell collisions, and the strength of intercellular bonds. Model predictions agree well with data from homotypic lymphocyte aggregation experiments using Jurkat cells activated by 33B6, an antibody to the beta 1 integrin. Since cell migration speeds and all the other model parameters can be independently measured, the aggregation model provides a quantitative methodology by which we can accurately evaluate the adhesivity and aggregation behavior of cells.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Biophysical journal (ISSN 0006-3495); Volume 72; 1; 51-64
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  • 9
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    Biomaterials for tissue engineering: summary (1997)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: This article summarizes presentations and discussion at the workshop "Enabling Biomaterial Technology for Tissue Engineering," which was held during the Fifth World Biomaterials Congress in May 1996. Presentations covered the areas of material substrate architecture, barrier effects, and cellular response, including analysis of biomaterials challenges involved in producing specific tissue-engineered products.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Tissue engineering (ISSN 1076-3279); Volume 3; 1; 71-3; discussion 73-6
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  • 10
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    Managing fatigue in operational settings. 1: Physiological considerations and countermeasures (1996)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The authors consider three aspects of managing fatigue in the workplace. They provide a brief overview of important scientific findings related to sleep and circadian physiology that establish the psychobiological foundation of fatigue. Their major focus is on the relevance of these findings to operational settings. In addition, they provide examples to describe practical fatigue countermeasures that can be used in operational settings.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.) (ISSN 0896-4289); Volume 21; 4; 157-65
    Format: text
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