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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave Detection of A Key Intermediate in the Formation of Atmospheric Sulfuric Acid: The Structure of H20-SO3 (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 501-504 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100002a008
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave and ab Initio Investigation of HF-BF3 (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 12549-12556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00155a018
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas-solid structure differences in the donor-acceptor complex (CH3)2HN−SO2 (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 26 (1996), S. 533-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Sulfur dioxide ; dimethylamine ; dative bond ; gas-solid structure difference ; donor — acceptor adduct ; nitrogen — sulfur bond ; Lewis acid-base complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The crystal structure of the donor — acceptor adduct (CH3)2HN−SO2 is reported. Crystals of the compound are clear prisms, space group Pna21; at −96°C,a=9.894(1),b=6.051(2),c=16.478(3) Å,D=1.469 g/cm3,V=786.6(5) Å,Z=8. The unit cell contains two crystallographically independent adducts, with N−S bond lengths of 2.015(3) Å and 1.991(3) Å. The average value, 2.00(1) Å is 0.33(4) Å shorter than the 2.34(3) Å value previously determined from microwave spectroscopy of the gas phase species, revealing a large medium effect on the length of the donor — acceptor bond. The structural results are compared with published data for the trimethylamine — SO2 adduct, and discussed in terms of existing experimental and theoretical results for other donor — acceptor systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01668411
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Delayed effect of pinealectomy on hibernation of the golden-mantled ground squirrel (1982)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 26 (1982), S. 311-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Pinealectomy or radical sham pinealectomy were performed on adult golden-mantled ground squirrels,Spermophilus (=Citellus) lateralis, approximately 1 month prior to the date of normal winter emergence. The first hibernatory period and subsequent active season were not different in either of the operated groups from intact animals. However, although the initiation of the second hibernatory period was not affected in the pinealectomized animals, this group failed to show the progressive increase in the length of heterothermic bouts that is characteristic of normal hibernation. Also, terminal arousal occurred approximately 6 weeks earlier in the second year after pinealectomy. Male squirrels showed a corresponding time compression in their annual gonadal cycle, as was assessed by testicular state. These results suggest that the pineal gland of the golden-mantled ground squirrel is involved in the expression of the annual hibernatory cycle. In the absence of the pineal gland the adult of this species is unable to sustain the normal depth and duration of hibernation in the second over-wintering period following pinealectomy. We have carried out additional experiments with young, laboratory-bornS. lateralis and with field-caught, adultS. richardsonii. The results of these studies also are described in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02219502
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cimetidine and ranitidine on carbamazepine and sodium valproate pharmacokinetics (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 27 (1984), S. 341-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; ranitidine ; carbamazepine ; sodium valproate ; pharmacokinetics ; drug metabolism ; inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose (400 mg) of carbamazepine and sodium valproate were compared in peptic ulcer patients before and after four weeks of a therapeutic course of either cimetidine (1 g/day, n=6 subjects) or ranitidine (300 mg/day, n=6 subjects). There was a small (up to 20%) but statistically significant decrease in oral clearance of carbamazepine after cimetidine treatment. A similar fall in sodium valproate clearance in five cimetidine-treated patients was accompanied by a significantly prolonged elimination half-life. No such trends were demonstrated during ranitidine treatment. Since both anticonvulsants are partly metabolized by hepatic mixed function oxidases, an inhibition by cimetidine at this level may be responsible for the observed impairment of clearance. Thus a potentially important clinical interaction may occur in patients taking anticonvulsants and cimetidine concurrently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542172
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental Survey of Wetting and Superfluid Onset of 4He on Alkali Metal Surfaces (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 113 (1998), S. 829-834 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present a survey of the wetting behavior of 4 He on evaporated films of rubidium, potassium and sodium. 4 He wets these surfaces at all temperatures. Off coexistence on rubidium and potassium there is a prewetting transition that is closely coupled with superfluid onset and possibly a surface tricritical point where the prewetting transition and superfluid onset intersect. Sodium has a prewetting critical temperature well below 1 K. Wetting and superfluid onset phase diagrams for 4 He on rubidium and potassium are presented and compared with that of 4 He on cesium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022594604237
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adsorption of3He on cesium (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 106 (1997), S. 81-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Adsorption isotherms of3He on cesium substrates have been measured in the temperature range from 0.2 K to 1.5 K. At liquid-vapor coexistence3He wets cesium at all temperatures studied. Step-like features are found in the isotherms which are similar to the prewetting transitions of4He on Cs substrates, but the width of these steps is ∼20 times wider for3He than for4He. In the case of3He on Cs, the steps are located at a chemical potential about 0.6 K below liquid-vapor coexistence. If the low temperature behavior is interpreted to be first order prewetting, the prewetting critical point temperature is 0.6±0.1 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02403917
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skeletal muscle histology and biochemistry of an elite sprinter, the African cheetah (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 167 (1997), S. 527-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Cheetah ; Fiber type ; Mitochondrial volume density ; Skeletal muscle ; Sprinting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To establish a skeletal muscle profile for elite sprinters, we obtained muscle biopsy samples from the vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius and soleus of African cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). Muscle ultrastructure was characterized by the fiber type composition and mitochondrial volume density of each sample. Maximum enzyme activity, myoglobin content and mixed fiber metabolite content were used to assess the major biochemical pathways. The results demonstrate a preponderance of fast-twitch fibers in the locomotor muscles of cheetahs; 83% of the total number of fibers examined in the vastus lateralis and nearly 61% of the gastrocnemius were comprised of fast-twitch fibers. The total mitochondrial volume density of the limb muscles ranged from 2.0 to 3.9% for two wild cheetahs. Enzyme activities reflected the sprinting capability of the cheetah. Maximum activities for pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the vastus lateralis were 1519.00 ± 203.60 and 1929.25±482.35 μmol min−1 · g wet wt−1, respectively, and indicated a high capacity for glycolysis. This study demonstrates that the locomotor muscles of cheetahs are poised for anaerobically based exercise. Fiber type composition, mitochondrial content and glycolytic enzyme capacities in the locomotor muscles of these sprinting cats are at the extreme range of values for other sprinters bred or trained for this activity including greyhounds, thoroughbred horses and elite human athletes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600050105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulmonary Bioavailability of a Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotide (CGP 64128A): Comparison with Other Delivery Routes (1998)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 15 (1998), S. 583-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: administration ; antisense ; bioavailability ; gastrointestinal ; intra-peritoneal ; intra-tracheal ; ISIS 3521 ; oligonucleotide ; oral ; pharmacokinetics ; subcutaneous
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. Phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides are promising therapeutic candidates. When given systemically in clinical trials they are administered via slow intravenous infusion to avoid their putative plasma concentration-dependent haemodynamic side-effects. In this study, we have evaluated alternative parenteral and non-parenteral administration routes which have the potential to enhance the therapeutic and commercial potential of these agents. Methods. The delivery of CGP 64128A by intravenous, subcutaneous, intra-peritoneal, oral and intra-tracheal (pulmonary) routes was investigated in rats using radiolabelled compound and supported by more specific capillary gel electrophoretic analyses. Results. Intravenously administered CGP 64128A exhibited the rapid blood clearance and distinctive tissue distribution which are typical for phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides. Subcutaneous and intra-peritoneal administration resulted in significant bioavailabilities (30.9% and 28.1% over 360 min, respectively) and reduced peak plasma levels when compared with intravenous dosing. Administration via the gastrointestinal tract gave negligible bioavailability (〈2%). Intra-tracheal administration resulted in significant but dose-dependent bioavailabilities of 3.2, 16.5 and 39.8% at 0.06, 0.6 and 6.0 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusions. Significant bioavailabilities of CGP 64128A were achieved following subcutaneous, intra-peritoneal and intra-tracheal administration. Pulmonary delivery represents a promising mode of non-parenteral dosing for antisense oligonucleotides. The dose-dependent increase in pulmonary bioavailability suggests that low doses may be retained in the lungs for local effects whereas higher doses may be suitable for the treatment of a broader spectrum of systemic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011934011690
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Utilization of carbohydrates by Thermomonospora sp. Grown on glucose, cellobiose, and cellulose (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1325-1338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Thermomonospora sp. was grown on glucose, cellobiose, and in order to study its growth characteristics with different carbohydrate substrates and to assess the validity of some of the assumptions made in a previously proposed model for the cellulose fermentation with this microorganism. It was observed that the nitrogen and protein contents of the cells are essentially constant during the fermentation and independent of the carbon source when glucose or cellobiose are utilized. Under oxygen starvation conditions it was shown that unidentification organic compound(s) accumulate(s) in the culture broth. Culture fluorescence was shown to be an excellent variable for monitoring and control of the fermentation process. This microorganism showed a preference for crystalline cellulose (Avicel) as substrate although it grows readily on a more amorphous cellulose (Solka Floc). The production of extra cellular protein is shown to be growth related. Data were obtained confirming the decrease in the number of active adsorption sites as the cause for the decrease in the cellulose digestion rate. It is suggested that a future model should account for the time change of surface characteristics of the cellulose particles.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230612
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